6809 research outputs found
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A Survey over Low-Level Security Issues in Heavy Duty Vehicles
No full textThis is the era of open architectures, fleet management systems, remote support and other advanced features that can mean added value against competitors in heavy-duty vehicles industry. The need for security measures has emerged for In-Vehicle networks to avoid and prevent a number of issues, which become relevant with the increase of connectivity of such networks. A deep knowledge of the security problems, methodologies and possible solutions has been developed in the IT field, but there are significant differences in the application requirements and the network itself, when it comes to heavy- duty machines, specifically time-triggered communication and network throughput. Although researchers are overtaking network constrains with the recent research on the use of high-speed networks such as Ethernet instead of the classic CAN bus, security issues still remain a major constraint. The basic issues can be identified with an appropriate attacker model, which will be used to identify some security threats, proposing existing solutions and the challenges that they pose. In particular, in this paper we propose solutions for specific security threats, and compare their outcome both for the low-speed CAN and high-speed Ethernet networks, with emphasis on the authentication, integrity and encryption solutions
Internetopoli: an app to discover the Internet
No full textThe present paper deals with the application ?Internetopoli?, an app developed by the ?Ludoteca del Registro.it?(http://www.ludotecaregistro.it) of the Institute of Informatics and Telematics of the CNR in Pisa, with the aim of teaching children a safer and more responsible use of the InternetL\u27articolo ? stato presentato per la poster session alla conferenza internazionale "The future of Educatoon", tenutasi a Firenze il 30 giugno e 1 Luglio 2016
Enhanced copy number variants detection from whole-exome sequencing data using EXCAVATOR2
No full textCopy Number Variants (CNVs) are structural rear- rangements contributing to phenotypic variation that have been proved to be associated with many dis- ease states. Over the last years, the identification of CNVs from whole-exome sequencing (WES) data has become a common practice for research and clinical purpose and, consequently, the demand for more and more efficient and accurate methods has increased. In this paper, we demonstrate that more than 30% of WES data map outside the targeted re- gions and that these reads, usually discarded, can be exploited to enhance the identification of CNVs from WES experiments. Here, we present EXCAVATOR2, the first read count based tool that exploits all the reads produced by WES experiments to detect CNVs with a genome-wide resolution. To evaluate the per- formance of our novel tool we use it for analysing two WES data sets, a population data set sequenced by the 1000 Genomes Project and a tumor data set made of bladder cancer samples. The results obtained from these analyses demonstrate that EXCAVATOR2 out- performs other four state-of-the-art methods and that our combined approach enlarge the spectrum of detectable CNVs from WES data with an unprece- dented resolution
Predictability or Early Warning: Using Social Media in Modern Emergency Response
No full textThe achievement of reliable results in the critical field of social media emergency management involves designing a system based on past disasters and then thoroughly testing it against future ones, which requires a great deal of effort and time. Meanwhile, current societal and environmental challenges, such as climate change, are bound to cause more frequent and more severe disasters. Thus, globally we must increase scientific and technological efforts in this direction, because it?s destined to be of crucial importance for years to come
Reassessing Inflectional Regularity in Modern Greek Conjugation
No full textParadigm-based approaches to word pro-cessing/learning assume that word forms are not acquired in isolation, but through associative relations linking members of the same word family (e.g. a paradigm, or a set of forms filling the same paradigm cell). Principles of correlative learning offer a set of dynamic equations that are key to modelling this complex dynamic at a considerable level of detail. We use these dynamic equations to simulate acquisition of Modern Greek conjugation, and we compare the results with evidence from German and Italian. Simulations show that different Greek verb classes are processed and acquired differentially, depending on their degrees of formal transparency and predictability. We relate these results to psycholinguistic evidence on Modern Greek word pro-cessing, and interpret our findings as supporting a view of the mental lexicon as an emergent integrative system.Secondo l\u27approccio paradigmatico allo studio dell\u27elaborazione e dell\u27apprendimento lessicali, le parole di una lingua non sono acquisite in isolamento, ma at-traverso legami associativi tra membri della stessa famiglia morfologica, la cui dinamica ? modellata dalle equazioni dell\u27apprendimento correlativo. Il presente contributo offre una serie di esperimenti nei quali l\u27apprendimento del sistema verbale del greco moderno ? simulato come un processo di auto-organizzazione dinamica di parole memorizzate in modo concorrente. I risultati mostrano chiari effetti di interazione dinamica tra trasparenza e regolarit? morfologica nell\u27acquisizione di classi di forme del verbo greco
A proposito di acqua: la newsletter del CNR Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi di Verbania Pallanza
No full textNo abstract availableIl livello del Lago Maggiore: alcune osservazioni; L\u27acqua nelle Alte Terre: una giornata all\u27ISE per parlare di montagna e di acqua; Alla scoperta della Crypta Baldi: antichi strumenti in mostra; Curiosit? dall\u27Archivio Storico: 1943, l\u27Olocausto del Lago Maggiore; In ricordo di Ettore Grimald
Redundancy in the ecological assessment of lakes: are phytoplankton, macrophytes and phytobenthos all necessary?
