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Tropical Zoology
No full textTropical Zoology is an international journal publishing original papers in the fields of experimental and descriptive zoology concerning tropical areas, with particular attention to the Afrotropical Region. Review papers are welcome. A book review is included. As a rule, the yearly volume comprises four on-line and two printed issues
I laghi profondi subalpini: dalla ricerca alla gestione
No full textNot availableI laghi profondi subalpini (Maggiore, Orta, Lugano, Como, Iseo e Garda) sono la pi? importante riserva d\u27acqua dolce del Paese, costituendo l\u2785% del volume totale disponibile. Sono ecosistemi tra i pi? sensibili ai cambiamenti globali e preziosa riserva di biodiversit? da custodire e tutelare. La conferenza "I laghi profondi subalpini: dalla ricerca alla gestione" ha rappresentato un\u27occasione per presentare i risultati degli studi pi? recenti e le presenti criticit? di questi importanti ecosistemi, in un confronto tra protagonisti di diversi Enti di Ricerca e degli Enti deputati alla gestione e alla tutela di questa vitale risors
D5.1: Definition of the conditions for guided aircraft ditching tests
No full textIn this report the conditions that will be used for the aircraft ditching tests to be performed at CNR-INSEAN are presented. According to what planned in the original proposal and subsequent discussions within the consortium, four different test typologies will be considered, which correspond to the four tasks of the WP5. Namely they will be conducted on: double curvature rigid specimen, single curvature aircraft-like structure, thin flat plates and scaled fuselage with dynamic pitch. The main features of the shapes and of the structures to be used in the test campaign as well as some aspects concerning with the instrumentation are provided together with the test matrix
Creating a safe operating space for wetlands in a changing climate
No full textMany of the world\u27s wetlands may be profoundly affected by climate change over the coming decades. Although wetland managers may have little control over the causes of climate change, they can help to counteract its effects through local measures. This is because direct anthropogenic impacts, such as water extraction and nutrient loading, work in concert with climate change to damage wetlands. Control of these local stressors may therefore ameliorate undesired effects of climate change, such as a shift towards dominance by invasive floating plants, increasingly frequent cyanobacteria blooms, or extinction of key species. Using the iconic Do?ana wetlands in Spain as a case study, we illustrate how the concept of creating a "safe operating space" may be implemented to better ensure that ecosystems do not surpass thresholds for collapse during an era of global change
Nascita e sviluppi della limnologia alpina
No full textNot availableLa nascita della limnologia si fa risalire convenzionalmente alla pubblicazione del trattato di Fran?ois Alphonse Forel sul Lago Lemano, tra il 1892 e il 1904. Tuttavia, ? evidente che una nuova disciplina scientifica non nasce per lo sforzo di un solo ricercatore, ma per l\u27attivit? comune di un gruppo di pionieri. Infatti, alla fine del 1800 erano attivi in tutta Europa diversi ricercatori che, adattando alle acque dolci le tecniche sviluppate per lo studio pionieristico del mare, contribuirono alla nascita della limnologia
Effect of sonication on the nutrient digestibility of Chlorella sorokiniana in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
No full textDespite the growing interest in microalgae as sustainable sources of nutrients in complete feeds and recent findings indicating their good potential as a bulk feedstuff for formulated aquafeeds, their dietary inclusion, even at low level, often implies declining nutrient and energy availability in carnivorous fish species (Sorensen et al., 2016; Kousulaki et al., 2015; Tibaldi et al., 2015; Tulli et al., 2012; Burr et al., 2011). A possible adverse role of microalgae cell wall structure and composition on nutrient availability has been hypothesized by different authors. This study was carried out to test sonication as a possible post production cell wall disruption technique to increase the digestibility of Chlorella sorokiniana freeze dried biomass in rainbow trout
Cyanobacteria during low-wind summers indicate increased lake sensitivity to warming at high nutrient availability (Tiefer See, NE Germany)
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Earth observation for monitoring and mapping of cyanobacteria blooms. Case studies on five Italian lakes
