19683 research outputs found
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Anti‐egalitarianism motivates denial of male privilege
No full textMen are privileged economically, politically, and socially, yet some deny this. Previous research suggests that denial of privilege can help to manage the discomfort associated with a privileged identity, but we propose that it serves primarily to preserve privilege. In two preregistered studies (Ntotal = 911 Australian participants) we show that denial of male privilege is not unique to men and that it is strongly predicted by anti‐egalitarianism, even when controlling for gender and other variables known to predict attitudes toward inequality (facets of right‐wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation). In Study 1, a multiple regression model accounted for 59% of the variability in reported male privilege awareness, with anti‐egalitarianism contributing 47% of the explanatory power. In Study 2, the explanatory power of anti‐egalitarianism was more modest (26%) and similar to that of gender (27%), and both also positively predicted claims of female privilege. This suggests that rather than simply reflecting unawareness of male privilege or being a way to manage a privileged identity, denying the existence of male privilege and claiming that women are privileged helps to preserve gender inequality by presenting it as a just result of meritocracy.</p
Prison expansion in the plains grasslands: Coloniality, ecological injustice and carceral sprawl
No full textThis article examines the politics of prison siting on contaminated land within an endangered ecosystem in Australia, contributing to the literature on carceral geography and the burgeoning field of abolition ecology. I argue that prisons materialise in the landscape through processes of dispossession, environmental degradation and value extraction that enclose Indigenous lands for caging populations cast as ‘surplus’ to settler racial capitalism. The primary focus is the interface between prisons and the Victorian Volcanic Plain grasslands at a site called Ravenhall, a former military testing site that has been remade as a ‘prisons precinct’ and native grasslands reserve on Bunurong country in the outer Western suburbs of Melbourne. I investigate the history, ecology and political economy of prison-building at this site, unearthing the assemblage of living and nonliving entities involved in the construction of carceral geographies, and the meaning-making that guides planning and conservation processes. Rather than simply protecting and enhancing the biodiversity of the plains grasslands, neoliberal conservation practices at Ravenhall facilitate carceral development by generating more visible and ‘substitutable’ natures to gloss over the socially and ecologically toxic realities of prisons. The analysis reinforces the role that carceral geographies play in reproducing structured racial-environmental vulnerabilities and the importance of challenging sprawling prison developments as part of decolonial, abolitionist and ecological justice struggles.</p
A Most Significant Change evaluation of a new co-designed tool to measure holistic well-being in consumers of community aged care services
No full textAbstract:Objectives: To evaluate a Wellbeing Check-in tool and process for use with BlueCare's home care package (HCP) clients by care and well-being practitioners. The tool had been co-designed with HCP clients and trialled with 15 clients. Methods: The Most Significant Change (MSC) methodology was used to gather stories from five practitioners, five HCP staff and seven clients. A workshop with senior staff was held to determine themes and whether the tool met its aims. Results: Out of 22 MSC stories, 18 were judged in scope by workshop participants. Eight themes were then identified. Four themes reflected the content of the narratives (i.e. what was discussed): Isolation and connection; Grief; Faith/explicit spirituality; and Client preference. The other four themes reflected the process (i.e. what the discussions meant to participants): Being there/Meaningful conversations; Impact on significant others; New insight; and Purpose of the check-in. These eight themes largely reflected the aims of the Wellbeing Check-in tool in terms of providing a means to optimise connectedness, well-being and spiritual care in accordance with the client's needs, goals and preferences. Unanticipated findings included its benefits for family members and uncertainty about the aim or value of the tool, which highlighted the need for BlueCare to be clear about the purpose of the tool in promoting it to clients and their informal carers. Conclusions: The Wellbeing Check-in tool was found to be fit for purpose. A tool used flexibly to prompt discussion about well-being can be helpful to clients and pastoral care staff.</p
Preventing hospital falls: feasibility of care workforce redesign to optimise patient falls education
