19683 research outputs found
Sort by
Peatland carbon chemistry, amino acids and protein preservation in biogeochemically distinct ecohydrologic layers
No full textAbstract: Peatlands play a significant role in global carbon and nitrogen cycles due to their carbon storage capabilities. However, there are key knowledge gaps in our understanding of how peatland hydrology influences the biogeochemical properties that drive peatland functioning and health. This study examines peatland hydrology and biogeochemical dynamics by exploring the variations in carbon chemistry, total amino acid (‘protein’) content and amino acid composition in the ecohydrologic layers: acrotelm, mesotelm and catotelm. The dynamic movement of the water table recorded half-hourly over 4 years was used to assist in identifying the boundaries between these layers. Peat amino acids were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Carbon chemistry was analysed by solid state Cross Polarization Magic Angle Spinning (CPMAS) 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, with the alkyl:O-alkyl ratio used to quantify the extent of decomposition. Our result revealed a strong positive correlation between the extent of decomposition and total protein content, indicating selective preservation of proteinaceous materials during peat decomposition. Each ecohydrologic layer displayed a distinct amino acid composition and carbon functional group composition. The acrotelm was relatively enriched in seven amino acids and two carbon functional groups. The mesotelm was relatively enriched in four amino acids, while the catotelm was relatively enriched in three amino acids and four carbon functional groups. The variations in amino acid composition reflect differences in microbial function and efficiency, while variations in carbon functional groups provide insights into long-term carbon sequestration in peatland. Collectively, these results provide more insights into nutrient cycling and changes in organic matter composition during peat decomposition. These findings demonstrate that peatland biogeochemistry is closely linked to ecohydrology and suggest that changes to water table dynamics could affect the ability of peatlands to sequester and store carbon in the future.</p
The Meaning(s) of Humiliation According to the Empirical Evidence
No full textNo description supplied.</p
Bacteria contribute more than fungi to SOC decomposition in a paddy field under long-term free-air CO<sub>2</sub> enrichment
No full textMicrobial responses to future climate change are important in determining soil organic carbon cycling and evaluating carbon-climate feedback. Paddy soils from a 15-year free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment were incubated and analyzed to reveal the responses of soil microbial activity, community diversity and composition to the soil depth and elevated CO2. Network topology analysis was conducted to determine microbial complexity and stability, and Mantel tests were used to analyze the correlation between bacteria and fungi and soil respiration. Elevated CO2 stimulated cumulative soil respiration (topsoil 6.2 %, subsoil 21.8 %), which was positively correlated with bacterial diversity. The elevated CO2 effects on the microbial community were greater in the topsoil than in the subsoil, namely, bacterial diversity was increased by 2.1 % in the topsoil (0–15 cm). Elevated CO2 also increased the abundance of Nitrospirota in the top- but not in the subsoil. Fungal diversity and phyla were not affected by elevated CO2, but fungal diversity was significantly correlated with the contents of soil DOC, total dissolved N, and total P in the subsoil. Compared to the subsoil, bacterial richness was higher in topsoil, and more Ascomycota was found but fewer Mortierellomycota; the microbial network had a greater number of nodes and edges. These results suggested that 1) depth was a major factor affecting soil properties that determine microbial community and function; 2) bacterial taxa were more sensitive to elevated CO2 than fungal taxa; 3) elevated CO2 increased SOC decomposition directly via enhanced soil C availability and altered bacterial diversity and microbial complexity and stability.</p
Adults Claiming Child Rights: Activism, Temporality and Abuse in Childhood
No full textThis chapter explores what it means for adults to claim child rights. Focussing on activism against institutional child abuse, it considers the question of what happens to the mobilisation of child rights discourse when the person claiming those rights is no longer a child. In other words, how is the concept of child rights used retrospectively and what does this reveal, both about childhood and about child rights? The chapter begins with the contention that childhood needs to be understood as not only a concept that speaks to the lives of children, their experiences, and their place within the social structure. Rather, we suggest that a more expansive view enables recognition of the enduring significance of childhood in adults’ lives. We illustrate this argument with examples of the formation of collective identities based on childhood experiences, before turning to the ways that child rights are marshalled by adults in activism, in commissions of inquiry, and in the legal sphere. Throughout the chapter, we</p
Submission 72: Australian Law Reform Commission: Justice Responses to Sexual Violence Inquiry Response to Issues Paper Questions 19, 20, 24.
No full texthttps://www.alrc.gov.au/inquiry/justice-responses-to-sexual-violence/submissions/https://www.alrc.gov.au/publication/jrsv-issues-paper-2024/</p
The Role of Psychosocial Factors in Predicting Dietary Treatment Response in Irritable Bowel Syndrome
No full textSubmitted in total fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Ph.D. to the School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Victoria.</p
Excavations, Surveys and Heritage Management in Victoria. Volume 13, 2024. Edited by Deb Kelly, David Frankel, Elizabeth Foley, Susan Lawrence, Caroline Spry
No full textThe papers included in this 13th issue of Excavations, Surveys and Heritage Management in Victoria were presented at the annual Victorian Archaeology Colloquium held at La Trobe University on 2 February 2024.Barrat-car-loon ngarrwabil-nhuk burdu’auan Darrwal baap Kaal: Reawakening sleeping Traditional Knowledge of the dingo [Darrwal/Kaal]https://doi.org/10.26181/28502933.v1Placenames a key to interpreting Indigenous archaeologyhttps://doi.org/10.26181/28502594 Cultural Values Assessments on Wadawurrung Country: Intangible heritage, self-determination and archiving traditional knowledgeshttps://doi.org/10.26181/28432883.v1To amend, or not to amend? An analysis of the pros and cons of amending Cultural Heritage Management Planshttps://doi.org/10.26181/28510088.v1 Techniques for investigating past landscapes and environments https://doi.org/10.26181/28477910.v1 White Flat Oval refuse site- preliminary resultshttps://doi.org/10.26181/28502555.v1 The evolution of a nineteenth century north-east Victorian alpine mining landscape https://doi.org/10.26181/28478261.v1The Prehistory of Historical Archaeology in Victoria. A preliminary report to 1974 https://doi.org/10.26181/28502501.v1 </p
Modular synthesis of functional libraries by accelerated SuFEx click chemistry
No full textAccelerated SuFEx Click Chemistry (ASCC) is a powerful method for coupling aryl and alkyl alcohols with SuFEx-compatible functional groups. With its hallmark favorable kinetics and exceptional product yields, ASCC streamlines the synthetic workflow, simplifies the purification process, and is ideally suited for discovering functional molecules. We showcase the versatility and practicality of the ASCC reaction as a tool for the late-stage derivatization of bioactive molecules and in the array synthesis of sulfonate-linked, high-potency, microtubule targeting agents (MTAs) that exhibit nanomolar anticancer activity against multidrug-resistant cancer cell lines. These findings underscore ASCC's promise as a robust platform for drug discovery.</p
Media & Spinal Cord Injury: What People with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Want You to Know
No full textAnimation: 1:17 minutesInformation poster, two sizes: A3 and square</p
The Tibet-Aid Project and Settler Colonialism in China’s Borderlands
No full textNo description supplied</p