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Assessing the Impact of Anti-DEI Legislation in Florida: An Exploratory Study
Full text linkThe aim of this study determines what influence, if any, legislation aimed at censoring discussions and practices related to equity has on the ethical decision-making behavior of staff and faculty at a regional university within the state of Florida. Using inductive analysis, themes related to how one navigates profession-based ethics, political pressures, and personal ethics in higher education work will be evaluated. This contributes to the field of administrative ethics by exploring how ideology-based political pressure and direct legislative intervention on the bureaucracy impacts the practice of promoting social equity within public administration; and how an individual balances competing ethical authorities in a highly politicized environment
Accelerating High-Throughput Phonon Calculations via Machine Learning Universal Potentials
Full text linkPhonons play a critical role in determining various material properties, but conventional methods for phonon calculations are computationally intensive, limiting their broad applicability. In this study, we present an approach to accelerate high-throughput harmonic phonon calculations using machine learning universal potentials (MLIPs) combined with an efficient training dataset generation strategy. Instead of computing phonon properties from a large number of supercells with small atomic displacements of a single atom, our approach uses a smaller subset of supercell structures where all atoms are randomly displaced by 0.01 to 0.05 UŮ, significantly reducing computational costs. We train a state-of-the-art MLIP based on multi-atomic cluster expansion (MACE), on a comprehensive dataset of 2738 materials with 77 elements, totaling 15,670 supercell structures, computed using high-fidelity density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The trained model is validated against phonon calculations for a held-out subset of 384 materials, achieving a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.18 THz for vibrational frequencies from full phonon dispersions, 2.19 meV/atom for Helmholtz vibrational free energies at 300K, as well as a classification accuracy of 86.2% for dynamical stability of materials. A thermodynamic analysis of polymorphic stability in 126 systems demonstrates good agreement with DFT results at 300 K and 1000 K. In addition, the diverse and extensive high-quality DFT dataset curated in this study serves as a valuable resource for researchers to train and improve other machine learning interatomic potential models
Issue Cover Art: Homecoming Collage
Full text linkThis piece is a found poem/collage made from different magazine cut-outs glued onto red construction paper. What inspired its creation is the book Homegoing by Yaa Gyasi. In this book, Gyasi describes colonialism\u27s over 400-year impact on the continent of Africa, the Indigenous people to those lands, and their ancestors. She does this by writing a historical fiction story of a family that started in what is now considered current-day Ghana, taking place from the mid-1700s to the early 2000s. The family starts with the mother of two sisters, Maame, who leaves her first daughter (Effia) while her village is set on fire. After she runs away, she is captured by a new village, forced to be a warrior\u27s wife, and has his child (Esi). From this, Effia\u27s lineage stays in Africa and sees colonialism\u27s effects in-continent (primarily the Gold Coast area), while Esi\u27s lineage is captured, forced into slavery in North America, and sees colonialism\u27s effects on people in the United States. Throughout the book, the symbolism of fire is used for Effia\u27s lineage starting with the village she grows up in being on fire during her birth, and the symbolism of water for Esi\u27s as first seen with enslaved people being thrown (or throwing themselves) into the sea while on slave ships. The book\u27s telling of colonialism\u27s multi-generation impact, and its motifs of fire and water inspired me to make this piece
Rupert Raj’s Written Acts of Activism and Care Throughout the 1980s and 1990s
Full text linkIn researching acts of activism and care in Canadian queer and trans racialized history, I examined how Rupert Raj advocated and cared for other trans individuals through his writing in the 1980s and 1990s. He noticed that there were few publications for trans individuals so he created easily accessible methods to share vital information regarding research and support that would have otherwise been difficult to acquire. Raj’s writings shared vital transgender research, literature, and expertise from across the globe. He provided critical support to and for other trans men through his easily accessible publications and letters, serving as an information broker between the medical/psychological community and trans individuals and their loved ones. Through seeking out trans information around the world, creating a board of trans scholars, and sharing what he learned through his organizations and newsletters, Rupert Raj disseminated essential knowledge that allowed trans individuals to feel confident and safer. As best illustrated by the letters from and surrounding David Liebman, Raj’s activism nurtured an ostracized community
Forging Common Ground in Second Language Acquisition and Teaching: A Combined Synergy Statement
Full text linkIn this final article in this guest‐edited issue on synergies in second language acquisition and teaching (SLA/T), we attempt to bring together the main content of this issue in an overall, combined synergy statement, concluding this project as a whole. Let us remind readers of the project: A shared effort by 17 scholars taking 11 different perspectives on SLA/T is not the norm in our field. Our aim has been to promote the intermingling and cross‐pollination of ideas, on the conviction that such efforts are needed to promote a field that is more than simply the sum of its parts, which are quite dispersed. In this article, we take up the challenge of synergizing the synergies. Taking into account the group synergy statements (Articles 2–4 of this guest‐edited issue), we explore those areas where we find synergies, commensurabilities, and complementary insights based on cross‐pollination among a collection of scholars representing diverse perspectives on SLA/T
