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Impact of a Recipe Kit Scheme (BRITE Box) on Cooking and Food‐Related Behaviours of Children and Families: Exploring Parental/Carer Views
No full textBackground: Dietary intakes in UK children fail to meet national recommendations, especially in low‐income groups. Involving children in food preparation and cooking may enhance acceptability of a wider range of foods, enhance their skills and increase their enjoyment of food. An innovative recipe meal kit scheme, Building Resilience in Today's Environment (BRITE) Box, was developed during the pandemic primarily to address food insecurity (FI). Administered via schools, it offers pre‐weighed ingredients sufficient for a meal for a family of five, plus a child‐focused recipe, weekly during school termtimes. Methods: Qualitative and quantitative exploration of BRITE Box using questionnaires and semi‐structured interviews among parents/carers of children receiving the boxes was conducted at two timepoints a year apart. Results: A total of 154 parents/carers completed questionnaires and 29 were interviewed. Responses indicated multiple benefits of the scheme, including increased confidence in cooking among both children and parents/carers. Both questionnaire responses and interviews suggested improvements in a range of food‐related behaviours, including cooking and eating together and talking more about food. Parents/carers suggested that their children were more willing to eat vegetables and healthy foods and to try new foods and flavours. They also reported greater use of leftovers thereby potentially reducing food waste. Improved behaviours, willingness to try new foods and flavours, reduced food waste and lower stress of trying to think of new and acceptable family meals are likely to have contributed to the positive impact on their mental health reported by BRITE Box parents/carers. Conclusions: Meal kits for children may improve dietary diversity, enhance enjoyment and skills and impact positively on a range of family food‐related behaviours. We argue that BRITE Box has the potential for widespread positive impacts on cooking and food‐related behaviours in children and families, meriting wider study and dissemination as a positive approach to healthy eating in children
Prävalenz von Callous-Unemotional-Traits in einer deutschen Stichprobe von Jugendlichen
No full textZusammenfassung: Hintergrund: Sowohl das DSM-5 als auch die ICD-11 führten den Spezifikator „mit eingeschränkten prosozialen Emotionen (EPE)“ ein, um die Störung des Sozialverhaltens (Conduct Disorder, CD) bei Jugendlichen mit Verhaltensauffälligkeiten und erhöhten kaltherzigen, emotionslosen (eng. callous-unemotional, CU) Eigenschaften genauer zu diagnostizieren. Dadurch wird auch die Bedeutung dieser Merkmale für die Vorhersage zukünftiger maladaptiver Entwicklungen hervorgehoben. In der erwachsenen Gesamtbevölkerung beträgt die Prävalenz von CU-Traits 4,5 %, während sie bei Jugendlichen zwischen 2–6 % variiert. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, die Anwendbarkeit der vom LSU Developmental Psychology Lab (2023 ) entwickelten t-Werte zur Einschätzung klinisch relevanter bzw. kritischer callous-unemotional (CU)-Traits bei Jugendlichen aus der deutschen Gesamtbevölkerung zu überprüfen. Dabei wird untersucht, ob diese international berechneten T-Werte valide für den deutschsprachigen Raum nutzbar sind, ohne dass eigene T-Werte oder Cut-off-Werte basierend auf der Stichprobe berechnet werden. Methode: Die vorliegende Stichprobe besteht aus N = 1622 Jugendliche (50 % weiblich), mit einem Durchschnittsalter von M = 13.63 Jahren, welche an Schulen rekrutiert wurden. Die Studie verwendete alters- und geschlechtsbasierte Normen ( t-Werte) aus der Gemeinschaftsstichprobe des Developmental Psychopathology Lab (2023 ). t-Tests und ANOVAs wurden eingesetzt, um Unterschiede in Alters- (11–14 Jahre, 15–17 Jahre), Geschlechts- und Gruppen des Interaktionseffekts von Geschlecht und Alter zu bestimmen. Ergebnisse: 91.5 % der Stichprobe fielen in die normative Gruppe, 4.3 % galten als gefährdet, und 4.2 % zeigten klinische Merkmale. Altersunterschiede waren signifikant, während die Geschlechtsunterschiede nicht signifikant wurden. Die Interaktionseffekte von Alter und Geschlecht wurden signifikant. Post-hoc-Analysen ergaben signifikante Unterschiede zwischen männlichen Jugendlichen sowie zwischen männlichen und weiblichen Jugendlichen über beide Altersgruppen hinweg. Schlussfolgerung: Die Studie liefert wertvolle Einblicke in die Prävalenz von CU-Eigenschaften in einer deutschen Schulstichprobe. Das Verständnis der Verteilung von CU-Traits ist entscheidend für die Früherkennung und die Entwicklung maßgeschneiderter Interventionen. Neben pädagogischem Personal profitieren auch Fachkräfte im klinischen Kontext von einer frühzeitigen Identifizierung, um gezielte diagnostische und therapeutische Maßnahmen einzuleite
