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Variability of Grazing by Appendicularians on Prochlorococcus
Get PDFThe marine picocyanobacterium, Prochlorococcus is the most abundant photosynthetic cell on Earth. These cells are critical to global primary productivity and are critical to biogeochemical cycles of the open ocean. While abiotic environmental factors that influence Prochlorococcus are relatively well-understood, biotic controls, especially predation, are not well-studied. Appendicularians are ubiquitous invertebrate grazers that feed on microbes including Prochlorococcus in the open ocean. However, the details of this feeding interaction have not been characterized. In a laboratory study, I showed that prey retention of Prochlorococcus increases as the life stage of the appendicularians advances and increases with increasing concentration of prey. I also found that the appendicularians did not select between the most abundant types of Prochlorococcus during feeding. The quantitative insight from this work is critical to filling gaps in existing microbial and carbon models towards accurate prediction of microbial community dynamics and the fate of carbon in our oceans
Black Transnationalism and Diaspora in Hip Hop: An Analysis of Billy Woods’ “Asylum”
Get PDFThis paper examines Billy Woods\u27 2022 song, Asylum from the album Aethiopes, situating it between the frameworks of Black transnationalism and diaspora. Woods critiques colonialism and constructs a collective Black cultural identity through lyricism and sampling, despite the universally destructive effects of colonialism. The methodology of this paper involves close reading and listening to Asylum, supported by theoretical perspectives on Black transnationalism and diaspora. This research also incorporates historical context and Woods\u27 personal background to frame the song\u27s narrative. Key materials include the song\u27s lyrics, its samples, and relevant academic literature on colonialism and Black identity. Asylum critiques colonialism by juxtaposing scenes of luxury with captivity, highlighting the inescapable effects of colonial exploitation on Black identity. Woods uses metaphorical references to historical figures and places, emphasizing the transient nature of safety for Afrodescendants. Sampling is foundational in “Asylum,” connecting African and American musical traditions and reinforcing the song\u27s transnationalist themes. The song\u27s narrative and instrumental elements collectively portray a borderless Black condition shaped by colonial legacies. Asylum ultimately illustrates the pervasive impact of colonialism on global Black culture, transcending geographic and cultural boundaries. The song\u27s fusion of lyricism and sampling demonstrates a shared cultural resilience among Afrodescendants. Future research could further explore the role of hip hop in expressing and shaping Black transnationalist identities, as well as its potential to challenge and reinterpret colonial histories
The Cost of Healthy Eating
Get PDFAbstract
Background
Each year in the United States, 15-20% of 1 million visits to the Emergency Department for Acute Heart Failure result in home discharge, with patients often experiencing adverse health outcomes within 30 days. The study, Get With the Guidelines in Emergency Department Patients With Heart Failure (GUIDED-HF), utilized ‘Self-Care Coaches’ who meet participants via telehealth calls to discuss self-care maintenance after discharge as a strategy to mitigate adverse health outcomes; and offer provisions of resources, including a cookbook by the American Association for Heart Failure Nurses (AAHFN).
During the calls, we observed gaps in self-care for retired older adults (62+), living alone, and receiving food stamps from the federal Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), who expressed struggles with affording a Heart Failure (HF) friendly diet.
Objective
To investigate if the target population in Portland or Hillsboro can afford an HF-friendly diet on the monthly SNAP income.
Methods
Using the cookbook, we created three sets of meal plans. Utilizing the Fred Meyer website, the cost of ingredients for each meal was collected and aggregated to determine meal plan costs.
Results
SNAP monthly allotment for a one-person household: 1,679.10, 3,927.90.
Hillsboro: 495.90, and $3,924.90.
Conclusion
We found that all meal plans exceeded the SNAP monthly allotment. However, we assumed full-sized items were purchased, likely overestimating costs. Further investigation is needed to assess the affordability of healthy eating
Root Nodules of Red Alder (alnus Rubra) and Sitka Alder (alnus Viridis Ssp. Sinuata) Are Inhabited by Taxonomically Diverse Cultivable Microbial Endophytes
Get PDFThe root nodules of actinorhizal plants are home to nitrogen-fixing bacterial symbionts, known as Frankia, along with a small percentage of other microorganisms. These include fungal endophytes and non-Frankia bacteria. The taxonomic and functional diversity of the microbial consortia within these root nodules is not well understood. In this study, we surveyed and analyzed the cultivable, non-Frankia fungal and bacterial endophytes of root nodules from red and Sitka alder trees that grow together. We examined their taxonomic diversity, co-occurrence, differences between hosts, and potential functional roles. For the first time, we are reporting numerous fungal endophytes of alder root nodules. These include Sporothrix guttuliformis, Fontanospora sp., Cadophora melinii, an unclassified Cadophora, Ilyonectria destructans, an unclassified Gibberella, Nectria ramulariae, an unclassified Trichoderma, Mycosphaerella tassiana, an unclassified Talaromyces, Coniochaeta sp., and Sistotrema brinkmanii. We are also reporting several bacterial genera for the first time: Collimonas, Psychrobacillus, and Phyllobacterium. Additionally, we are reporting the genus Serratia for the second time, with the first report having been recently published in 2023. Pseudomonas was the most frequently isolated bacterial genus and was found to co-inhabit individual nodules with both fungi and bacteria. We found that the communities of fungal endophytes differed by host species, while the communities of bacterial endophytes did not
Increased Thermal Stability and Retained Antibacterial Properties in a Sulbactam and Amantadine Salt: Towards Effective Antibacterial-Antiviral Combination Therapies
No full textA clinically relevant multidrug solid comprising sulbactam (β-lactamase inhibitor) and amantadine (antiviral) displays enhanced thermal stability and sustained antibacterial activity compared to starting materials.
