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Experiences of Support and Success for Students of Color in the Midwifery Educational Setting
No full textThe United States spends more on healthcare than any other developed country, yet perinatal health outcomes are among the worst, particularly for Black and Indigenous pregnant women and people. Structural and societal racism has contributed greatly to these inequities, and while a diverse perinatal healthcare workforce has the potential to mitigate the impact of pervasive racism, professions such as nurse-midwifery have evolved over time to be predominately white. The purpose of this study is to explore how students of color experience support and apply personal strategies for success in the midwifery educational setting. A basic qualitative study was done using thematic analysis to review data collected through previously-conducted surveys, interviews, and focus groups. Themes of communalism and resistance emerged, and students demonstrated strength and resilience in the face of a learning environment in which racism continues to exist. Insights into how midwifery education could be improved were also articulated by students. Students are the experts in the student experience and therefore, the recommendation is made that faculty midwives should commit to listening to students with the same dedication that they have traditionally vowed to listen to women and birthing people. A deeper understanding of the midwifery educational experience for students of color could lead to substantive change that has the potential to support a diverse midwifery workforce and ultimately, equity in perinatal outcomes for Black and Indigenous women and birthing people
Subspace and Auxiliary Space Preconditioners for High-Order Interior Penalty Discretizations in H(div)
No full textIn this paper, we construct and analyze preconditioners for the interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin discretization posed in the space H(div). These discretizations are used as one component in exactly divergence-free pressure-robust discretizations for the Stokes problem. Three preconditioners are presently considered: a subspace correction preconditioner using vertex patches and the lowest-order H1-conforming space as a coarse space, a fictitious space preconditioner using the degree-p discontinuous Galerkin space, and an auxiliary space preconditioner using the degree-(p − 1) discontinuous Galerkin space and a block Jacobi smoother. On certain classes of meshes, the subspace and fictitious space preconditioners result in provably well-conditioned systems, independent of the mesh size h, polynomial degree p, and penalty parameter η. All three preconditioners are shown to be robust with respect to h on general meshes, and numerical results indicate that the iteration counts grow only mildly with respect to p in the general case. Numerical examples illustrate the convergence properties of the preconditioners applied to structured and unstructured meshes. These solvers are used to construct block-diagonal preconditioners for the Stokes problem, which result in uniform convergence when used with MINRES
Heightened Risk: Childhood Trauma and Anticipatory Grief Exacerbate the Impact of Loneliness on Depressive Symptoms and Lps-Stimulated Cytokines in Dementia Caregivers
No full textDementia spousal caregivers are at a disproportionate risk for adverse mental and physical health outcomes. Loneliness is associated with depressive symptoms and proinflammatory cytokine production among caregivers. Additionally, childhood trauma, anticipatory grief, and poor sleep quality are all associated with enhanced stress reactivity. This study used a cross-sectional design to investigate whether loneliness is associated with proinflammatory cytokine production and depressive symptoms in caregivers, and whether these relationships are strongest among caregivers who report high levels of childhood trauma, high amounts of anticipatory grief, or poor sleep quality. A sample of 111 dementia spousal caregivers provided blood samples and completed self-report measures of loneliness, childhood trauma, anticipatory grief, depression, and subjective sleep quality. We measured the ex vivo immune cell proinflammatory cytokine response to whole-blood LPS stimulation. Caregivers who reported greater loneliness exhibited elevated LPS-stimulated proinflammatory cytokine production and more depressive symptoms. The relationship between loneliness and proinflammatory cytokine production was stronger at higher levels of childhood trauma and higher levels of anticipatory grief. The association between loneliness and depressive symptoms was stronger at higher levels of childhood trauma and higher levels of anticipatory grief. These results suggest that loneliness could have more robust effects on adverse health outcomes for caregivers who have experienced more childhood trauma and anticipatory grief. This research contributes to the existing literature investigating the mechanisms that underlie individual differences in health outcomes among dementia spousal caregivers
Exploring the Composition of Forest Collaboratives in Northeastern Oregon
No full textCommunity-based collaboration has been touted as an effective model for forest governance because it promotes democratized decision-making and stakeholder engagement to address landscape-scale problems. Forest collaboratives are assumed to be heterogeneous, consisting of stakeholders with a diverse range of interests. Few studies have systematically explored variables associated with collaborative composition. We identify six elements of collaborative composition for investigation: size, stakeholder diversity, balance, locality–diversity, core attendance, and cross-participation. This exploratory study examines five forest collaborative groups in eastern Oregon (USA). We analyzed meeting minutes over an 18-month period to track attendance and evaluate who shows up and at what frequency. While forest collaboratives vary in size, larger collaboratives are more heterogeneous, reflecting greater diversity in terms of stakeholders represented, and have a higher proportion of high-frequency (‘core’) attendees. Core attendees and attendees who participated across multiple forest collaboratives regionwide represent a much narrower set of stakeholder interests. Collaboratives’ attendees reflected a mix of local and non-local organizations. The results raise questions about whether collaborative groups represent the array of public interests in planning for forest management
Oak Loss is Driven by New Urban Development in Urban Areas and Logging in Rural Areas (Lunch and Learn Presentation)
No full textLori Hennings expands on her 2025 UERC presentation on oak loss in a lunch and learn presentation: The Oak Prairie Work Group, established in 2012, mapped Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) distribution from 2014-2018 within the northwest Oregon-southwest Washington Intertwine boundary and identified 110 of the largest, most important remaining oak habitat patches called “Oak Cores.” In 2024 I assessed the status of the Oak Cores using recent aerial photographs in Google Earth Pro. Twenty-two percent of Oak Cores appeared intact since we mapped oak. Nearly half (45%) exhibited some loss of less than 5%. Twenty-five percent showed moderate loss of 5-25%, 6% showed heavy loss of 25-50% and three Oak Cores in newly developing urban areas are currently being developed and would no longer qualify as Oak Cores under our original criteria. Inside the Urban Growth Boundary, new development including roads and buildings caused the highest losses. In rural areas, logging caused the highest losses, with large lot residential development, small patch tree cutting and agricultural encroachment also contributing. Getting ahead of new urban area planning, educating residents about the importance and resilience of our native oak species, and working with the timber industry to retain climate-friendly oak trees when logging could help slow these losses
Charting New Territory: AI Applications in Dental Caries Detection from Panoramic Imaging.
