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Does model type influence the effectiveness of combined action observation and motor imagery training for novices learning an Ankle Pick takedown?
No full textIntroduction: Combined action observation and motor imagery (AOMI) training has been shown to facilitate motor skill performance, but limited research has explored its effectiveness on motor learning and factors that may moderate the effects of the intervention. This study examined the influence of model type on the effectiveness of AOMI training for novices learning an Ankle Pick takedown. Methods: Twenty-eight novice participants (M = 28.07 ± 7.29 years) were randomly assigned to a control condition (n = 8), or to AOMI training that displayed footage of a self-model (AOMISELF; n = 10) or other-model (AOMIOTHER; n = 10). All training conditions included physical practice. A motor learning design incorporating pre-test (Day 1), acquisition (Days 2–6), post-test (Day 7), and retention-test (Day 14) was utilized. Motor skill performance, self-efficacy and mental representation structures were recorded as measures of learning. Results: There were no significant differences between the training conditions across all twelve kinematics measures of motor skill performance. Self-efficacy scores increased for all training conditions over time. Both the AOMIOTHER and Control conditions led to improved functional changes in mental representation structures while the structures for the AOMISELF condition became less similar to the reference structure over time. Discussion: Collectively, the largely null findings (n = 13, 92.86%) suggest that physical practice has the strongest influence on motor adaptations for this complex motor skill at these early stages of learning. However, the findings also suggest model type may be an important factor for novices using AOMI training. It is recommended that future research explores alternative modeling approaches, such as mixed-modeling incorporating both self- and other- footage, when designing AOMI interventions for sport
Phubbed and Furious: Narcissists’ Responses to Perceived Partner Phubbing
No full textWe conducted a diary study to examine how narcissism influences reactions to daily perceived partner phubbing (N = 196). We examined relationships between two facets of narcissism (rivalry and admiration) and personal and relational well-being, reactions to phubbing, reports of retaliation, and motives for retaliation. On average, participants higher in rivalry reported lower self-esteem and higher depressed and anxious mood, whilst participants higher in admiration reported greater relationship satisfaction, higher self-esteem, lower depressed and anxious mood, and lower levels of anger/frustration. These patterns held regardless of whether they were phubbed or not. In response to partner phubbing, participants higher in rivalry reported, on average, greater curiosity, resentment, conflict, and retaliation. On days when participants reported higher phubbing, those with higher rivalry reported greater curiosity, while those higher in admiration reported greater conflict. When retaliating to phubbing, those higher in rivalry did so, on average, to get back at their partner and to seek support and approval from others, whereas those higher in admiration were less likely to report boredom as a reason for retaliating. Our findings contribute to the sparse literature on narcissism and phubbing by showing how narcissists respond to being phubbed. We discuss how phubbing may exacerbate their relational difficulties
Navigating Relationships with GenAI Chatbots: User Attitudes, Acceptability, and Potential
No full textDespite the growing adoption of GenAI chatbots in health and well-being contexts, little is known about public attitudes toward their use for relationship support or the factors shaping acceptance and effectiveness. This study aims to address the research gap across three studies. Study 1 involved five focus groups with 30 young people to gauge general attitudes toward GenAI chatbots in relationship contexts. Study 2 evaluated user experiences during a single relationship intervention session with 20 participants. Study 3 quantitatively measured changes in attitudes toward GenAI chatbots and online interventions among 260 participants, assessed before, immediately after, and two weeks following their interaction with a GenAI chatbot or a writing task. Three main themes emerged in Studies 1 and 2: Accessible First-Line Treatment, Artificial Advice for Human Connection, and Internet Archive. Additionally, Study 1 revealed themes of Privacy vs. Openness and Are We in a Black Mirror Episode?, while Study 2 uncovered themes of Exceeding Expectations and Supporting Neurodivergence. The Study 3 results indicated that GenAI chatbot interactions led to reduced effort expectancy and short-term effects in increased acceptance and decreased objections to GenAI chatbots, though these effects were not sustained at a two-week follow-up. Both intervention types improved general attitudes toward online interventions, suggesting that exposure can enhance the uptake of digital health tools. This research underscores the evolving role of GenAI chatbots in augmenting therapeutic practices, highlighting their potential for personalized, accessible, and effective relationship interventions in the digital age
A qualitative systematic review protocol for a synthesis of teachers’ and learners’ experiences with the Teaching and Learning Toolkit
