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Inter-Cal: Inter-Oscillator Calibration for Crystal-Free Mote-On-Chip
No full textSCµM is a single-chip micro mote with dimensions of 2 ×3 mm2, It is equipped with a Cortex-M0 processor, an optical receiver, and a radio compliant with IEEE802.15.4/BLE standards. The device foregoes the use of a crystal by leveraging its internal oscillators to enable 2.4 GHz communication. Due to variations in manufacturing and changes in the environment, SCµM\u27s on-chip oscillators require calibration. Inter-Cal, a calibration method for SCµM, accurately determines the necessary frequencies for both transmission (TX) and reception (RX). Unlike other methods, Inter-Cal can calibrate all of SCµM\u27s internal oscillators, including the 2 MHz RC and LC oscillators in both TX and RX modes, by simply listening for a valid packet. Inter-Cal is a scalable solution characterized by its minimal overhead and low latency. Testing with OpenMote has demonstrated that SCµM can consistently adjust its frequency over time using SCµM. In an evaluation using 1000 packets, 94.3% achieved a frequency accuracy within ±80 ppm for the LC oscillator and 91% were within ±1000 ppm for the 2 MHz RC oscillator
Admission and Discharge Practices Among Assisted Living Communities: the Role of State Regulations and Organizational Characteristics
Get PDFA better understanding of factors associated with assisted living admission and discharge practices can help identify communities that are more likely to allow residents to age in place. This study examined how state regulations and assisted living organizational characteristics relate to community admission and discharge practices for bathing, getting out of bed, and feeding
Toxicity of Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking: the Role of Flavors, Sweeteners, Humectants, and Charcoal
Get PDFWaterpipe tobacco (WPT) smoking is a public health concern, particularly among youth and young adults. The global spread of WPT use has surged since the introduction of pre-packaged flavored and sweetened WPT, which is widely marketed as a safer tobacco alternative. Besides flavorants and sugars, WPT additives include humectants, which enhance the moisture and sweetness of WPT, act as solvents for flavors, and impart smoothness to the smoke, thus increasing appeal to users. In the United States (U.S.), unlike cigarette tobacco flavoring (with the exception of menthol), there is no FDA product standard or policy in place prohibiting sales of flavored WPT. Research has shown that the numerous fruit, candy, and alcohol flavors added to WPT entice individuals to experience those flavors, putting them at an increased risk of exposure to WPT smoke-related toxicants. Additionally, burning charcoal briquettes-used as a heating source for WPT-contributes to the harmful health effects of WPT smoking. This review presents existing evidence on the potential toxicity resulting from humectants, sugars, and flavorants in WPT, and from the charcoal used to heat WPT. The review discusses relevant studies of inhalation toxicity in animal models and of biomarkers of exposure in humans. Current evidence suggests that more data are needed on toxicant emissions in WPT smoke to inform effective tobacco regulation to mitigate the adverse impact of WPT use on human health
Data From: Developmental Change in English-Learning Children’s Interpretations of Salient Pitch Contours in Word Learning
Get PDFTo efficiently recognize words, children learning an intonational language like English should avoid interpreting pitch-contour variation as signaling lexical contrast, despite the relevance of pitch at other levels of structure. Thus far, the developmental time-course with which English-learning children rule out pitch as a contrastive feature has been incompletely characterized. Prior studies have tested diverse lexical contrasts and have not tested beyond 30 months. To specify the developmental trajectory over a broader age range, we extended a prior study (Quam & Swingley, 2010), in which 30-month-olds and adults disregarded pitch changes, but attended to vowel changes, in newly learned words. Using the same phonological contrasts, we tested 3- to 5-year-olds, 24-month-olds, and 18-month-olds. The older two groups were tested using the language-guided-looking method. The oldest group attended to vowels but not pitch. Surprisingly, 24-month-olds ignored not just pitch but sometimes vowels as well—conflicting with prior findings of phonological constraint at 24 months. The youngest group was tested using the Switch habituation method, half with additional phonetic variability in training. Eighteen-month-olds learned both pitch-contrasted and vowel-contrasted words, whether or not additional variability was present. Thus, native-language phonological constraint was not evidenced prior to 30 months (Quam & Swingley, 2010). Given the surprising insensitivity to mispronunciations at 24 months, we tested 24-month-olds in two additional experiments, which are reported in Supplemental Materials. Experiment S1 tested 24-month-olds in the low-variability condition of the Switch procedure used at 18 months, finding that—in contrast to 18-month-olds—24-month-olds did not detect switches to the trained word-object pairings when the switches involved either a pitch change or a vowel change. Experiment S2 again used Switch habituation training, but tested children in a language-guided looking test instead of a Switch test (Yoshida, Fennell, Swingley, & Werker, 2009). Again, 24-month-olds showed no evidence of detecting subtle differences in word pronunciations. The data from all five experiments (1, 2, 3, S1, S2) are included in the data files in the interests of transparency