The impact of environmental enrichment on energy metabolism in ovariectomized mice
No full textAfter menopause, a decline in ovarian function leads to various physical and psychological changes, potentially resulting in a range of pathological conditions, including abnormalities in energy metabolism. In recent years, environmental enrichment, which is characterized by positive and comfortable eustress, has been shown to improve various physiological and pathological conditions. This study investigated the effects of environmental factors on energy metabolism in a menopause model using an ovariectomized (OVX) mouse model. Wild-type female mice (8-week-old) were subjected to OVX or a sham operation and maintained under standard condition (SC), enriched environment (EE), or isolated (IS) condition for 4 weeks. OVX led to weight gain and disruption of circadian rhythms, along with changes in various metabolic parameters influenced by differences in housing environments; i.e., EE improved metabolic parameters, but IS deteriorated them. Physical activity and social interaction were factors that determined these differences. Menopause is usually a significant transitional period in a woman’s life, and changes in the social environment during this period can contribute to a diverse range of physical and psychological symptoms. Consequently, when implementing interventions to alleviate menopause-related pathological conditions, not only physical symptoms but also the social context should be carefully considered
Fermented beetroot modulates gut microbial carbohydrate metabolism in prediabetes and prevents high-fat diet induced hyperglycemia in a prediabetic model
No full textCIRA-Cyber Intelligent Risk Assessment Methodology for Industrial Internet of Things based on Machine Learning
No full textCorticospinal excitability is facilitated during coordinative action observation and motor imagery
No full textCombined action observation and motor imagery (AOMI) facilitates corticospinal excitability (CSE). This study used single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to explore changes in CSE for coordinative AOMI, where the observed and imagined actions are related but not identical, for a single-leg sit-to-stand (SL-STS) movement. Twenty-one healthy adults completed two testing sessions including baseline (BL), action observation (AO), and motor imagery (MI) control conditions, and three experimental conditions where they observed a slow-paced SL-STS while simultaneously imagining a slow- (AOMIHICO), medium- (AOMIMOCO), or fast-paced (AOMILOCO) SL-STS. A TMS pulse was delivered to the right leg representation of the left primary motor cortex at three stimulation timepoints aligned with peak electromyography (EMG) activity of the knee extensor muscle group for the fast- (T1), medium- (T2), and slow-paced (T3) SL-STS during each condition. Motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitudes were recorded from the knee extensor muscle group as a marker of CSE for all stimulation timepoints and conditions. A main effect for experimental condition was reported for all stimulation timepoints. MEP amplitudes were significantly greater for AOMIHICO at T1 and T3, and AOMIMOCO and AOMILOCO at all stimulation timepoints, when compared with control conditions. This study provides neurophysiological evidence supporting the use of coordinative AOMI.</p
Common Auditors and Accounting Comparability: Evidence from Vietnam
No full textPurpose – This study aims to investigate the relationship between common auditors and accounting comparability of listed companies in Vietnam. Design/methodology/approach – The authors follow De Franco et al. (2011) to measure accounting comparability and Francis et al. (2014) to construct a measure for common auditors. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions are employed to analyse a sample of 45,178 firm-peer pair observations of companies listed in Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2022.Findings – The authors find a positive relationship between common auditors and accounting comparability. The observed relationship is more pronounced when both audit partners of firm-peer pairs are female and when firms are audited by auditors with greater industry expertise. The authors conduct different robustness tests and find consistent results.Practical implications – Investors, analysts, and creditors may find our findings valuable when evaluating peer companies for the comparability of financial information, aiding their investment, valuation, and lending decisions. Additionally, leaders of audit firms could consider the findings of this research to establish relevant policies (e.g. by considering female gender when promoting or assigning personnel to audit engagements).Originality/value – The authors provide original evidence on the positive relationship between common auditors and the accounting comparability of listed companies in Vietnam