No full textThe best available evidence on educational strategies should inform the decision-making of teachers, policy-makers, and other stakeholders in the field of education. The Teaching and Learning Toolkit created by the UK-based Education Endowment Foundation (EEF Toolkit) is recognized as one of the most important tools providing information on effectiveness, costs, and certainty of evidence for 30 education strategies. However, the latest version of the EEF Toolkit from 2021 does not provide information on users’ experience with the strategies. Therefore, we selected the 10 most effective strategies and designed a protocol for a qualitative systematic review to summarize the experiences of teachers/learners (aged 3–18 years) with these selected strategies in the context of schooling. All stages of this systematic review will be conducted and reported in line with JBI methodology and PRISMA 2020 statement. The search will be carried out in following information sources: APA PsycINFO (EBSCOhost), PubMed (NLM), ERIC (EBSCOhost), SocINDEX with Full Text (EBSCOhost), Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCOhost), Web of Science Core Collection (Clarivate Analytics), Scopus (Elsevier), ProQuest Central (ProQuest), OpenDissertations (EBSCOhost), ProQuest & Dissertation Theses (Clarivate Analytics), and Google Scholar (Google). The selection of relevant studies, critical appraisal, data extraction and synthesis will be conducted by two independent reviewers. The ConQual approach will be used to assess the certainty of evidence of all synthetized findings
Diet and mental health in school-aged children: a mini review of school-based dietary intervention studies
No full textSchool-based dietary interventions are implemented to improve health outcomes in children and adolescents, yet their impact on mental health and wellbeing remains underexplored. This mini-review synthesized findings from seventeen interventions assessing behavioral functioning and mental health symptoms in children (6–12 years) or adolescents (13–18 years). Most studies were conducted across multiple sites, enabling recruitment of large, diverse populations. More studies were conducted in children compared to adolescents. Behavioral outcomes such as hyperactivity, inattention, and oppositional behavior were commonly assessed in younger children via parent or teacher reports, while adolescent studies more frequently measured mental health symptoms, including depression and anxiety, through self-report. Supplementation, particularly in the context of nutrient deficiencies, was associated with modest improvements in behavioral functioning in children and mental health symptoms in adolescents. However, outcomes varied by the assessor (parent or teacher), and some studies showed placebo effects. In contrast, food reformulation interventions showed no significant impact on mental health outcomes. Despite the use of validated tools, methodological limitations, and variation in participants’ nutritional status limit interpretation. Overall, school-based dietary interventions show potential to improve mental health by reaching large, diverse populations. Further research is needed using standardized, age-appropriate measures and incorporating assessment of nutritional status to understand how diet can support and improve mental health in children and adolescents
Comparative Effectiveness of Human- and Robot-Based Interventions in Increasing Empathy Among Autistic Children
Get PDFExploring the impacts of employee-based blockchain adoption on supply chain finance and operational performance
No full textComputer-Vision- and Edge-Enabled Real-Time Assistance Framework for Visually Impaired Persons with LPWAN Emergency Signaling
Get PDFIn recent decades, various assistive technologies have emerged to support visually impaired individuals. However, there remains a gap in terms of solutions that provide efficient, universal, and real-time capabilities by combining robust object detection, robust communication, continuous data processing, and emergency signaling in dynamic environments. In many existing systems, trade-offs are made in range, latency, or reliability when applied in changing outdoor or indoor scenarios. In this study, we propose a comprehensive framework specifically tailored for visually impaired people, integrating computer vision, edge computing, and a dual-channel communication architecture including low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technology. The system utilizes the YOLOv5 deep-learning model for the real-time detection of obstacles, paths, and assistive tools (such as the white cane) with high performance: precision 0.988, recall 0.969, and mAP 0.985. Implementation of edge-computing devices is introduced to offload computational load from central servers, enabling fast local processing and decision-making. The communications subsystem uses Wi-Fi as the primary link, while a LoRaWAN channel acts as a fail-safe emergency alert network. An IoT-based panic button is incorporated to transmit immediate location-tagged alerts, enabling rapid response by authorities or caregivers. The experimental results demonstrate the system’s low latency and reliable operations under varied real-world conditions, indicating significant potential to improve independent mobility and quality of life for visually impaired people. The proposed solution offers cost-effective and scalable architecture suitable for deployment in complex and challenging environments where real-time assistance is essential
Analysing President Abdelfattah El-Sisi's Personas and Speeches in the Context of Persona Studies
No full textThe Politics of Unpaid Labour:How the study of unpaid labour can help address inequality in precarious work
No full textThe book’s object is to address inequality in precarious work by an approach examining the ‘politics’ of unpaid labour, delving into the complex interplay of power dynamics and policies which influence how unpaid labour is valued, distributed and recognised in society. Therefore, the ‘politics’ refer to the dynamics and policies surrounding its occurrence and the extent to which individuals sustain it: ‘who benefits of unpaid labour and who sustains it’. Our approach to unpaid labour is specific to paid work within labour markets, looking at the meanings and motivations people attribute to it. We also explore how unpaid labour is sustained, with social reproductive labour as one important resource