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AI-Driven Business Intelligence for E-Commerce in Traditional Industries: A Case Study of Romania’s Wine Sector
Get PDFCorrection: Lived experiences with inclusive education from the perspective of a pupil with visual impairment and his mother—a case study
No full textCorrection: Lived experiences with inclusive education from the perspective of a pupil with visual impairment and his mother—a case study
No full textInvestigating the efficacy of the web-based Common Elements Toolbox (COMET) single session intervention in improving UK university student wellbeing: Randomised controlled trial
No full textMental health problems in university students are associated with many negative outcomes, yet there is a gap between need and timely access to help. Single-session interventions (SSIs) are designed to be scalable and accessible, delivering core evidence-based intervention components within a one-off encounter. COMET (Common Elements Toolbox) is an online self-help SSI that includes behavioral activation, cognitive restructuring, gratitude, and self-compassion. COMET has previously been evaluated in India, Kenya, and the United States with promising results. This study tests the acceptability, appropriateness, perceived utility, and efficacy of COMET among UK university students during the peripandemic period. We conducted a randomized controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of COMET compared with a control group, with 2- and 4-week follow-ups. Outcome variables were subjective well-being, depression severity, anxiety severity, positive affect, negative affect, and perceived stress. We also measured intervention satisfaction immediately after completion of COMET. All UK university students with access to the internet were eligible to participate and were informed of the study online. The data were analyzed using linear mixed models and reported in accordance with the CONSORT-EHEALTH (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials of Electronic and Mobile Health Applications and Online Telehealth) checklist. Of the 831 people screened, 468 participants were randomized to a condition, 407 completed the postintervention survey, 147 returned the 2-week follow-up survey, 118 returned the 4-week follow-up survey, and 89 returned both. Of the 239 randomized, 212 completed COMET. Significant between-group differences in favor of the COMET intervention were observed at 2-week follow-ups for subjective well-being (Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale; mean difference [MD] 1.39, 95% CI 0.19-2.61; P=.03), depression severity (9-item Patient Health Questionnaire; MD -1.31, 95% CI -2.51 to -0.12; P=.03), and perceived stress (4-item Perceived Stress Scale; MD -1.33, 95% CI -2.10 to -0.57;
From metabolism to coexistence: Understanding animal movement and community dynamics through energy
No full textTo counteract ongoing biodiversity loss due to global change, we need a deeper understanding of when and how species coexist. Recent work has begun to uncover mechanistic links between species coexistence and the movement of individual animals, revealing how individual behaviour can shape community dynamics. This movement behaviour is both motivated by and constrains an animal’s energy state, which in turn drives organism fitness and species interactions, for example by minimizing energy costs or maximizing energy intake. Advancing our understanding of individual energetic mechanisms can therefore reveal key drivers of coexistence. Here, we propose a conceptual framework linking animal energetics, movement behaviour and coexistence to explore how energy fluxes drive movement, mediate species interactions and shape community dynamics, extending former theories that address subsets of these relationships. Energetics is an important process influencing whether, how, where and when animals move, and underpins both equalizing (e.g., similar energy balances among species) and stabilizing (e.g., energy costs that limit large populations) mechanisms of coexistence. By synthesizing insights from community ecology, movement ecology and ecophysiology, we highlight how the integration of these fields reveals a fundamental set of interconnected mechanisms shaping species coexistence. We advocate for this mechanistic framework to improve our understanding of diversity dynamics and predictions of the impacts of environmental change on coexistence and biodiversity. We call for the development of interdisciplinary methods to test predictions evolving in this area and provide examples of how this framework can be applied to advance understanding across varied ecological systems
A Semiautomated Approach for Detecting Ambiguities in Software Requirements Using SpanBERT and Named Entity Recognition
No full textAmbiguous user requirements present a challenge in software requirement engineering. A manual approach to handling ambiguity is time‐consuming. Software requirements are essential inputs to software development processes, including architecture and design, implementation, and testing. Requirement ambiguities lead to project cost overruns, delays in project delivery, and poor software product quality. Timely identification and correction of ambiguity can result in better software systems that meet product objectives and satisfy the needs of all stakeholders. This study explores various natural language processing techniques and SpanBERT (a variant of BERT). This research proposes a semiautomated approach for detecting anaphoric, coordination, and missing condition ambiguities in functional requirements. The proposed approach is validated on a new, original dataset containing 425 functional requirements from 16 domains. The ambiguities identified through our approach are compared with those detected manually and by ChatGPT. Our approach outperforms ChatGPT in detecting ambiguities. The proposed approach will aid project managers and requirement engineers in identifying ambiguities in requirement specifications, thereby helping to reduce cost overruns and delays in the software development process caused by requirement ambiguities
‘Being there’ as providers and caregivers: caring masculinities in parenting and partnering among young fathers in the UK
Get PDFThis chapter presents analyses from a qualitative longitudinal study called ‘Following Young Fathers Further’ (FYFF), exploring how young fathers in the UK narrate their experiences and understanding of fathering and fatherhood in the context of recent cultural and generational shifts towards engaged fatherhood. Aged 25 and under when they conceive a first pregnancy or become a parent for the first time, these young men’s experiences of young fatherhood are often assumed to be problematic and therefore subject to stigma. Countering pervasive deficit views of these young men by developing a framework of socially engaged fatherhood that accounts for, and explains, the challenges of young fatherhood and its emancipatory potential, this chapter demonstrates how young fathers seek to reconcile and realise both their own and societal expectations of ‘good’ fatherhood. Conceptualising their parenting and partnering practices over time as caring masculinities, we also consider the extent to which this cohort of fathers’ caring practices and ideologies align with and interrogate the conditions that support and/or constrain them in their intentions to ‘be there’ for their children as ‘caring fathers’
