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Implementation of Transformative SEL Standards for Preparing Future Educators: A Case Study
Get PDFDespite two decades of research on positive impacts of social and emotional learning (SEL), many teachers feel underprepared to support their students’ SEL. The purpose of this qualitative study is to describe the efforts of several of Oregon’s Educator Preparation Programs (EPPs) to conceptualize and carry out implementation of Oregon’s SEL standards to better support future teachers. We explored how EPPs across Oregon are addressing these new standards with interviews of four institutional representatives who are members of The Oregon Collaborative for SEL in Educator Preparation (OCSEP). The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with implementing SEL state standards for EPPs and how to better support SEL standard implementation moving forward. The paper concludes with suggestions for future directions for SEL standards in educator preparation, emphasizing the need for ongoing evaluation, refinement, and adaptation to different teacher preparation contexts. Challenges and obstacles encountered during the implementation process are discussed
Tiered Clinician Vaccine Communication Strategy to Improve Childhood Vaccine Uptake: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.
Get PDFNo experimental studies to date have tested the effectiveness of clinician communication strategies to improve vaccine uptake among children of parents with negative vaccine attitudes
The Impact of COVID-19 on the United States Higher Education System
Get PDFIn the spring of 2020, colleges across the United States rapidly transitioned to online/remote learning during the COVID-19 global pandemic. Since then, online and remote learning have evolved into an integral component of higher education. This thesis examines the extent to which COVID-19-mandated remote and online learning impacted students pursuing higher education in the United States. By utilizing research that compares academic structures before and after the pandemic, I demonstrate how the shift to online and remote learning has changed teaching and learning methods. I also evaluate the impact of these changes on student performance and engagement, with particular focus on how the transition disproportionately affected underrepresented student groups. In analyzing these developments, this thesis identifies both positive and negative effects of COVID-19 remote education and explores its lasting influence on teaching and learning in U.S. higher education
Temporal Modeling and Forecasting of Blood Glucose Dynamics in Individuals With Diabetes Mellitus
Get PDFPeople living with Diabetes Mellitus face significant health risks, including an increased likelihood of heart disease, stroke, and fluctuations in blood glucose levels. The unpredictable nature of glucose levels can lead to dangerous conditions such as ketoacidosis and hypoglycemia. This study employs advanced time series analysis tools to forecast the glucose levels for an individual diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Indigenous Science and the Legacy of Fire: Resilience, Fuels, Mosaics, and Eco-cultural Landscapes in Oregon’s Coastal and Cascade Range
Get PDFMost of Oregon\u27s western Cascade and Coastal range is a landscape that has historically been considered devoid of mid to low-intensity fires by Western science. However, for time immemorial, Indigenous peoples have been stewarding the forests through the use of good fire, creating diverse and heterogenous landscapes with mixed fire regimes, ranging from less than a decade to several centuries since the last fire, resulting in a mosaic of patchy forest, oak savannas, prairies, and wetlands. Yet centuries of Indigenous displacement, cultural assimilation, and suppression of cultural burning contributed to this prevailing belief. Despite that, in recent decades, Western scientists have begun researching fire in these ecosystems and have reported higher fire activity than previously thought, but still fail to incorporate Indigenous science and perspectives, leaving vital ways of knowing out of the conversation. This study aims to integrate Indigenous and Western Ways of Knowing through a case study of the historic fire regimes, shaped by Indigenous cultural burning, of Oregon\u27s wet forests, to better inform present and future management practices, while centering Indigenous Ways of Knowing. Accordingly, this paper focuses on four major factors of Indigenous fire stewardship within this region: a) forest resilience, b) fire within wet forests, c) presence of landscape mosaics, and d) creating eco-cultural landscapes. This analysis is conducted through a literature review of the historical fire regimes of Oregon\u27s wet forests, Indigenous Traditional Ecological Knowledge (ITECK) practices specific to the region, and an examination of how the change in land use due to colonization has impacted historical fire regimes
Evaluating The Elder Justice Act: Challenges In Funding, Implementation, And Coalition Dynamics
Get PDFThe Elder Justice Act (EJA) was a significant policy that passed in 2010 as part of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The goal of the EJA was to provide public health and social service programs for preventing, detecting, and treating elder abuse. Due to limited federal discretionary spending, most programs authorized under the Elder Justice Act have not been fully funded or implemented as intended.
