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Optimization and re-operation of the fission fragment spectrometer VERDI
No full textThe VElocity foR Direct particle Identification (VERDI) spectrometer is a FF detection instrument based on the double-energy double-velocity (2E-2v) method. The aim is to determine fission fragment yield distributions with a mass resolution of at least \u1d434∕Δ\u1d434 = 100. VERDI features two time-of-flight (TOF) sections, each equipped with a micro-channel plate (MCP) for fission time determination and up to 31 passivated implanted planar silicon (PIPS) detectors for fragment time-of-flight (TOF) and energy measurement. We report on improvements in the data acquisition and the technical performance of our time pickup and energy detectionJRC.G.II.6 - Nuclear Data and Measurement Standard
Assessing sustainability trade-offs through life cycle thinking: introducing conservation agriculture in Mediterranean carbon farming systems
No full textThe environmental impacts of farming are central in sustainable food system discussions, as current practices often harm soils, water, biodiversity, and ecosystem health. Carbon farming has emerged as a promising strategy, improving soil health, increasing organic carbon, and supporting profitability. However, Life Cycle Assessment has limitations in capturing agriculture's multifunctional roles, prompting the integration of socio-economic analyses. This study uses Life Cycle Thinking (LCT) methods to assess the environmental, economic, and social aspects of Conservation Agriculture, specifically testing camelina [Camelina Sativa (L.) Crantz] as a cash-cover crop in Mediterranean dryland systems. Across eight case studies, findings suggest that conservation practices and camelina introduction can enhance biodiversity, soil health, and farmer incomes, while reducing environmental costs and creating sustainable market opportunities for oilseeds. Despite potential trade-offs, such as increased input costs and nitrous oxide emissions, policy recommendations are provided to support sustainable practices, with LCT frameworks guiding resilience in Mediterranean agriculture.JRC.D.3 - Land Resources and Supply Chain Assessment
Sustainable development and transformative resilience: a two-way link
No full textThis chapter outlines the dynamic leading societies towards a sustainable development in case of shocks, structural changes and transitions. By decomposing key societal components and assigning a function to households, individuals and institutions, it integrates all the elements to show a complex system characterized by non-linearities and tipping points, with the goal to shape societal well-being for the current and future generations. In this perspective, resilience is intertwined with sustainability as it represents the ability to cope towards distress and to find the right balance between absorption, adaptation and transformation abilities such as to stay or go towards a sustainable development path.
Resilience is not always an inner ability, but it can be developed and sustained through policy interventions, to enhance capacities and reduce vulnerabilities. Prevention, preparation, protection, promotion and transformation measures can steer countries, as well as individuals and companies, towards the sustainable pattern. When shocks occur, transformative resilience is key to allow our society to “bounce forward” (and not “back”) towards a better and more sustainable development path. The chapter brings some concrete examples of resilience measures adopted by the European Union (EU) over the last years.JRC.B.1 - Economic and Financial Resilienc
Interoperability of CAP intervention identifiers
Full text link- In line with CAP reporting obligations, Member States provide the European Commission with datasets on various aspects of agriculture. If these data sources are combined, they could provide a comprehensive overview of European agriculture, supporting ongoing efforts to promote simplification and innovation. This requires interoperable datasets with a consistent use of identifiers to connect them to each other.
- We used a simple case study to investigate the level of harmonisation of CAP intervention identifiers from four datasets collected as part of the IACS quality assessments. We found that small differences like spelling and formatting prevent interoperability.
- To prevent these issues arising again in future, we have identified possible actions: providing better instructions on the format and content of the data that Member States should provide to the European Commission; integrating quality check tools into the data submission procedures; and improving the integration of different CAP-related databases and processes within each paying agency.
- The results of this simple case study analysis could also inform interoperability assessments of more complex European agricultural data.JRC.D.5 - Food Securit
The CIPHER project (from blind spot to insight)
Full text linkA short leaflet summarizing the progress of the CIPHER projectJRC.B.1 - Economic and Financial Resilienc
Scaling green innovation
Full text linkThis report summarises the outcomes of an expert workshop on scaling green innovation in support of the EU green transition. Bringing together practitioners, policymakers, researchers, and innovators, the workshop explored barriers and enablers across six key domains: finance, social equity, knowledge systems, technology, regulation, and governance. The working tables were organized according to five key transition domains, namely bioeconomy, circular economy, clean and affordable energy, climate-neutral and resilient cities, net-zero industry.
