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Mud Acoustics
Get PDFImaging the ocean requires an understanding of how different seafloor sediments interact with sound waves
The Inclusion of Metacognition in Source Evaluation Instruction
Get PDFThough the ACRL Framework holds metacognition as crucial to exercising information literacy, its emphasis was reduced from prominence in early drafts to a single mention in the final document. At the same time, few of the frequently-taught sets of source evaluation criteria include a step for self-awareness. This raises the question: do librarians explicitly teach metacognitive concepts when they teach source evaluation? Online library guides about source evaluation from various colleges and universities in Washington state were analyzed, and librarians who taught source evaluation were surveyed to determine whether and to what extent metacognitive concepts were included as part of the source evaluation process and how important librarians perceived metacognition to be relative to common source evaluation criteria. This research found that metacognition or self-reflection is not commonly considered or taught as an integral part of the source evaluation process
Oregon State Rank Assessment for Yuma Myotis (Myotis yumanensis)
Get PDFOregon state conservation status assessment for Yuma myotis (Myotis yumanensis) using NatureServe methodology, 2024
Laundry Program Evaluation
Get PDFNearly 4,000 people were reported as experiencing unsheltered homelessness in Multnomah County in 2023 (Theriault, Roots & Okeke, 2023). Studies by the Homelessness Research and Action Collaborative (HRAC) at Portland State University and other researchers have identified an urgent need for free laundry services among people experiencing unsheltered homelessness in the Portland region. A lack of access to clean laundry is associated with negative impacts on mental and physical health, as well as environmental impacts from wet or dirty textiles that are discarded rather than being reused.
In an attempt to address these and other issues, the City of Portland opened the Laundry Basket in October 2024 to provide free laundry services for people living unsheltered. Ground Score Association, which hires people with lived experience of homelessness, was selected to operate the program. As part of this process, the City hired HRAC to help design the program, to evaluate and provide recommendations on the facility, and to perform a developmental evaluation by interviewing clients and observing the program in action. Eight clients were interviewed over the course of three visits to the facility in late November and early December 2024. Program metrics were recorded by Laundry Basket staff
Patterns, Drivers, and Implications of Postfire Delayed Tree Mortality in Temperate Conifer Forests of the Western United States
Get PDFConifer forest resilience may be threatened by increasing wildfire activity and compound disturbances in western North America. Fire refugia enhance forest resilience, yet may decline over time due to delayed mortality—a process that remains poorly understood at landscape and regional scales. To address this uncertainty, we used high-resolution satellite imagery (5-m pixel) to map and quantify delayed mortality of conifer tree cover between 1 and 5 years postfire, across 30 large wildfires that burned within three montane ecoregions in the western United States. We used statistical models to explore the influence of burn severity, topography, soils, and climate moisture deficit on delayed mortality. We estimate that delayed mortality reduced live conifer tree cover by 5%–25% at the fire perimeter scale and 12%–15% at the ecoregion scale. Remotely sensed burn severity (1-year postfire) was the strongest predictor of delayed mortality, indicating patch-level fire effects are a strong proxy for fire injury severity among surviving trees that eventually perish. Delayed mortality rates were further influenced by long-term average and short-term postfire climate moisture deficits, illustrating the impact of drought on fire-injured tree survival. Our work demonstrates that delayed mortality in conifer forests of the western United States can be remotely quantified at a fine grain and landscape scale, is a spatially extensive phenomenon, is driven by fire–climate–environment interactions, and has important ecological implications
Coordinated Population Forecast for Multnomah County, its Urban Growth Boundaries (UGB), and Area Outside UGBs 2024-2074
Get PDFThis report for population forecasts for Multnomah County was made in compliance with Oregon House Bill 2253 relating to population forecasts for land use planning. Portland State University Population Research Center is tasked with creating population projections for all Oregon counties except Multnomah, Clackamas, and Washington as well as population forecasts for all Urban Growth Boundaries (UGBs), except for the Metro area UGB. These population forecasts are generated using standardized demographic methods with input and feedback from county, city, and other local stakeholders
Inclusive Approaches for Measuring Demographics of Underrepresented Populations in STEM and Biomedical Research Training Programs
Get PDFAs federal strategic plans prioritize increasing diversity within the biomedical workforce, and STEM training and outreach programs seek to recruit and retain students from historically underrepresented populations, there is a need for interrogation of traditional demographic descriptors and careful consideration of best practices for obtaining demographic data. To accelerate this work, equity-focused researchers and leaders from STEM programs convened to examine approaches for measuring demographic variables. Gender, race/ethnicity, disability, and disadvantaged background were prioritized given their focus by federal funding agencies. Categories of sex minority, sexual (orientation) minority, and gender minority (SSGM) should be included in demographic measures collected by STEM programs, consistent with recommendations from White House Executive Orders and federal reports. Our manuscript offers operationalized phrasing for demographic questions and recommendations for use across student-serving programs. Inclusive demographics permit the identification of individuals who are being excluded, marginalized, or improperly aggregated, increasing capacity to address inequities in biomedical research training. As trainees do not enter training programs with equal access, accommodations, or preparation, inclusive demographic measures can welcome trainees and inform a nuanced set of program outcomes that facilitate research on intersectionality to support the recruitment and retention of underrepresented students in biomedical research
Geochemistry and Geochronology of the Steens and Monument Dike Swarm: Implications and Relationships to Magmatic Storage and to Lava Flows of the Picture Gorge and Steens Basalt
Get PDFThe Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) is the youngest and best-preserved example of a continental flood basalt province. Vents and dikes for the four main eruptive units (Steens, Imnaha, Grande Ronde, and Picture Gorge Basalt) are the Monument, Steens and Chief Joseph Dike Swarms located in eastern Oregon, southeastern Washington, and northern Nevada.
