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Dai Zhen
No full textDai Zhen 戴震 (1724–1777), also known by his courtesy name Dai Dongyuan 戴東原, was a highly accomplished scholar of the Qianlong-Jiaqing era of the Qing dynasty. His expertise encompassed a wide range of fields, including philology, phonology, mathematics, astronomy, ancient institutions, geography, chorography, and philosophy. Although his contributions to other disciplines were recognized during his lifetime, his philosophy was not widely acknowledged. Despite this, his ideas significantly influenced philosophically-minded interpreters of the Confucian Analects and the Mencius, notably Jiao Xun 焦循 (1763–1820), who frequently referenced Dai’s works in his influential book, Mengzi Zhengyi 孟子正義 (The Correct Meaning of the Mencius). In the early twentieth century, prominent intellectuals such as Zhang Taiyan 章太炎 (1869–1936), Liu Shipei 劉師培 (1884–1919), Liang Qichao 梁啟超 (1873–1929), and Hu Shi 胡適 (1891–1962) revived interest in Dai’s ideas. Since then, Dai has been widely regarded as the premier ethical, psychological, and metaphysical thinker of the mid-Qing dynasty.</p
Is it possible to apply a paralleling technique to different ethnicities in Hong Kong?
No full textObjectives: This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of a paralleling technique in dental patients in Hong Kong via cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Methods: We analyzed CBCT images of 28 patients who underwent CBCT examination at Prince Philip Dental Hospital between March 2016 and July 2021. Overall, 136 teeth were studied. We created an 8 mm-thick reconstructed maximum intensity projection image to show each subject tooth, traced them with the surrounding structures, such as the hard palate and the buccal skin surface of the maxilla, and measured various parameters for determining the tooth length and palatal height. We also considered the applicability of the parallel technique. Results: We successfully measured the parameters with excellent intra- and inter-observer reliability indices. The results revealed that the applicability of this technique was not feasible. These results were similar to those of a previous study. Only two periapical radiographs showed distorted shapes and inconsistent root lengths. Conclusions: Using CBCT image analysis, this study clarified that the paralleling technique is not applicable even for patients in Hong Kong. Clinicians should note that the paralleling technique is not strictly a paralleling method and may lead to image distortion
The Effectiveness of Instant Messaging-Based Interventions on Health Behavior Change: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textBackground: Instant messaging-based applications are increasingly used to deliver interventions designed to promote health behavior change. However, the effectiveness of these interventions has not been evaluated. Aims: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of instant messaging-based interventions on health behavior change, addressing a gap in the literature regarding the impact of instant messaging on various health behaviors. Methods: We conducted comprehensive searches of six electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, CINAHL Plus, and Web of Science) from their inception until July 2024, utilizing terms related to health behavior and instant messaging. Two authors independently screened studies and extracted data. Randomized controlled trials published in English that investigated the effects of instant messaging-based interventions on health behavior change, including physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, diet/nutrition, cancer screening, smoking cessation, and alcohol consumption were included. We used the revised Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tool to assess the quality of the studies. Results: Fifty-seven randomized controlled trials published between 2014 and 2024 were included. The results showed that compared with the control groups, instant messaging-based interventions had statistically significant differences in physical activity (SMD = 0.52, 95% CI [0.21, 0.83], p < 0.001) and sleep (SMD = −0.93, 95% CI [−1.44, −0.42], p < 0.001). It also significantly impacted smoking cessation (OR = 1.88, 95% CI [1.28, 2.7], p < 0.001). However, it did not influence sedentary behavior (SMD = 0.25, 95% CI [−0.24, 0.74], p = 0.01) or diet/nutrition (SMD = 0.01, 95% CI [−0.31, 0.34], p < 0.001). Linking Evidence to Action: Instant messaging-based interventions are promising in enhancing health behavior change, including physical activity, sleep, and smoking cessation. Leveraging real-time communication and multimedia content can improve patient engagement and intervention effectiveness.</p
From First Draft to Final Insight: A Multi-agent Approach for Feedback Generation