Discussions revealed that innovation is often not hindered by a lack of ideas, but by systemic misalignments, institutional inertia, and fragmented policy landscapes. Participants highlighted the importance of enabling environments that combine long-term direction, adaptive regulation, and collaborative infrastructures. The report introduces a fourfold scaling typology — deep, out, up, and big — to capture the multi-dimensional nature of transformation and proposes cross-cutting policy levers to support systemic change. Emphasising the role of policy as a platform rather than a constraint, the findings call for a next generation of governance that is participatory, flexible, and capable of translating ambition into action.JRC.D.3 - Sustainable Supply Chains and Bioeconom
The Onshore Wind Potential of the EU and Neighbouring Countries
Full text linkThis is the second edition of a report on Europe’s feasible technical onshore wind energy potential at high geographical resolution. Additional spatial constraints such as road and grid vicinity limit the potential to realistic locations where a wind park could be accessed and connected without the need for large-scale infrastructure investment. The findings show that a large proportion of Europe’s onshore wind potential is still untapped and wind can continue to play a central role in the decarbonisation of Europe’s energy system. It also finds that policy decisions on setback distances have a significant impact on the available potential.
The JRC ENSPRESO 2 dataset builds on the original ENSPRESO project (ENergy Systems Potential Renewable Energy SOurces) which concluded in 2018. The updated version operates at a high resolution of 1 km2 , incorporating newly available wind energy datasets and reflecting recent technological advances in wind energy technology, research and practices. ENSPRESO 2 therefore enables policymakers and energy planners to make up-to-date, spatially informed decisions about onshore wind energy deployment.JRC.C.7 - Energy Transition Insights for Polic
Coastal flood impacts and lost ecosystem services along Europe’s outermost regions and overseas countries and territories
No full textClimate change is expected to result in rising seas, exacerbating coastal floods and erosion. Remote islands are projected to be among the most challenged regions, due to their geographic isolation and fragile economies. While, Small Island Developing States have been attracting the attention of scientists and policy makers, Europe’s Outermost Regions (ORs) and Overseas Countries and Territories (OCTs) remain poorly studied in terms of their impacts from Sea Level Rise (SLR). Here we carry out a data-modelling framework to comprehensively study risks of flooding, the submergence of flat regions, and coastal erosion along coastlines of ORs and OCTs. Our study shows that under a high emissions scenario by 2150 annually nearly 3000 km2 is expected to be flooded, one third of which by tidal flooding, while 150 km2 of land will be lost by coastal erosion. This translates into an annual exposure to coastal inundation of up to half a million of people and an economic damage of 5.9 € billion per year - a 40-fold increase from today. Our study shows the increasing benefits in time of stringent climate mitigation, which could nearly halve these impacts in the long run. However, sea levels will continue to rise long after net zero carbon is reached, and so will the consequent impacts, highlighting the critical importance of proactive efforts to increase the resilience of these vulnerable regions against rising seas.JRC.C.6 - Economics of Climate Change, Energy and Transpor
Co-creation and deliberative processes: A deep dive for public administrations
Full text linkThis coursebook is offered as support to the advanced level training on citizen engagement processes for public administrations at local, regional and national level. The coursebook covers knowledge-based as well as practical learnings about designing, implementing and following-up on participatory processes such as based on co-creation and deliberative techniques. It is organised into ten modules, each one providing a tailored combination of knowledge inputs, learning objectives and case studies that will support future trainees in their learning experience.JRC.S.2 - Science for Democracy, Public Governance and Administratio
Addressing poverty in the EU
Full text linkThis report was prepared as a support to the definition of the first EU Anti-poverty strategy, announced in the 2024-2029 Political Guidelines of the European Commission . It brings in one place key concepts from multiple scientific disciplines around the notion of poverty, and insights on policies that may reduce poverty in high income countries.
Poverty is an extremely complex problem. A huge amount of research has addressed it, usually along multiple disciplinary lines. Making sense of such knowledge may represent a daunting challenge for policymakers. The report aims to facilitate the effort by providing a concise “digest” that combines findings from different disciplines, in a policy-oriented way.JRC.S - Innovation in Science and Policymakin