PSU DERMS Operating Manual and EGoT System Reference (DOE-PSU-0000922-7)
Get PDFThis document guides the user of the Portland State University Distributed Energy Resource Management System in configuration and normal operation. For direct access to the underlying code and its usage see the accompanying PSU EGoT System Reference. The system reference outlines all classes and methods used through the Energy Grid of Things system including applications, models, interfaces and the entity component system
ACCORD: Constraint-driven Mediation of Multi-user Conflicts in Cloud Services
Get PDFWhen multiple users adopt collaborative cloud services like Google Drive to work on a shared resource, incorrect or missing permis- sions may cause conflicting or inconsistent access or use privileges. These issues (or conflicts) compromise resources confidentiality, integrity, or availability leading to a lack of trust in cloud services. An example conflict is when a user with editor permissions changes the permissions on a shared resource without consent from the orig- inal resource owner. In this demonstration, we introduce ACCORD, a web application built on top of Google Drive able to detect and resolve multi-user conflicts. ACCORD employs a simulator to help users preemptively identify potential conflicts and assists them in defining action constraints. Using these constraints, ACCORD can automatically detect and resolve any future conflicts
E-Lit\u27s #1 Hit: Is Instagram Poetry E-Literature?
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A lot has happened in the world, and in e-literature, since my essay débuted as a conference presentation then a publication in electronic book review in 2018. Global protests against the murders of George Floyd and Breonna Taylor during the pandemic summer of 2020 sparked reckoning with how banal, mainstream, and lethal is white supremacy. Six months later, in response to specific critiques about access and equity inside the Electronic Literature Organization, its Board of Directors published a statement about Equity, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) as a core value. As an editor of the Electronic Literature Collective Volume 4, I can attest that we centered EDI in our search for and evaluation of works to include in the fourth installment of the field’s canonical anthology. In “Excavating Logics of White Supremacy in Electronic Literature: Antiracism as Infrastructural Critique,” Ryan Ikeda shares his experience of searching the ELMCIP database for “‘critical race theory,’ ‘Black feminism’ and ‘Asian American studies’—all of which yielded zero results.” As a cultural act, “these serialized zeroes affirmed an all-too-familiar affective state …. Care and community building begin by organizing the symbolic structures of an institution to reflect its constituents” (2021).
The history of exclusion is Instapoetry’s foundational moment. Instapoetry began with two immigrant, millennial women of color, Rupi Kaur and Lang Leav, selling directly to social media publics circa 2014 after having been repeatedly rejected by publishing house acquisitions editors. Today, Instapoetry’s community of makers is too broad and diffuse to generalize about whether its practitioners “critically engage” readers, or otherwise meet the aesthetic standards articulated by editors in four volumes of the Electronic Literature Collection. But that 16shouldn’t stop us from taking a keen interest in Instapoetry’s field development. It has morphed from the feminism of Kaur and Leav to that of Noor Unnahar (@noor_unnahar) and the humorous Arti Gollapudi (@artifartypoems) and Aly Dixon (@aly__dixon). Sylvia Castelán (@ ) and Liliana Vasques (@robot_sorridente [smiling_robot]) use the Instagram platform for wry self-expression rather than as springboards to book sales. The field is now distributed rather than centralized in a few hit makers, though Andrews McMeel Publishing remains the preeminent publisher of printed Instapoetry. Robert M. Drake (@rmdrk) and Reuben Holmes (@r.h.sin), both men of color, female-affirming, and self-published, have attained New York Times bestseller status.
Instapoetry gives agency to poets typically shut out of prestige economies such as book publishing and academia. Without gigantic social media response in 2014, and thousands of self-published book sales, publishers wouldn’t have taken a chance on Instapoetry. Rupi Kaur doesn’t code her Instapoems—that option exists for no one. But in 2014 Kaur wrote, edited, and hand-built the design of her first book, milk and honey, as an end-run around gatekeeping poetry publishers. This exactly the kind of digital self-agency the ELO EDI statement is meant to acknowledge and invite. Those of us who read the code of an e-lit work alongside its user interface find the experience of reading e-lit published in social media flat. Shorn of its code, a work can feel like just a fragment.