Get PDFProducing large volumes of high-quality, timely feedback poses significant challenges to instructors. To address this issue, automation technologies—particularly Large Language Models (LLMs)—show great potential. However, current LLM-based research still shows room for improvement in terms of feedback quality. Our study proposed a multi-agent approach performing “generation, evaluation, and regeneration” (G-E-RG) to further enhance feedback quality. In the first-generation phase, six methods were adopted, combining three feedback theoretical frameworks and two prompt methods: zero-shot and retrieval-augmented generation with chain-of-thought (RAG_CoT). The results indicated that, compared to first-round feedback, G-E-RG significantly improved final feedback across six methods for most dimensions. Specifically:(1) Evaluation accuracy for six methods increased by 3.36% to 12.98% (p preprin
ObjectGS: Object-aware Scene Reconstruction and Scene Understanding via Gaussian Splatting
No full text3D Gaussian Splatting is renowned for its high-fidelity reconstructions and real-time novel view synthesis, yet its lack of semantic understanding limits object-level perception. In this work, we propose ObjectGS, an object-aware framework that unifies 3D scene reconstruction with semantic understanding. Instead of treating the scene as a unified whole, ObjectGS models individual objects as local anchors that generate neural Gaussians and share object IDs, enabling precise object-level reconstruction. During training, we dynamically grow or prune these anchors and optimize their features, while a one-hot ID encoding with a classification loss enforces clear semantic constraints. We show through extensive experiments that ObjectGS not only outperforms state-of-the-art methods on open-vocabulary and panoptic segmentation tasks, but also integrates seamlessly with applications like mesh extraction and scene editing.</p
A clinico-genomic prognostic model for primary myelodysplastic neoplasm in Asia
Get PDFA personalized prognostic model that takes into account the unique molecular features of primary myelodysplastic neoplasm (MDS) in Asia patients is lacking. Diagnostic clinicopathologic features, cytogenetic changes, and gene mutations of ethnic Asian patients with primary MDS were analyzed. Variables were evaluated for associations with overall survival (OS), leukemia-free survival (LFS), and time to progression to secondary AML (TTP-sAML). Prognostic scores were built as a weighted sum of prognostic variables for each patient. The cohort comprised 1225 patients, with at least one gene mutation identified in 1177 patients (96%). Genomic factors associated with inferior outcomes included monosomy 7, del(5q), and GNAS and TP53 mutations for OS; trisomy 19, del(5q), monosomy 7, and GNAS, PTPN11 and TP53 mutations for LFS; and i(17q), del(5q), and NPM1, NRAS, GNAS, IDH2, SF3B1 and RUNX1 mutations for TTP-sAML. The Asian Prognostic Scoring System (APSS) was determined, stratifying patients into six prognostic risk categories. The APSS, compared with the International Prognostic Scoring System molecular (IPSS-M), showed superior concordance indices (C-indices) for OS (0.73 versus 0.57), LFS (0.72 versus 0.59), and TTP-sAML (0.75 versus 0.65) for this Asian cohort. In conclusion, the APSS enhanced prognostication of primary MDS in Asia.published_or_final_versio
The prediction of student wellbeing and flourishing from university learning experiences
No full textPromoting Student-teachers’ Multicultural Awareness through Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) in Teacher Education – Lessons Learnt
No full textDue to technological advancements, COIL has emerged as an increasingly adopted approach to international exchange in higher education. It facilitates the learning of L2 language/subject knowledge and promotes multicultural awareness through deep cross-board collaboration. This paper reports on the COIL experiences of two cohorts of MA(TESOL) students (n=85/70) in a core module, English Language Teaching Methodology, offered by two universities, one in Hong Kong and the other in the UK. This COIL is a joint initiative to broaden the multilingual student-teachers’ repertoire of TESOL methodological practices, strengthen their multicultural competencies and sharpen their collaboration skills. With micro-teaching as the shared goal, they engage in collaborative lesson planning and material design, peer feedback, video annotation and joint reflections through various synchronous/asynchronous activities.Adopting an action research framework, the teacher-educators sought ways to leverage the student-teachers’ COIL experiences in two cycles (12 weeks each). Data were collected via web-based interactions in spoken and written forms, artefacts of the student-teachers’ work (lesson plans/teaching materials), video-recorded teaching practice, questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and observational notes. Despite several challenges, the findings reveal the student-teachers’ notable pedagogical gains and personal growth. The paper highlights the strategies that were found to work to good effect in heightening their multicultural awareness, fostering professional exchanges and peer learning in the target language, and honing their communication/collaboration skills. It concludes by discussing how COIL activities can be strategically devised and implemented using a task-based approach, how learner autonomy can be advocated, and how combining synchronous/asynchronous methods can enhance multicultural awareness.published_or_final_versio
