37200 research outputs found
Sort by
Fluidity in Reporting Gender Identity Labels in a Sample of Transgender and Gender Diverse Adolescents and Young Adults, Los Angeles, California, and New Orleans, Louisiana, 2017-2019.
No full textObjectives: Treating gender identity as a fixed characteristic may contribute to considerable misclassification and hinder accurate characterization of health inequities and the design of effective preventive interventions for transgender and gender diverse (TGD) adolescents and young adults. We examined changes in how an ethnically and racially diverse sample of TGD adolescents and young adults reported their gender identity over time, the implications of this fluidity on public health, and the potential effects of misclassification of gender identity. Methods: We recruited 235 TGD adolescents and young adults (aged 15-24 y) in Los Angeles, California, and New Orleans, Louisiana, from May 2017 through August 2019 to participate in an HIV intervention study. We asked participants to self-report their gender identity and sex assigned at birth every 4 months for 24 months. We used a quantitative content analysis framework to catalog changes in responses over time and classified the changes into 3 main patterns: consistent, fluctuating, and moving in 1 direction. We then calculated the distribution of gender identity labels at baseline (initial assessment) and 12 and 24 months and described the overall sample by age, race, ethnicity, and study site. Results: Of 235 TGD participants, 162 (69%) were from Los Angeles, 89 (38%) were Latinx, and 80 (34%) were non-Latinx Black or African American. Changes in self-reported gender identity were common (n = 181; 77%); in fact, 39 (17%) changed gender identities more than twice. More than 50% (n = 131; 56%) showed a fluctuating pattern. Conclusions: Gender identity labels varied over time, suggesting that misclassification may occur if data from a single time point are used to define gender identity. Our study lays the foundation for launching studies to elucidate the associations between shifting gender identities and health outcomes
Creating a New Border Culture in the Midst of the Climate Crisis: Activism and Pedagogy Strategies for Teacher Preparation
Get PDFThis paper documents the efforts of an activist group that came to teach about activist efforts, climate change/climate justice/climate crisis issues, and to create leaders in one border community. The leaders of this three-day workshop are a part of an activist organization named SOMOS Sunrise, the Latine constituency of the Sunrise movement. In this paper, I will analyze the climate change workshop training days and components of the workshops. Secondly, this paper will document a climate cohort education group conducted with undergraduate students and pre-service teachers the following summer. This climate cohort helped articulate art activism and public speaking opportunities to advocate for change with the city council. The implications for teacher preparation programs and strategies to situate situate climate activism as a tool to reimagine border culture within the climate change/climate crisis will be discussed
Review of Sama in the Forest
No full textReview of Sama in the Forest. Directed by Carlos G. Gómez, 2023, 75 minutes, color. Distributed by Documentary Educational Resources
Revisiting Lattice Thermal Conductivity of Cscl: the Crucial Role of Quartic Anharmonicity
No full textThermal conductivity plays a critical role in thermal management applications. Usually, crystals with simpler structures exhibit higher due to fewer phonon scatterings. However, cesium chloride (CsCl) presents an anomaly, demonstrating an unexpectedly low of 1.0 W m−1 K−1 at 300 K, as observed in Professor Iversen\u27s experimental measurement despite its simple structure. This prompts a need for understanding anomalous low and matching theory with experimental observations. Our study brings forth several findings for CsCl: (i) relying solely on three-phonon scattering inadequately captures . (ii) Anharmonic phonon renormalization significantly contributes to increased . (iii) Coherent phonons align temperature-dependent closely with the experiment. This work not only enhances understanding of anomalous in CsCl but also provides an approach to bridge the gap between experiment and theory in other crystals
Bidirectional Relationships Between Nicotine Vaping and Maladaptive Eating Behaviors Among Young Adults.
Get PDFPast research indicates that young adult cigarette smokers are at risk of engaging in maladaptive eating behaviors (MEBs); however, whether this relationship extends to nicotine vaping is unclear. The current study assessed bidirectional associations between four types of MEBs and nicotine vaping among young adults
Faithful Coverage: the Irish Independent’s Catholic Transformation of the Spanish Civil War
Get PDFIn the summer of 1936, the Spanish Civil War erupted with a military coup d’etat against the current Republic, launching three years of chaos and casualty. Among the ranks of supporters for the imminent fascist regime were Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, and shockingly, the majority of Ireland’s citizens. However, their support was not unprompted. The Irish Independent, a popular newspaper, flooded its pages with gory depictions of anti-clerical violence committed by the Spanish Republicans and steered their audience into the kind of righteous sensationalism that would later inspire an Irish Brigade to form on behalf of the fascist regime. This paper aims to find out what financial and political motives the Irish Independent had to simplify, dramatize, and misrepresent the Spanish conflict to its audience. Particularly, the newspaper’s Catholic-centric narrative points to a manipulation of events in order to gain favor from the Irish Catholic Church hierarchy.
