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Mental health symptom profiles and temporal trends in Dutch young people's social and emotional wellbeing and suicidality, 2017–2023
Get PDFIntroduction: Mental health problems in young people have been increasing. Identifying profiles of several mental health symptoms, is important to better identify potential at-risk groups and tailor appropriate preventive interventions. Methods: Data was collected among 8213 young people (2017–2023) who visited the online self-help platform mindmasters.nl. Latent profile analysis classified individuals based on symptoms of substance abuse, eating disorders, psychosis, and history of suicidal thoughts and behaviours (STBs). Temporal trends in social and emotional wellbeing (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)), and in STBs were estimated for the overall study population and for each identified profile. Results: Four symptom profiles were revealed among young people: (1) relatively mentally (55.1 %); (2) young people with primarily substance use problems (7.4 %); (3) elevated severity of symptoms of psychosis, eating disorders and history of self-harm and suicidal ideation, but without history of suicide attempt (27.9 %); and (4) the highest severity of symptoms of psychosis, eating disorders, and STBs, including prior suicide attempts (9.6 %). Worsening overall temporal trends for various social and emotional wellbeing indicators were driven by specific profiles: emotional and peer problems particularly increased among individuals in Profile 2, while the increase in behavioural problems was driven by those in Profile 4. Incident suicidality increased primarily among those with previous suicide attempts. Conclusion: Overall increases over time in various social and emotional wellbeing indicators and STBs were driven by individuals with specific symptom profiles. Taking these profiles into account could improve screening for at-risk groups and foster more personalised, data-driven mental health care and prevention. published_or_final_versio
A Multifunctional Binder for Current-Collector-Free Zn Powder Anodes
No full textCompared with commonly used Zn foil anodes, Zn powder (ZP) anodes offer superior versatility and processability. However, in aqueous electrolytes, dendrite growth and side reactions, such as corrosion and hydrogen evolution, become more severe in ZP anodes than those in Zn foil anodes because of the rough surfaces and high surface areas of ZP, leading to poor reversibility and limitations in high-loading mass cathodes. In this study, a diisocyanate-polytetrahydrofuran-dihydrazide polymer (DDP) binder is developed, inspired by protein structures. The strong Zn2+ adsorption capability of the binder effectively regulates Zn2+ flux, while its unique hydrogen-bond arrays facilitate the formation of a free-standing ZP anode and inhibit side reactions. The binder exhibits superior mechanical performance, providing ZP electrodes with excellent resistance to various mechanical stresses, including tensile, nanoindentation, scratch, and dynamic bending tests. ZP symmetric cells achieve stable cycling at capacities of 2 and 5 mAh cm−2. In addition, DDP functions as an iodine cathode, effectively mitigating the polyiodide shuttle effect. The fabricated ZP/DDP||I2/DDP full cells demonstrate an excellent rate capability and cycling stability, even under a high-loading conditions. This study presents a novel approach for preparing stable ZP anodes and iodine cathodes, offering a promising strategy for large-scale applications.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
Unraveling the Diversity of the Storage Mechanism in Carbonyl Materials toward Different Metal Ions
No full textDue to their structural diversity, environmental friendliness, and resource renewability, organic electroactive compounds are versatile hosts for the energy storage of different metal ions. However, the consistency and variety of the energy storage performance and mechanism for the designed organic electrode materials in aqueous electrolytes toward different metal ions have rarely been researched. Here, one type of organic material integrated with anhydride and imide groups was designed and studied in detail. Among the two functional groups, the anhydride carbonyl groups were found to be the dominant contributors during the initial discharge step due to the higher binding energy toward the different metal ions, while the imides were responsible for the second-step coordination with monovalent metal ions. With the increment of the valence of guest metal ions, the activity of the imides decreased and became nearly inactive for the storage of aluminum ions. On the contrary, the anhydride carbonyl groups were always active for the storage of various metal ions and became the capacity contributors when the valence of the metal ions increased. Moreover, similar energy storage behaviors and close potentials were detected during the first discharge step for these different metal ions.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
Carbon Nanotubes for Rechargeable Na/Cl2 Batteries
No full textRechargeable Na/Cl2 batteries were developed for the first time using multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) positive electrodes in SOCl2-based electrolytes. At room temperature, these batteries delivered high cycling specific capacities up to 3500 mA h g-1 (normalized to CNT mass) with ∼3.9 V discharge voltage at up to 2 C rates over >140 cycles. In situ Raman spectroscopy experiments combined with real-time optical microscopy imaging revealed reversible formation and reduction of SCl2 and S2Cl2 species during battery operation, responsible for the additional plateaus to the main Cl-/Cl2 redox reactions. Cryo-TEM revealed NaCl nanocrystals inside the hollow inner space of CNTs through battery cycling, suggesting Cl-/Cl2 redox reactions reaching hollow CNTs likely through defects and open ends on MWCNTs. High-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) mapping revealed Cl uniformly distributed along CNTs in the charged state, suggesting CNTs as a novel carbon material to host Cl-/Cl2 redox and store chlorine for reversible conversion between NaCl and Cl2 and battery rechargeability.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