No full textDental caries remains a public health concern, and early detection prevents its progression and complications. Panoramic radiographs are essential diagnostic tools, yet the interpretation of panoramic X-rays varies among practitioners. Artificial intelligence (AI) presents a promising approach to enhance diagnostic accuracy in detecting dental caries. This scoping review examines the current literature on the use of AI programs to analyze panoramic radiographs for the diagnosis of dental caries. This scoping review searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. The review included peer-reviewed, original research published in English that investigated the use of AI to diagnose dental caries. Data were extracted on the AI model characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, and diagnostic performance. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. The Deep Learning Model achieved the highest performance (specificity 0.9487, accuracy 0.9789, F1 score 0.9245), followed by Diagnocat and Tooth Type Enhanced Transformer. Models such as CranioCatch and CariSeg showed moderate performance, while the Dental Caries Detection Network demonstrated the lowest. Benefits included improved diagnostic support and workflow efficiency, while limitations involved dataset biases, interpretability challenges, and computational demands. Applying AI technologies to panoramic X-rays demonstrates the potential for enhancing caries diagnosis, with some models achieving near-expert performance. However, future research must address the generalizability, transparency, and integration of AI models into clinical practice. Future research should focus on diverse training datasets, explainable AI development, clinical validation, and incorporating AI training into dental education and training
Review of Stark, Mike. Starlings: The Curious Odyssey of a Most Hated Bird, \u27Starlings: The Curious Odyssey of a Most Hated Bird\u27 [Review]
No full textPortland State University Professor of History Catherine McNeur reviews:
Mike Stark. Starlings: The Curious Odyssey of a Most Hated Bird. University of Nebraska Press, 2025. xi + 238 pp. $24.49, paper, ISBN 978-1-4962-4202-0
ritr
No full textritr opens up conversations of legibility, educational access and neurodivergence within the written word. It shifts in between utterances, meditations, compilations and fragmentations that explore articulated and unarticulated tensions between knowing and not knowing, clarity, obscurity, verbal communication, generational rooting, brain function, error, growth, the American education system, incorrectness, loss and decompartmentalization through the echos in the syntactic slips of nonlinear movement
Characterizing Secondary Flow Structures Over Scaled Solar Arrays and Investigating Impact of System Yaw Angle
No full textThis study investigates Prandtl\u27s secondary flows of the second kind within the turbulent boundary layer over a newly defined type of surface roughness, e-type, which is characterized by roughness elements that are elevated from the wall. This e- type roughness is modeled after photovoltaic (PV) solar panels and its study driven by establishing a more robust understanding into how flow moves through solar arrays as the demand for renewable energy continues to grow.
Wind tunnel experiments using particle image velocimetry (PIV) were conducted over a scaled array of panels and explored how shifting the yaw angle of the array (angle at which the oncoming flow impacts the front of the panel) influences secondary flow structure development, size, strength, and spatial distribution. Fundamental turbulence statistics were analyzed to identify mechanisms of momentum transfer and energy transport as well as identify the generation and spatial persistence of secondary flow structures within the array and into the boundary layer. Results show that shifting yaw angle causes these secondary flow structures to grow and morph when compared to arrays that are aligned with the streamwise flow. These results indicate that yaw angle affects secondary flow structure generation, size and strength and may provide practical implications for optimizing array configuration to generate these motions within and above the array
Hybrid Publishing and the Legacy Memoir: A New Model For Preservation
No full textThis research investigates the advantages and limitations of hybrid publishing models for legacy-focused memoirs that integrate written narratives with visual ephemera. As traditional publishers prioritize commercial viability and self-publishing platforms present technical challenges for complex projects, legacy memoir authors face unique obstacles in preserving personal histories with professional quality while maintaining creative control.
Through an analysis of industry standards, case studies of published legacy memoirs, and an examination of current publishing models, this study identifies how hybrid publishing can address the specialized needs of legacy memoir authors in ways that traditional and self-publishing models cannot fully accommodate. The research contributes to understanding how specialized genres interact with evolving publishing models while navigating publishing decisions for works where preservation rather than commercial success is the primary goal