Keywords: Ireland, Spain, Spanish Civil War, Journalism, Fascism, Catholicism
Part of the panel: Identity through Conflict Moderator: Professor Jennifer Kern
Extreme Heat & Public Perception in Portland, Oregon: Evidence of a Compounding Vulnerability Effect for Climate Hazards
Get PDFExtreme heat events are a global public health threat, and the frequency of these events are projected to increase significantly in the coming decades. Responding to extreme heat requires that municipalities communicate with public audiences. Generally speaking, risk communication and public engagement efforts are more effective when they are responsive to current risk perception trends. This social scientific study examines extreme heat risk perceptions, emergency response needs, and level of trust in first responders among residents of the Portland (OR) Metro Area. Using quantitative survey data, it demonstrates the compounding influence of three previously identified vulnerability indicators–poverty, disability, and race–on public perception surrounding extreme heat and environmental emergencies. Results show these vulnerability indicators have a significant compounding effect on public perception, such that an increased number of vulnerability indicators is associated with greater anticipated harm from extreme heat, higher anticipated need in the event of an environmental emergency, and lower trust in first responders. Firefighters and medical providers were the most trusted first responders across all vulnerability groups. Guidelines for public engagement and recommendations for future social scientific research are discussed
Exploring Attrition and Linguistic Shifts: The Impact of COVID-19 and Anti-Asian Discrimination on the East and Southeast Asian Diaspora
Get PDFThis study investigates language and identity among speakers of East Asian and Southeast Asian languages in the United States, within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the concurrent rise in anti-Asian hate. We adopt a mixed-methods approach guided by three research questions exploring: (1) changes in language use since pandemic onset, (2) changes in perspectives on language identity since pandemic onset, and (3) effects of geopolitical climate, specifically the rise in anti-Asian hate, on language use and perspectives on language identity. Qualitative methodologies allowed us to capture a diverse range of language experiences. Many (but not all) participants indicated that the pandemic increased their heritage-language (HL) use due to more frequent interactions with HL-speaking family members. Several participants reported using the HL less in public due to concerns about anti-Asian discrimination and hate crimes. At the same time, many participants reported that the pandemic and the rise in anti-Asian hate led to a renewed commitment to preserving and passing on their HL and culture. The results reveal complex ways in which the current geopolitical context is both promoting and discouraging heritage language maintenance among East Asian and Southeast Asian language speakers in the US
Development of a Fast-Neutron Source Localization System
No full textPower generation by nuclear fusion is a continuing ambition that has been the focus of nuclear fusion research for nearly a hundred years. However, small-scale fusion reactors have further propulsion and neutron imaging applications that don’t require greater than breakeven efficiencies that a fusion energy source needs. Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) fusion devices have the potential for miniaturization, making them a strong candidate for such applications. Yet the contributions of different interactions within an IEC fusion device are still not fully understood. Imaging an IEC device and investigating each interaction\u27s Neutron Production Rate (NPR) can enhance design efficiency. Neutron imaging is an ideal analysis technique for this research since neutrons constitute a significant byproduct of the fusion reaction and can penetrate the device walls without appreciable interaction. In this research, we aim to develop a novel 3D neutron imaging scintillator cube that will be utilized to determine neutrons generated from within an IEC device. The imaging system will image fast neutrons generated from the device and reconstruct a 2D/3D image of the source via spatial analysis and AI computational imaging techniques
“Fruit From a Poisonous Tree”? Constituting Logics of Law Enforcement Phlebotomy
Get PDFIn at least 17 states in the United States, police are drawing blood from drivers they suspect of impairment. Despite concerns about civil rights, ethics of consent in custody, and use of force, law enforcement phlebotomy (LEP) remains critically understudied. Through 27 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with police phlebotomists and LEP program officials from 10 states, this study begins to fill that gap, asking: What are the logics of law enforcement phlebotomy? Constituting these logics–as articulated by police–are beliefs about both policing and phlebotomy, and officers’ motivations in the fight against impaired driving. This article assesses how the logics of law enforcement phlebotomy are under fraught development. Institutional logics, far from being settled, are often in tension (Chiarello & Morrill 2020; Thornton et al. 2012). In the nascent subfield of police phlebotomy, the law enforcement officers interviewed in this study clearly demonstrated this contentious process of determining logics: collectively and individually, officers are working to justify, defend, and question law enforcement phlebotomy as the answer to the problem of impaired driving. My findings reflect the pitched struggle to define the logics of law enforcement phlebotomy, with many officers speaking as staunch champions of police blood draws, and other officers sharing serious concerns about the practice. This interview study provides a foundational look into the police perspective of law enforcement phlebotomy as this policing tool continues to spread across the country