Primary Health Care: Strengthening Health Systems in Low- and Middle-income Countries
Full text linkIn recent decades, global health priorities have shifted away from promoting selective, donor-led interventions and towards the goal of strengthening primary health care systems in low- and middle-income countries. This project seeks to identify recommendations for and best practices of primary health care system development from the existing literature. A critical literature review was conducted using the Ovid-MEDLINE database to identify articles that focused on primary health care, included recommendations for health systems strengthening, and addressed low- and middle-income countries. Ultimately, 27 articles published between 2004 and 2019 were included in this review. Results suggest that important priorities for building and strengthening national primary health care systems include 1) collaboration with communities, multiple sectors of government, and private sector partners; 2) comprehensive integration of health services from well-trained providers within a national system; 3) special attention to balancing international aid with strong public sector leadership and support; and 4) a focus on equitable access for all, especially the most underserved populations
Exploring the Effect of the Architecture Morphology on Urban Ventilation at Block Scale Using CFD-GIS and Random Forest Combined Method
No full textUrban ventilation plays a crucial role in dispersing air pollutants and mitigating the urban heat island effect. As a key factor, urban architectural morphology can significantly impact the wind field and ventilation efficiency. This study combines Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Geographic Information System (GIS), and Random Forest (RF) methods to investigate the influence of architectural morphology on urban ventilation at the block scale. First, Remote Sensing (RS) and GIS were used to extract architectural morphology parameters. Second, CFD simulations, guided by in-situ observations, were conducted to model the wind field, with the Standard k-ɛ model validated as the optimal choice. Third, RF analysis was used to rank the importance of architectural morphology parameters on urban ventilation. The results show that architectural morphology has a substantial impact on ventilation, with Degree of Enclosure (DE), Building Coverage Ratio (BCR), Space Openness (SO), Floor Area Ratio (FAR), and Building Dispersion Ratio (BDR) identified as the most influential parameters, ranked in descending order of importance. This study provides valuable insights for enhancing urban wind environments through optimized architectural design at the block scale
Seabed Characterization Using Ambient Sound for a Range-Dependent Track in the New England Mud Patcha
Full text linkWind-generated, ocean ambient sound data were used to characterize seabed properties along a track in the New England Mud Patch. A 15-m vertical array, consisting of 16 hydrophones, collected ambient sound data across the 50–5000 Hz frequency band. The array drifted for 1 h, covering a 1.7 km track. Seabed characterization was performed using beamforming techniques, which limited the analysis to the 400–700 Hz band. Passive fathometer processing was applied to estimate the water–seabed interface and sub-bottom layering. Additionally, the data were used to estimate the power reflection coefficient, which was then used as input for a trans-dimensional geoacoustic inversion. The results showed the track had slight range dependence, which was evident in the layering structure. The estimated seabed properties—sound speed, density, and attenuation—were consistent along the track but also showed slight range-dependent variability
Quantum Finite Automaton Using Ternary Rotation Quantum Gates and Chrestenson Family Quantum Gates
Full text linkQuantum automata can solve certain problems with a smaller state space than classical automata. We developed a quantum finite automaton using ternary rotation quantum gates and the Chrestenson family of ternary quantum gates. The main idea of this paper is to show how to combine rotation ternary quantum circuit-based QuantumFinite Automaton and quantum reversible circuit-based Deterministic Finite Automaton to build a more powerful machine. The combined machine can enable more complex language and pattern recognition. The developed quantum finite automaton and resulting combined machine can be used for robotics applications such as language, gesture, and motion recognition
Working Paper No. 94, Franklin Roosevelt, His New Deal Policies, and The Ending of Laissez-faire
Full text linkThis inquiry seeks to establish that what were widely known and recognized as Franklin Roosevelt’s distinct ‘New Deal’ policies sought to offset some of the disruptive effects associated with the ending of Laissez-faire. Roosevelt’s upbringing, education, as well as his entry into the political sphere¾ starting out in New York State¾helped to shape the economic thinking that would later provide a foundation for what would become his New Deal policies advanced by his administration during the years of the Great Depression. Actions and policies indicative of Roosevelt’s policy thrust also align with arguments presented by the British economist, John Maynard Keynes, and that appeared in his 1926 essay The End of Laissez-faire. In this essay Keynes recognized and addressed conflicting interests of the public and private sectors