We describe the formation of a multidrug salt comprising sulbactam (SUL, β-lactamase inhibitor) and amantadine (AMNH, antiviral). Physicochemical investigation of the SUL·AMNH salt revealed enhanced thermal stability compared to pristine starting materials. In vitro studies found that salt formation in SUL·AMNH does not disrupt antibacterial activity against model organisms Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis. To our knowledge, we show the first β-lactamase inhibitor-antiviral salt where both components have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the first multicomponent solid containing SUL. We envisage our strategy could inspire the design of multicomponent solids for antimicrobial combination therapies
What are the Psychosocial Effects of Service Dogs on Handlers with Disabilities
Get PDFThis study looks to explore the psychosocial effects that service dogs have on handlers with disabilities. A cross-sectional survey designed to gather information about this directly from service dog handlers was administered to a sample of 20 participants. Then, a qualitative analysis was conducted on data from the survey using an inductive coding scheme that identified themes in the data as key terms and ideas emerged.
Results revealed many nuances surrounding service dogs\u27 effects on handlers\u27 psychosocial health. Notable results include: 20 of 20 participants (100%) reporting their service dogs have had positive impacts on their quality of life; 19 of 20 participants (95%) agreed that having a service dog has helped them to feel more independent; 12 of 20 participants (60%) reported changes in how people interact with them when they are with their service dogs, specifically: increased staring, attention, and questions from the general public; 12 of 20 (60%) reporting being targets of ableism and discrimination while in public with their service dogs; and 12 of 20, (60%), expressed that their service dogs provided enhanced social support unmatched by any other forms of social support due to the deep connections and understandings of the service dog/handler relationship.
Overall, service dogs contribute positively to handlers\u27 psychosocial health in ways such as significantly increasing quality of life, promoting independence and self-sufficiency, offering unparalleled social support, and more. Negative impacts of having a service dog, such as increased staring and attention, ableism, and discrimination also impact handlers\u27 psychosocial health
Coordinated Population Forecast for Yamhill County, its Urban Growth Boundaries (UGB), and Area Outside UGBs 2024-2074
Get PDFThis report for population forecasts for Yamhill County was made in compliance with Oregon House Bill 2253 relating to population forecasts for land use planning. Portland State University Population Research Center is tasked with creating population projections for all Oregon counties except Multnomah, Clackamas, and Washington as well as population forecasts for all Urban Growth Boundaries (UGBs), except for the Metro area UGB. These population forecasts are generated using standardized demographic methods with input and feedback from county, city, and other local stakeholders
Implementation Profile: EGoT DERMS Server/Client System (DOE-PSU-0000922-2)
Get PDFThis implementation profile (IP) provides the scope and requirements necessary to implement a distributed energy resource management system (DERMS), which networks large numbers of DER within an energy grid of things (EGoT). This document originated as part of a U.S. DOE-funded project to develop a DERMS based on a set of rules known as the Energy Services Interface (ESI). The ESI serves as an umbrella, ensuring the information exchange between an aggregator and DER owners conforms to expectations: protect privacy, provide security, develop trustworthiness, and ensure interoperability. DERMS developers use the ESI to ensure that information exchange meets these expectations. This IP demonstrates how that was done using IEEE 2030.5 as the messaging protocol
Gen Z and Millennials have an Unlikely Love Affair with their Local Libraries
Get PDFA phone fixation may seem at odds with an attraction to books. But the latter may offer a much-needed reprieve from the former. In our recent study of American Gen Z and millennials, we discovered that 92% of them check social media daily; 25% of them check multiple times per hour. Yet in that same nationally representative study, we also found that Gen Z and millennials are still visiting libraries at a healthy clip, with 54% of Gen Zers and millennials trekking to their local library in 2022. Our findings reinforce 2017 data from the Pew Research Center, which showed that 53% of millennials had gone to their local library over the previous 12 months. By comparison, that same study found that 45% of Gen Xers and 43% of baby boomers visited public libraries
Proof of the Kresch-Tamvakis Conjecture
Get PDFIn this paper we resolve a conjecture of Kresch and Tamvakis