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Comparative Report on Intervention Results across 5 countries on Political Self-efficacy and identifying the Mechanisms that develop this Attitude
Full text linkOverview /This report evaluates the effectiveness of the G-EPIC intervention - a 5-lesson educational programme designed to increase political self-efficacy among disadvantaged girls - across 5 countries (Belgium, Czechia, Denmark, Germany, United Kingdom). Using a mixed-methods approach (quantitative surveys and qualitative observations, focus groups and interviews), the study assesses whether the intervention improved students' confidence in their political knowledge, skills for political engagement (e.g. speaking in front of class on political issues), broadened their definition of politics, and encouraged future political participation. 1340 students participated in the study (Year 9/approx. age 13-14) from 45 schools and delivered by 46 teachers
‘Alberico Gentili’s Ghost’::Review of Claire Vergerio’s War, States, and International Order: Joseph Fletcher Prize Forum, Cambridge Review of International Affairs
No full text©2025, Taylor & Francis. This is an author produced version of a paper published in Cambridge Review of International Affairs uploaded in accordance with the publisher’s self- archiving policy. The final published version (version of record) is available online at the link. Some minor differences between this version and the final published version may remain. We suggest you refer to the final published version should you wish to cite from it
Should antidepressants be prescribed simply if it is the patient’s preference? Why NICE guidelines must be revised
No full textPhysiological and health demands of Formula 1 motor racing:a comprehensive review with driver performance coach insight
No full textThere is a need to better understand the specific demands and characteristics of Formula 1 (eg, high accelerations/decelerations, environmental stress) to optimise driver performance and health; however, data are scarce and much of the knowledge is held within the sport by the teams, drivers and the drivers' Performance Coaches. This review combined all relevant published research data available for motor car drivers (considering what is known regarding the neuromuscular and strength characteristics (6 articles), and the metabolic, cardiovascular and thermoregulatory responses (19 articles)) with novel data collected using structured interviews with three elite Formula 1 Performance Coaches. The limited data suggest that Formula 1 drivers are not especially exceptional when it comes to aerobic fitness, stature or body mass, but there are some sport-specific adaptations, most notably augmented neck strength. Short-term and long-term interventions are routinely undertaken to minimise the risks associated with the g-forces (eg, neck strength straining) and thermal stress (eg, heat acclimation, precooling and per-cooling) experienced, but much of these strategies are based on experience and anecdotal evidence rather than data. The Performance Coaches highlighted discrepancies between the published data and their applied practice and provided insight on several aspects related to driver health and performance, including the greatest stressors and how drivers prepare for g-forces, heat, jetlag, travel and nutritional constraints. The Performance Coaches also identified key areas that should be further addressed in future studies related to maintaining driver health (eg, the unknown impact of porpoising on lower back injury risk).</p
Utilizing epistemic safe spaces through artwork to amplify dulled voices in initial teacher education in England
No full textEdge Driven Trust Aware Threat Detection for IoT Enabled Intelligent Transportation Systems
No full textWireless communication and the Internet of Things (IoT) are integrated for the formulation of an emerging Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) for the interaction of vehicles and to enhance road safety. The emerging network manages the traffic flow, real-time data analytics, and resource control for the development of urban transportation systems and smart cities. Extensive research has been conducted on the development of efficient routing response time for the IoT-ITS environment; however, the rapid changes in the network topologies still lead to unmanageable congestion and communication holes. Moreover, it is also often threatened due to high urban mobility and incurs additional transmission with excessive overhead. Such concepts are not able to maintain secure interactions among vehicles and expose confidential data to malicious devices while interacting on unpredictable channels. This research proposes a trust-aware edge-assisted model to secure the vehicular network and offers a more reliable system with optimal routing performance. The global trust model is maintained based on network conditions using localized computing and attaining data privacy and coherence. Furthermore, a blockchain ledger is included along with trust to ensure tamper-proof and transparent computing across the boundaries of the IoT-ITS environment. The proposed model is compared with Graph-Based Trust-Enabled Routing (GBTR) and Bacteria for Aging Optimization Algorithm (BFOA), and the results revealed significant performance for network throughput by 50% and 62.5%, end-to-end delay by 33.3% and 37.5%, routing overhead by 34% and 38.7%, and false positive rate by 67.9% and 68.5% over the dynamic network infrastructure
Energy-efficient threat detection in IoT healthcare using AI and blockchain-enhanced fog–cloud architecture
Full text linkIntrusion detection in Internet of Things (IoT) networks, particularly in healthcare settings, poses critical challenges due to latency constraints, limited resources, and the need for trustworthy auditing in distributed environments. Centralized detection models often fail to deliver timely or scalable responses under real-world IoT conditions. This study proposes a hybrid fog–cloud architecture tailored for healthcare-oriented IoT threat detection, incorporating blockchain-based auditability. The architecture utilizes fog- and cloud-level XGBoost classifiers trained on BoT-IoT and ToN-IoT datasets, with SMOTE applied to mitigate class imbalance. A lightweight blockchain module is integrated at the fog layer to log predictions in real-time for tamper-evident traceability. Simulations were performed using 50 fog-predicted events to evaluate performance, energy usage, and blockchain entropy. The system achieved an average block creation time of under 20 ms with minimal CPU and memory overhead. It also demonstrated robustness against tampering, preserving data integrity. The fog-level model achieved competitive metrics (AUC = 1, F1-score = 98.70%, Accuracy = 99.80%) compared to the cloud model, while outperforming it in terms of response latency and localized decision-making. The proposed blockchain-integrated fog–cloud framework enables secure, low-latency, and scalable threat detection for healthcare IoT systems, offering a promising foundation for privacy-aware edge intelligence
How Students in Developing Economies Navigate Economic Hardship Through Conditional Informal-Necessity Entrepreneurial Bricolage
Full text linkThis paper examines how and why student entrepreneurs in developing economies engage in informal, necessity-based entrepreneurship while pursuing their education. Developing economies face unique challenges, including high rates of youth unemployment, poverty, informality, and limited resources. This paper investigates entrepreneurial bricolage and frugal business models by which students engage in entrepreneurship to navigate economic hardship. An exploratory qualitative approach based on interviews with 18 student entrepreneurs in Nigeria was the preferred research method. The qualitative research is grounded in the principles of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis and Gioia’s thematic methodology, which enable qualitative rigor and an “inductive approach. By defining and framing the first-order concepts and second-order themes from the qualitative data, the thematic findings revealed the nature of self-employment, side hustles, frugality, and bricolage innovations associated with student entrepreneurship. The findings enable us to conceptually frame conditional entrepreneurial bricolage (CEB), which describes the frugal, innovative process by which students in developing economies establish informal necessity enterprises as a primary source of income, a side income, or an alternative to employment. Student entrepreneurs rely on informal learning, low-cost resources, cheap products, improvisation, and social networks to sustain their ventures. This paper contributes to an understanding of student entrepreneurship, conditional entrepreneurship, and frugal innovation in the context of developing economies. This study identifies essential elements of informal necessity entrepreneurship and proposes future avenues for advancing knowledge on student entrepreneurship, bricolage, and frugal business model innovations. © 2026, Emerald Insight. This is an author produced version of a paper published in International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research uploaded in accordance with the publisher’s self- archiving policy. The final published version (version of record) is available online at the link. Some minor differences between this version and the final published version may remain. We suggest you refer to the final published version should you wish to cite from it