Here we report on the compositions and timing of the dikes and sills of the Monument Dike Swarm (MDS), as well as their relationship to the subaerial lava flows of the Picture Gorge Basalt (PGB) with implications for crustal storage of these magmas. We evaluate data from 48 dikes and several small sills of this study, 21 dikes from Cahoon, as well as 10 new 40Ar/39Ar ages of select MDS dikes. With these data, we show that the age range of the Picture Gorge Basalt and the MDS span from 17.27 ± 0.05 Ma to 15.61 ± 0.22 Ma. These ages agree with ages determined by Cahoon et al., thus extending the temporal range of the PGB. Based on new geochronological and geochemical data (e.g., Zr vs Nb, TiO2 vs SiO2, Y vs TiO2 and MgO vs SiO2) of intrusives, we propose to subdivide PGB into two compositional subunits, Twickenham and Dayville. This simplification resolves issues with ages and distribution of Cahoon et al., this study, and the stratigraphy established by Bailey.
This study also adds data of 26 newly sampled Steens Basalt dikes to existing dike data. We evaluate compositional relationships of these dikes to subaerial Steens Basalt flows, in part searching for evidence of crustal magma storage locations. Relevant to this, we also report on 16 samples of a newly discovered, compositionally zoned, mafic intrusive body related to the Steens Basalt. This intrusive body is currently estimated to have a minimum area of 125 km2, with lithologies including anorthosite, leucogabbro, and troctolite. Steens Basalt dikes and others intrusives have compositions that match lava flows except in cases where crystal accumulation is likely to dictate bulk compositions. This new intrusive data acquired from both the Picture Gorge and Steens Basalt was integrated with available geochemical, geophysical, and geographic data to determine a model of Columbia River Basalt Group mid- and upper- crustal magma storage
Bridging Barriers to Digital Accessibility: An Opportunity for Technical Editors
Get PDFDigital content is overwhelmingly inaccessible across the web, and web accessibility is a particularly wicked problem. Technical editors with accessibility specializations serve as a part of the solution, however, the market for these professionals is emerging and poorly understood. The purpose of this research is to explore this emerging market and determine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for these editors. Considering the limited body of knowledge surrounding this market, I utilize a variety of diverse web resources including peerreviewed journal publications, blogs, forums, and trusted web accessibility resources and organizations. The findings, contextualized by my identity as a disabled editor specializing in this field, include strengths in the freelance economy, professional certifications and resources, editorial training and skill, and community; opportunities include job growth and education; weaknesses include low visibility for editors; and threats include challenges faced by disabled editors, accessibility overlays, legal risks, and editorial rates. This research is not exhaustive, and is one of the first in its field. Further research is needed to explore gaps within the market and rapidly changing factors such as accessibility legislation and the impact of tools such as generative artificial intelligence
PT-Symmetry and Eigenmodes
Get PDFSpectra of systems with balanced gain and loss, described by Hamiltonians with parity and time-reversal (PT) symmetry is a rich area of research. This work studies by means of numerical techniques, how eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of a Schrodinger operator change as a gain-loss parameter changes. Two cases on a disk with zero boundary conditions are considered. In the first case, within the enclosing disk, we place a parity (P) symmetric configuration of three smaller disks containing gain and loss media, which does not have PT-symmetry. In the second case, we study a PT-symmetric configuration of two smaller disks with gain and loss media. We find a rich variety of exceptional points, re-entrant PT-symmetric phases, and a non-monotonic dependence of the PT-symmetry breaking threshold on the system parameters. Previous explorations of spectra of PT-symmetric systems have mainly been limited to finite discrete models or problems in one dimension. By leveraging systems on a two-dimensional continuum, we show how the complexity and variability of the spectral behavior increases. Finally, by considering small analytically computable examples, we study the concept of exceptional points and their relation to the PT-symmetry breaking threshold