No full textCyanobacterial blooms occur in many parts of the world as a result of entirely natural causes or human activity. Due to their negative effects on water resources, efforts are made to monitor cyanobacteria dynamics. This study discusses the contribution of remote sensing methods for mapping cyanobacterial blooms in lakes in northern Italy. Semi-empirical approaches were used to flag scum and cyanobacteria and spectral inversion of bio-optical models was adopted to retrieve chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations. Landsat-8 OLI data provided us both the spatial distribution of Chl-a concentrations in a small eutrophic lake and the patchy distribution of scum in Lake Como. ENVISAT MERIS time series collected from 2003 to 2011 enabled the identification of dates when cyanobacterial blooms affected water quality in three small meso-eutrophic lakes in the same region. On average, algal blooms occurred in the three lakes for about 5 days a year, typically in late summer and early autumn. A suite of hyperspectral sensors on air- and space-borne platforms was used to map Chl-a concentrations in the productive waters of the Mantua lakes, finding values in the range of 20 to 100 mgm-3. The present findings were obtained by applying state of the art of methods applied to remote sensing data. Further research will focus on improving the accuracy of cyanobacteria mapping and adapting the algorithms to the new-generation of satellite sensors
For a performance-oriented notion of regularity in inflection: the case of Modern Greek conjugation
No full textParadigm-based approaches to word processing/learning assume that word forms are not acquired in isolation, but through associative relations linking members of the same word family (e.g. a paradigm, or a set of forms ?lling the same paradigm cell). Principles of correlative learning offer a set of equations that are key to modelling this complex dynamic at a considerable level of detail. We use these equations to simulate acquisition of Modern Greek conjugation,and we compare the results with evidence from German and Italian. Simulations show that different Greek verb classes are processed and acquired differentially, as a function of their degrees of formal transparency and predictability. We relate these results to psycholinguistic evidence of Modern Greek word processing, and interpret our ?ndings as supporting a view of the mental lexicon as an emergent integrative system.Secondo l\u27approccio paradigmatico allo studio dell\u27elaborazione e dell\u27apprendimento lessicali, le parole di una lingua non sono acquisite in isolamento, ma attraverso legami associativi tra membri della stessa famiglia morfologica, la cui dinamica ? modellata dalle equazioni dell\u27apprendimento correlativo. Il presente contributo offre una serie di esperimenti nei quali l\u27apprendimento del sistema verbale del greco moderno ? simulato come un processo di auto-organizzazione dinamica di parole memorizzate in modo concorrente. I risultati mostrano chiari effetti di interazione dinamica tra trasparenza e regolarit? morfologica nell\u27acquisizione di classi di forme del verbo greco
The impact of reconstruction and scanner characterisation on the diagnostic capability of a normal database for [123I]FP-CIT SPECT imaging
No full textBackground: The use of a normal database for [123I]FP-CIT SPECT imaging has been found to be helpful for cases which are difficult to interpret by visual assessment alone, and to improve reproducibility in scan interpretation. The aim of this study was to assess whether the use of different tomographic reconstructions affects the performance of a normal [123I]FP-CIT SPECT database and also whether systems benefit from a system characterisation before a database is used. Seventy-seven [123I]FP-CIT SPECT studies from two sites and with 3-year clinical follow-up were assessed quantitatively for scan normality using the ENC-DAT normal database obtained in well-documented healthy subjects. Patient and normal data were reconstructed with iterative reconstruction with correction for attenuation, scatter and septal penetration (ACSC), the same reconstruction without corrections (IRNC), and filtered backprojection (FBP) with data quantified using small volume-of-interest (VOI) (BRASS) and large VOI (Southampton) analysis methods. Test performance was assessed with and without system characterisation, using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis for age-independent data and using sensitivity/specificity analysis with age-matched normal values. The clinical diagnosis at follow-up was used as the standard of truth. Results: There were no significant differences in the age-independent quantitative assessment of scan normality across reconstructions, system characterisation and quantitative methods (ROC AUC 0.866-0.924). With BRASS quantification, there were no significant differences between the values of sensitivity (67.4-83.7%) or specificity (79.4-91.2%) across all reconstruction and calibration strategies. However, the Southampton method showed significant differences in sensitivity between ACSC (90.7%) vs IRNC (76.7%) and FBP (67.4%) reconstructions with calibration. Sensitivity using ACSC reconstruction with this method was also significantly better with calibration than without calibration (65.1%). Specificity using the Southampton method was unchanged across reconstruction and calibration choices (82.4-88.2%). Conclusions: The ability of a normal [123I]FP-CIT SPECT database to assess clinical scan normality is equivalent across all reconstruction, system characterisation, and quantification strategies using BRASS quantification. However, when using the Southampton quantification method, performance is sensitive to the reconstruction and calibration strategy used