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Spirituality in early childhood pedagogy: a Froebelian lens on the role of women in a Chinese context
No full textFrierich Froebel (1840:49) holds that the three conditions of educational training as ‘one undivided unity’ include ‘woman’s heart and woman’s life,’ ‘intimate union with genuine loving care of children’ and ‘true sense of communion with God’. Religious thinking in connection with Christianity as central to Froebelian philosophy has been observed by generations of Froebelians. The chapter examines the place of free thinking and argues for the placement of spirituality as a natural human predisposition that transcends religious-secular boundaries. The chapter focuses on spirituality in early childhood pedaogy via a Froebelian lens on women’s role in the Chinese context. The chapter demonstrates that Froebel’s concept of Unity has clear links to women educators‘ practices of supporting children’s spiritual development by addressing the importance of children’s engagement with nature through play in contemporary China. This chapter illustrates that a Froebelian lens opens up space for early childhood educators to nurture children’s spiritual development in the 21st century
Corruption, Tax Evasion, and the Distortion of Justice: Global Challenges and International Responses
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A qualitative insight into the experiences of naturists perceived stigma of naturism
No full textNaturism has been gaining the interest of scholars as the numbers of those engaging in this behavior continue to grow. There is anecdotal evidence to suggest that individuals who engage in naturism are being stigmatized. However, current research on this topic is limited and outdated. Furthermore, there are no previous empirical studies that have explored the experiences of individuals who engage in naturism and the perceived stigma surrounding it. The present study addresses this gap in the limited available literature on naturism. Ten participants were recruited via a convenience sampling method for this qualitative investigation. Rich and detailed data were collected using online semi-structured interviews to explore the experiences of naturists and the perceived stigma associated with engagement in this behavior. Four themes emerged from a reflective thematic analysis of the collected data: Naturist identity; Naturist community; Social acceptance; In the eyes of the outsiders. The participants’ discourse suggests that naturists experience high levels of perceived stigma and live their naturist identity behind closed doors. The findings of the present study can be utilized as a platform in which to generate more research on the experiences of individuals who engage in naturism and to further identify factors related to the perceived stigma attached to this behavior
The perfect storm: a meta-ethnography of the motivations, behaviours, and experiences of competitive bodybuilders
No full textStudies investigating competitive bodybuilding have primarily done so from a pathologizing perspective, and have often considered aspects of the competitive bodybuilding lifestyle in isolation, therefore overlooking the broader motivations underlying individuals’ engagement in the sport. The current study addressed these limitations by using a meta-ethnographic approach to review the existing competitive bodybuilding literature as a collective. Synthesis of 20 published studies relating to competitive bodybuilders’ motivations, behaviours, and experiences resulted in the construction of five third-order constructs: a journey of self-discovery and improvement, gaining a new identity, enacting control, conditional and unconditional social support, and decisional balance. Encapsulated as a ‘perfect storm’, the results offer novel conceptual understanding of how the interplay of personality traits, life experiences, and situational factors drive competitors to begin and maintain their participation in competitive bodybuilding, the social support they experience, and the role of control in competitors’ motivations, harm management, and justificatory processes. From an applied perspective, the study has implications in terms of both support provision and harm management
Ant-colony optimization for automating test model generation in model transformation testing
Get PDFIn model transformation (MT) testing, test data generation is of key importance. However, test suites are not available out of the box, and existing approaches to generate them require to provide not only the metamodel to which the models must conform, but some other domain-specific artifacts. For instance, an MT developer aiming to perform an incremental implementation of an MT may need to count on a quality test suite from the very beginning, even before all MT requirements are clear, only having the metamodels as input. We propose a black-box approach for the generation of test models where only the input metamodel of the MT is available. We propose an Ant-Colony Optimization algorithm for the search of test models satisfying the objectives of maximizing internal diversity and maximizing external diversity. We provide a tool prototype that implements this approach and generates the models in the well-established XMI interchange format. A comparison study with state-of-the-art frameworks shows that models are generated in reasonable times with low memory consumption. We empirically demonstrate the adequacy of our approach to generate effective test models, obtaining an overall mutation score above 80% from an evaluation with more than 5000 MT mutants
Politicians, experts, and patient representatives call for the UK government to reverse the rate of antidepressant prescribing
No full textCamouflage, resistance and resilience in Iran: from Jafar Panahi to Panah Panahi
No full textThere is a fine balance between a veil which hides the deceitful communication strategy and a meaningful strategy. Camouflage is never a mere imitation according to Roger Caillois. Panah Panahi continues the strategies of camouflage his renowned father Jafar Panahi put in place, as an act of resistance and resilience in Iran, working within a strait jacket and under the veil of darkness. How does one free themself from ‘the name of their father’? If not by accepting the heritage, yet offering a new version of this camouflage? Shifting the political road movie or candid child topoi to a more existential semi-autobiographical exploration of sociological camouflages such as the polite etiquette known in farsi as taarof, “Hit the road”(2022) suggests more than revels the many lies, cheatings, disguises, hidings, self-effacements resulting from the Iranian contemporary society in which alluding is an act of survival.In such absurd context, how should the new generation continue to act and react? Is “Hit the Road” resulting from the same cinematic taarof based on allegory, parables from his father’s first films, or based on radical intellectual parody from his latest films? Can Panah Panahi reconciliate both strategies to offer a new type of film built on the camouflage strategy itself? Can the cinematic disguise of camouflage acting as the art of trompe-l’oeil continue to be a source of creative resilience and resistance for the new generation of Iranians