Pathways to Realize High-Energy Density Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries
No full textThe transition to renewable energy is hindered by the intermittency of sources like solar and wind, necessitating advanced energy storage solutions. Aqueous redox flow batteries (ARFBs) have emerged as a promising technology for long-duration, grid-scale energy storage due to their advantages in safety, scalability, and independent tunability of power and energy capacities. Enhancing energy density is crucial for reducing system costs and facilitating large-scale deployment. In this review, key parameters and strategies for boosting the energy density of ARFBs are summarized, including optimizing material solubility and electron-transfer capabilities, developing novel redox pairs, and improving system design to reduce polarization losses. Despite significant progress, challenges remain—such as developing suitable materials, the optimal matching of electrodes, electrolytes, and membranes, and scaling systems for industrial applications. Advanced characterization tools, AI-driven simulations, and continued research on new materials and system engineering will be essential for overcoming these barriers. With ongoing innovation, ARFBs hold tremendous promise of substantially contributing to the integration of renewable energy.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
Bridging the tumor microenvironment: the pivotal role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in tumor cachexia development
No full textTumor cachexia represents a complex and multifaceted metabolic syndrome that profoundly affects the quality of life and survival rates of individuals. It is highly prevalent in advanced cancer patients and is characterized by severe weight loss, muscle wasting, and systemic inflammation. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is pivotal in cancer formation and progression, where cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) emerge as significant contributors. CAFs are a major component of the TME, and their interactions with tumor cells and other stromal elements contribute to various aspects of cancer biology, including tumor growth, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. Importantly, CAFs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of tumor cachexia through their ability to modulate inflammation, metabolic reprogramming, and immune responses. Given the intricate interplay between the TME, CAFs, and cachexia, understanding the mechanisms underlying these interactions is essential for developing effective therapeutic strategies to mitigate cachexia and improve patient outcomes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the roles of CAFs within the TME during cancer progression and the development of cachexia, highlighting the potential for targeting CAFs as a novel therapeutic approach.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
Advanced Eutectic Materials for Energy Storage: Ionic Liquids, Molten Salts, Deep Eutectic Solvents, Alloys, and Organic Cocrystals
No full textEutectic materials are versatile for energy storage and conversion due to their tunable composition, depressed melting temperatures, and enhanced ionic conductivity. This review surveys recent developments in eutectic materials, including ionic liquids, molten salts, deep eutectic solvents, alloy materials, and organic cocrystals. The fundamental parameters that dictate eutectic performance, including phase diagram control, component ratios, and thermal stability are analyzed, and its advantages in various aspects of application are summarized. This review concludes with some outlooks for developing energy storage using eutectic materials.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
Designing Zwitterionic Bottlebrush Polymers to Enable Long-Cycling Quasi-Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries
No full textIonogel polymer electrolyte (IPE), incorporating ionic liquid (IL) within a polymer matrix, presents a promising avenue for safe quasi-solid-state lithium metal batteries. However, sluggish Li+ kinetics, resulting from the formation of [Li(anion)n]−(n−1) clusters and the occupation of Li+ transport sites by organic cations, limit their practical applications. In this study, we have developed zwitterionic bottlebrush polymers-based IPE with promoted Li+ conduction by employing poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate)-grafted poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-chlorotrifluoroethylene) (PVC-g-PSBMA) bottlebrushes as matrices of IL. The grafted zwitterionic side chains greatly facilitate the dissociation of [Li(anion)n]−(n−1) clusters to produce more movable Li+. Moreover, the positively charged −NR4+ groups in zwitterionic side chains effectively restrain anions migration, while the negatively charged −SO3− groups immobilize IL cations, preventing them from occupying Li+ hopping sites and reducing the energy barrier for Li+ migration. These synergistic effects contribute to a notable ionic conductivity (7.5×10−4 S cm−1) and Li+ transference number (0.62) of PVC-g-PSBMA IPE at 25 °C. As a result, PVC-g-PSBMA IPE enables ultralong-term (over 6500 h) reversible and stable Li plating/stripping in Li||Li symmetric cells. Remarkably, the assembled Li||LiFePO4 full batteries demonstrate unprecedented cycling stability of more than 2000 cycles with a superior capacity retention of 93.7 %.link_to_subscribed_fulltex