Although most readers may not think of it this way, to buy a printed volume of Instapoetry is to buy the entire meaning-making apparatus. It is a contestatory act, owning a book and doing with it what you will. Read and share the book without being tracked. Browsing and preferences are the mother lode of an individual’s value to media platforms, which harvest one’s data in exchange for serving algorithmically customized content for “free.” Harvard Business School Professor Emerita Shoshana Zuboff calls this “surveillance capitalism”: the commodification of personal data for the sole purpose of profit-making (2020: v). Users of social media have no idea whether giving away their browsing data in exchange for more relevant search returns is a fair exchange because no regulatory body has compelled media companies to disclose the value of the information, or give people the ability to opt out. Want to pay a subscription fee to stop the collection of your data? That option doesn’t exist. The richest and most powerful global companies trade human-derived commodities mostly free from regulatory constraint. It’s immoral.
In the context of limitless data surveillance, one printed copy of Rupi Kaur’s third volume of poetry, Home Body, is a bargain. For just $7.48 you can have a private Instapoetry reading experience because Kaur’s publisher, Andrews 17McMeel, overestimated demand; the book is remaindered. Imagine! Private reading discounted 50 percent.
Eugenio Tisselli and Rui Torres believe that “being peripheral may actually be the role of e-literature. To critically engage from the inside of a system is to guarantee that readers are not passive or merely entertained watchers.” Critical awareness and resistance are excellent cultural contributions. So are access, inclusion, and community. This chapter is one exploration of the tensions between those things in Instapoetry
Desert: Poems
No full textDesert: Poems utilizes both traditional and experimental forms to access its main concerns. Through moments of explicit clarity and deliberate obfuscation, taking inspiration from avant-garde and classic Chinese poetry--working with an eye fixed on the modernist and postmodern, the poems-both short and long-look toward the investigation of the forces of sound and multivocality as a way of finding and creating meaning as well as locating the poem\u27s place in advancing cultural shifts and advocating for social change
Digital Trace Data and Demographic Forecasting: How Well Did Google Predict the US COVID-19 Baby Bust?
Get PDFAt the onset of the first wave of COVID-19 in the United States, the pandemic\u27s effect on future birthrates was unknown. In this paper, we assess whether digital trace data—often touted as a panacea for traditional data scarcity—held the potential to accurately predict fertility change caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Specifically, we produced state-level, dynamic future predictions of the pandemic\u27s effect on birthrates in the United States using pregnancy-related Google search data. Importantly, these predictions were made in October 2020 (and revised in February 2021), well before the birth effect of the pandemic could have possibly been known. Our analysis predicted that between November 2020 and February 2021, monthly United States births would drop sharply by approximately 12 percent, then begin to rebound while remaining depressed through August 2021. While these predictions were generally accurate in terms of the magnitude and timing of the trough, there were important misses regarding the speed at which these reductions materialized and rebounded. This ex post evaluation of an ex ante prediction serves as a powerful demonstration of the “promise and pitfalls” of digital trace data in demographic research
Strengthening Public Health Preceptorship Through Project ECHO
No full textProject ECHO® (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) is a telementoring workforce development model. This manuscript describes the development, delivery, and evaluation of a Public Health Preceptor ECHO program as a strategy to boost knowledge and confidence of public health preceptors, who guide public health students through an applied practice experience (internship). The Public Health Preceptor ECHO is a collaborative effort between two Oregon schools of public health. The six-session ECHO was developed between summer and fall 2022 and first delivered in winter 2023. Participants completed fixed and open response surveys after each ECHO session and at the program’s end. Quantitative responses were analyzed using Stata and illustrative qualitative responses were selected to highlight program impacts. Forty-three individuals registered to participate in the ECHO and 27 participants attended each session on average. Participants reported increased knowledge and skills, especially in communication with interns. The ECHO also provided resources for further training and mentorship, and examples of administrative policies and protocols for managing an intern project. In addition to boosting preceptors’ confidence to support public health students, two impacts included a grant submission to establish a hub for student internship stipends and extending university-sponsored housing to public health students in rural communities. Project ECHO is a promising methodology for training future public health preceptors