The paper seeks to answer this research question: What has caused the limited funding and implementation of the Elder Justice Act, and what role have coalitions played? It analyzes the factors that have contributed to the lack of funding and implementation of the EJA, and it reviews existing literature on the topic to contribute to the analysis. The EJA is evaluated based on policy evaluation criteria such as effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and appropriateness to understand what the EJA accomplished. The Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) is also applied to better understand the context and influences affecting the EJA, particularly the long-term interactions between coalition groups surrounding federal protection for the elderly. The ACF is used to understand why policymakers may have taken the path they did as opposed to others. The paper will conclude with my recommendations for improving the EJA by addressing the gaps in funding, implementation, and coordination. These recommendations can help elder justice advocacy groups by giving them more information and solutions to help solve this problem. They can also help policymakers create more effective protections for the elderly, ensuring that vulnerable populations receive the care and protection they need
Access to Healthcare for Rural Transgender Adults in the United States
Get PDFUrban and rural healthcare differ significantly in the amount of facilities, providers and kinds of specialty care that are offered in each environment. The United States is split into urban and rural counties in any given region, and based on those population sizes, are the allocation of healthcare resources for residents. In rural areas in the U.S., transgender adults lack access to gender-affirming care and encounter a lack of gender-affirming care providers due to workforce shortages, discrimination, and a lack of cultural competency. To determine if these residents lacked access to care compared with their urban counterparts, I performed a narrative comparison of two counties in Oregon - Multnomah and Hood River - on six topics - the number of hospitals in each county, the number of physicians, the number of primary care physicians, the number of general surgeons, the number of OBGYN\u27s, and the number of gender-affirming care providers. Data sources for this project include summary statistics from independent research completed at the Williams Institute of UCLA, Health Policy and Research, as well as various academic journals, articles and letters. Findings include that rural counties lack access to gender-affirming care providers for transgender adults and that rural counties have less gender-affirming care providers compared to urban counties. These differences are due to workforce shortages, a lack of specialty care providers in rural counties, and less infrastructural support for transgender adults in rural environments. In conclusion, transgender adults in the United States do not have reliable healthcare in rural counties
Penicillin: The Burdensome Physiology of β-Lactamase
Get PDFThis thesis is a literature review investigating the effects of overusing penicillin and the nonadherence to proper treatment on the evolutionary changes in a bacterium\u27s resistance. Drawing upon the history, present, and future of penicillin research, the examination analyzes how penicillin came to be, how bacteria developed their resistance, and how scientists are combating this issue. In doing so, the study investigates the historical timeline regarding the discovery of penicillin as an antibiotic. Furthermore, the review will examine the scientific changes within a bacterium\u27s physiology to develop its antibiotic resistance. Finally, the review will delve into what scientists are currently researching to battle this resistance, in which scientists have discovered the use of β-lactamase inhibitors in combination with penicillin as a β-lactam antibiotic
So Who Gets To Be Modern? Jadidism and Reform in Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century Russia
Get PDFJadidism was a sociocultural reformist project from the 1880s to 1920s developed by Muslim intellectuals in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union. The Jadidist movement derives its name from the new-method (usul-al Jadid) schools that spread Jadid pedagogy, which revolved around the inclusion of secular topics and Western knowledge as well as instruction in local, Tatar, and Russian languages, in addition to the already present religious studies accompanied by Arabic and Persian taught in the Islamic educational institutions the maktab and madrasa (primary and higher education respectively). Over time Jadidism grew to encompass a host of societal reforms advocating for women’s emancipation, and greater participation of Muslims in the Russian political sphere. To achieve their agenda of complete societal renewal for Russia’s Muslims, Jadids often collaborated with the Imperial Russian and later the Soviet governments. Conversely, the Jadids conflicted with the Russian or Soviet state at times, when the state saw their movement as a threat. Jadids depicted themselves as the main oppositional force to outdated aspects of Muslim society like the ulama (the collective body of Islamic scholars). The Jadid strategy included cultivating the Muslim youth in their new-method schools, utilizing the printing press to reach and influence those in power, using the theater for performing didactic stories that exhorted their co-religionists to support reform, and turning to mass mobilization and political organization to gain popular backing in the post-1905 era of political upheaval
How Do Montessori-Based Activities Affect Behaviors for Older People with Dementia: A Literature Review
Get PDFObjectives: This literature review is meant to analyze the development on the research on Montessori-based activities for adults with dementia.
Introduction: Baby Boomers are the largest generation to enter senior age (65+) in history due to the advancement in medicine to increase life expectancy. Dementia is a neurocognitive disease that affects parts of the brain related to memory and signs typically surface around 65 years old. Dementia is not considered healthy aging. Montessori-based activities have been recently developed as an intervention to encourage a feeling of accomplishment and success for adults with dementia.
Methods: Two electronic databases (MEDLINE, PubMed) were searched to find systematic reviews published in English that evaluated potential benefits of Montessori-based activities for adults with dementia.
Results: The search revealed 25 articles, including two systematic reviews that were selected. Mahendra et al. (2006) reviewed five studies that evaluated outcomes for 74 adults with mild-severe dementia in long-term care units or daycare programs. Findings demonstrated benefits of Montessori interventions on task performance, cognitive performance, active engagement, social interaction, and affect compared to controls. Yan et al. (2023) reviewed 15 studies that included 885 adults with dementia. They found that engagement, feeding, mental health, and ADLs/QOL showed varying levels of improvement after using the Montessori-based activities intervention.
Discussion: Both articles sought to evaluate the efficacy of Montessori-based activities for adults with dementia. Adults with dementia in residential care and day program facilities showed improvements in engagement and overall mood while engaging in Montessori-based activities. Limited evidence supports the combined benefits of Montessori-based activities with Spaced Retrieval to support feeding and nutrition. There was no strong evidence of improvement in activities of daily living or quality of life for adults with dementia.
Conclusion: Both studies demonstrated increased engagement and mental health for adults with dementia. Implications for implementing this intervention and future research are discussed