No full textObjective: To examine the feasibility of using allied health assistants to deliver patient falls prevention education within 48 h after hospital admission. Design and setting: Feasibility study with hospital patients randomly allocated to usual care or usual care plus additional patient falls prevention education delivered by supervised allied health assistants using an evidence-based scripted conversation and educational pamphlet. Participants: (i) allied health assistants and (ii) patients admitted to participating hospital wards over a 20-week period. Outcomes: (i) feasibility of allied health assistant delivery of patient education; (ii) hospital falls per 1,000 bed days; (iii) injurious falls; (iv) number of falls requiring transfer to an acute medical facility. Results: 541 patients participated (median age 81 years); 270 control group and 271 experimental group. Allied health assistants (n = 12) delivered scripted education sessions to 254 patients in the experimental group, 97% within 24 h after admission. There were 32 falls in the control group and 22 in the experimental group. The falls rate was 8.07 falls per 1,000 bed days in the control group and 5.69 falls per 1,000 bed days for the experimental group (incidence rate ratio = 0.66 (95% CI 0.32, 1.36; P = 0.26)). There were 2.02 injurious falls per 1,000 bed days for the control group and 1.03 for the experimental</p
Burning Issues in Classics: Introduction
No full textThis volume addresses various ways that we interact with, refashion and reuse aspects of ancient Greece and Rome. Its studies range from the political engagement of Italian fascists with ancient Rome, to the use of ancient Greece in video games. The chapters each take on a ‘burning issue’ of identity or ownership, that is, how we identify with ancient Greeks and Romans, as well as drawing (often troubling) elements of our identity from them. In addition, they address the question: which of us feel that we own the past? Does Classics belong to everyone, or has it been coopted by an elite few?</p
The experiences of occupational therapists supporting children with self-regulation needs: A qualitative descriptive study
No full textNo description supplied.</p
Improving Spiritual Health Care for LGBTQA+ Australians: Beyond Conversion Practices. A Community Report
No full textThis is the final community report from a series of studies into lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and asexual (LGBTQA+) conversion practices in Australia.</p
Tale of quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength after ACL reconstruction: a systematic review with longitudinal and multivariate meta-analysis
No full textObjective: This study aimed to investigate how knee extensor and flexor strength change over time after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Design: Systematic review with longitudinal meta-analysis. Data sources: Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL and SPORTDiscus to 28 February 2023. Eligibility: criteria Studies of primary ACLR (n≥50), with mean participant age 18-40 years, reporting a quantitative measure of knee extensor or flexor strength were eligible. Muscle strength had to be reported for the ACL limb and compared with: (1) the contralateral limb (within-person); and/or (2) an uninjured control limb (between-person). Results: We included 232 studies of 34 220 participants. Knee extensor and flexor strength showed sharp initial improvement postoperatively before tailing off at approximately 12-18 months post surgery with minimal change thereafter. Knee extensor strength was reduced by more than 10% compared with the contralateral limb and approximately 20% compared with uninjured controls at 1 year for slow concentric, fast concentric and isometric contractions. Knee flexor strength showed smaller deficits but was still 5%-7% lower than the contralateral limb at 1 year for slow concentric, fast concentric and isometric contractions. Between-person comparisons showed larger deficits than within-person comparisons. Conclusion: Knee extensor muscle strength is meaningfully reduced (>10%) at 1 year, with limited improvement after this time up to and beyond 5 years post surgery. Many people likely experience persistent and potentially long-term strength deficits after ACLR. Comparison within person (to the contralateral limb) likely underestimates strength deficits in contrast to uninjured controls.</p
Sustainable Synthesis of Diamond-like Carbon and Giant Carbon Allotropes from Hyperbaric Methanol–Water Mixtures Through the Critical Point
No full textFreeform carbon fibres were 3D-printed from CH3OH:H2O mixtures using hyperbaric-pressure laser chemical vapour deposition (HP-LCVD). The experiment overlapped a region of known diamond growth, with the objective of depositing diamond-like carbon without the use of plasmas or hot filaments. A high-pressure regime was investigated for the first time through the precursor’s critical point. Seventy-two C-fibres were grown from 13 different CH3OH:H2O mixtures at total pressures between 7.8 and 180 bar. Maximum steady-state axial growth rates of 14 µm/s were observed. Growth near the critical point was suppressed, ostensibly due to thermal diffusion and selective etching. In addition to nanostructured graphite, various carbon allotropes were synthesised at/within the outer surface of the fibres, including diamond-like carbon, graphite polyhedral crystal, and tubular graphite cones. Several allotropes were oversized compared to structures previously reported. Raman spectral pressure–temperature (P-T) maps and a pictorial P-T phase diagram were compiled over a broad range of process conditions. Trends in the Raman ID/IG and I2D/IG intensity ratios were observed and regions of optimal growth for specific allotropes were identified. It is intended that this work provide a basis for others in optimising the growth of specific carbon allotropes from methanol using HP-LCVD and similar CVD processes.</p
Therapeutic Potential of i-bodies Against Malaria
No full textA thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.</p