19683 research outputs found
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Can online interactions reduce loneliness in young adults during university closures in Japan? The directed acyclic graphs approach
No full textAs a countermeasure to the increased loneliness induced by the COVID-19 pandemic-related university closures, universities provided students with online interaction opportunities. However, whether these opportunities contributed to reducing loneliness during the university closures remains unclear, as previous studies have produced contradictory findings. We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional survey. Data were collected on demographics, social environment, social support, interactions, health and loneliness from 4949 students from 60 universities across Japan. We used psychological network and Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) to examine the effect of online interactions on loneliness during university closures during COVID-19. The results showed that the frequency of online interactions with friends did not exert a significant influence on loneliness during university closures. A comparative examination of the DAGs further illuminated that the social environment exhibited fewer pathways for interpersonal interactions and social support during these closure periods. The psychosocial pathways influencing young adults' loneliness show variations contingent on the university's closure status. Notably, the impact of heightened online interactions with friends on loneliness appears to be less pronounced among young adults in the context of university closure.</p
Attending to slow violence: From Pride to Stand Out
No full textSlow violence occurs gradually and out of sight, an attritional violence of delayed destruction not usually viewed as violence at all. Relative to more immediately perceived and recognisable forms of violence, the temporal, spatial, and sensational invisibility of slow violence can hinder efforts to act decisively towards it. Drawing on material from ethnographic research in an outer-suburban Melbourne secondary school, I examine how attending to affective dissonances experienced by students and staff led me to witness the school’s first Pride Club meeting, the group’s decline, and its transformation into Stand Out Club. This transformation lifts to view a move beyond the politics through which the group was initially conceived into an ethical response attentive to queer students’ lives. Slow violence, conceptually, has much to offer, including the possibility for recognising and responding to slow violence with an ethics of nonviolence.</p
Seeing Beyond the Individual: Unveiling the Hidden Dynamics of Sexual Revictimisation in Regional and Rural Areas
No full textIntroduction: Sexual revictimisation has detrimental health outcomes for women; yet, little is known about this experience in regional/rural areas. Guided by a Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR) approach, we explore sexual assault counsellor perspectives on the revictimisation experiences of their clients and consider what conditions enable sexual revictimisation to be perpetrated within regional/rural spaces. Method: This paper reports findings from a workshop held in September 2021 with counsellors (N = 27) from a sexual violence response organisation servicing regional and rural communities in Victoria, Australia. Results: Findings from this study reveal that geographically and socially isolated spaces, cultures of victim-blaming, structural disadvantage and systemic revictimisation facilitated men in perpetrating sexual violence in local and specific ways. These material-discursive forces were thereby involved in the co-constitution of sexual revictimisation as a phenomenon. Conclusion: It is imperative that revictimisation research and policy examine the multiple and complex material-discursive forces that co-constitute sexual violence experiences. Policy Implications: Investigating the complex network of forces prevalent in sexual revictimisation experiences prompts us to transcend potentially victim-blaming explanations and detrimental policy measures focused solely on the individual. Instead, this approach cultivates a deeper appreciation for the divergent dynamics, agents and processes at play. It underscores the demand for more sophisticated research and policy interventions that grasp the complexity of revictimisation experiences.</p
Genome Editing of Rhodes Grass (Chloris gayana) for Improved Herbage Quality
No full textSubmitted in total fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.This thesis was a recipient of the Nancy Millis Award for theses of exceptional merit.</p
Accountability ecosystems political economy analysis: Palau country study
No full text“Palauan society is complex and multi-layered. It has a proud and vibrant traditional social system that shapes the social roles and responsibilities of individuals within family, clan and village units by markers such as gender, traditional titles and age (Hassall 2009). Palau also has a long and complex history of international engagement compared with other Pacific states. This is influenced by its colonial history, current free association agreement with the United States of America (US), high number of migrant labourers and its geographic positioning closer to Asia than to most other Pacific states. As a result of these influences, accountability in Palau is a dynamic combination of longstanding social norms, formal governance procedures (strongly influenced by the US) and shifting mores shaped by global influences.”</p
Nitrogen deposition-induced stimulation of soil heterotrophic respiration is counteracted by biochar in a subtropical forest
No full textBoth atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition and biochar application can markedly impact soil heterotrophic respiration (RH), an important component of the global carbon cycle. However, the interactive effects of N deposition and biochar application on soil RH in subtropical forest ecosystems remain unclear. Here, we conducted a three-year (2019–2022) field trial within a bamboo forest in subtropical China to examine the responses of soil physicochemical and microbial properties to N deposition and biochar application, and to elucidate how biochar regulates N deposition-induced change in soil RH. Nitrogen deposition stimulated soil RH by 8.1–9.8 % annually over three years compared to the control, and this stimulation was mitigated (by 8.1–8.9 % annually) with biochar addition. In the context of N deposition, the decrease of soil RH by biochar application was not through changing soil temperature, moisture or labile organic carbon content. Biochar treatment reduced the abundances of bacterial glycoside hydrolase family 48 gene (GH48) and fungal glycoside hydrolase family 7 cellobiohydrolase I gene (cbhI) and the activities of β-glucosidase and cellobiohydrolase (CBH), but increased the abundance of cbbL gene and activity of RubisCO enzyme. Furthermore, the RH was correlated positively (P </p
Measuring, monitoring and diagnosing the impact of mis /dis information to support future (non-legislative) policy development
No full textAustralian Resilient Democracy Research and Data Network Discussion Paper 2</p
Normative and correlation data of hip and groin strength in professional male Australian football players
No full textNo description supplied</p
‘I was having an anxiety attack and they pepper sprayed me': police apprehension in mental health contexts in Australia
No full textPolice attendance in mental health contexts is often traumatic for the person in crisis, their family and first responders. Existing literature on police involvement in mental health responses tends to focus on police perspectives. Scholarship exploring lived experience perspectives is limited, yet is crucial for informing programmes, policies and reforms. We present findings from one of the first projects co-produced with people with lived experiences of being apprehended by police under mental health legislation. Interviews were conducted with twenty participants who had experience(s) of police apprehension across Australia. Findings highlight the social disadvantage experienced by participants prior to being apprehended and that use of force (such as tasering, pepper spraying and restraining in locked police vans) was common and over-used. Our study identified that police apprehension has lasting and wide-ranging impacts, leading to loss of employment, trauma, property damage, negative self-perceptions, discrimination, and fear of future police responses. Some participants were also apprehended by police while experiencing family violence and were misidentified as perpetrators. We argue police use of force mirrors the use of force within mental health services, with participants not experiencing a clear separation between police and mental health responses. The article shares participants’ ideas for change, including response models based on human rights, police non-attendance and peer-led initiatives. Our findings suggest the need for investment in alternatives to police responses and further research involving lived experience perspectives to inform out understanding of mental health crisis responses.</p