No full textAlthough the Water Framework Directive specifies that macrophytes and phytobenthos should be used for the ecological assessment of lakes and rivers, practice varieswidely throughout the EU.Most countries have separate methods for macrophytes and phytobenthos in rivers; however, the situation is very different for lakes. Here, 16 countries do not have dedicated phytobenthos methods, some include filamentous algaewithin macrophyte survey methods whilst others use diatoms as proxies for phytobenthos. The most widely-cited justification for not having a dedicated phytobenthos method is redundancy, i.e. that macrophyte and phytoplankton assessments alone are sufficient to detect nutrient impacts. Evidence from those European Union Member States that have dedicated phytobenthos methods supports this for high level overviews of lake condition and classification; however, there are a number of situations where phytobenthos may contribute valuable information for the management of lakes
Designing Socially Assistive Robot (SAR) for Cognitive Child-Robot Interaction (CCRI) with Autism Spectrum Disorder - The Case of "+Me"
No full textNo abstract availabl
Goal-Directed Behavior and Instrumental Devaluation: A Neural System-Level Computational Model
No full textDevaluation is the key experimental paradigm used to demonstrate the presence of instrumental behaviors guided by goals in mammals. We propose a neural system-level computational model to address the question of which brain mechanisms allow the current value of rewards to control instrumental actions. The model pivots on and shows the computational soundness of the hypothesis for which the internal representation of instrumental manipulanda (e.g., levers) activate the representation of rewards (or "action-outcomes", e.g., foods) while attributing to them a value which depends on the current internal state of the animal (e.g., satiation for some but not all foods). The model also proposes an initial hypothesis of the integrated system of key brain components supporting this process and allowing the recalled outcomes to bias action selection: (a) the sub-system formed by the basolateral amygdala and insular cortex acquiring the manipulanda-outcomes associations and attributing the current value to the outcomes; (b) three basal ganglia-cortical loops selecting respectively goals, associative sensory representations, and actions; (c) the cortico-cortical and striato-nigro-striatal neural pathways supporting the selection, and selection learning, of actions based on habits and goals. The model reproduces and explains the results of several devaluation experiments carried out with control rats and rats with pre- and post-training lesions of the basolateral amygdala, the nucleus accumbens core, the prelimbic cortex, and the dorso-medial striatum. The results support the soundness of the hypotheses of the model and show its capacity to integrate, at the system-level, the operations of the key brain structures underlying devaluation. Based on its hypotheses and predictions, the model also represents an operational framework to support the design and analysis of new experiments on the motivational aspects of goal-directed behavior
Predicting the transition from normal aging to Alzheimer\u27s Disease: a statistical mechanistic evaluation of FDG-PET data
No full textThe assessment of the degree of order of brainmetabolism bymeans of a statisticalmechanistic approach applied to FDG-PET, allowed us to characterize healthy subjects as well as patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u27s Disease (AD). The intensity signals from 24 volumes of interest were submitted to principal component analysis (PCA) giving rise to a major first principal component whose eigenvalue was a reliable cumulative index of order. This index linearly decreased from 77 to 44% going from normal aging to AD patients with intermediate conditions between these values (r =0.96, p b 0.001). Bootstrap analysis confirmed the statistical significance of the results. The progressive detachment of different brain regions from the first component was assessed, allowing for a purely data driven reconstruction of already known maximally affected areas. Wedemonstrated for the first time the reliability of a single global index of order in discriminating groups of cognitively impaired patients with different clinical outcome. The second relevant finding was the identification of clusters of regions relevant to AD pathology progressively separating fromthe first principal component through different stages of cognitive impairment, including patients cognitively impaired but not converted to AD. This paved the way to the quantitative assessment of the functional networking status in individual patients