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Assessing genotype adaptability and stability in perennial forage breeding trials using random regression models for longitudinal dry matter yield data.
Full text linkGenotype selection for dry matter yield (DMY) in perennial forage species is based on repeated measurements over time, referred to as longitudinal data. These datasets capture temporal trends and variability, which are critical for identifying genotypes with desirable performance across seasons. In this study, we have presented a random regression model (RRM) approach for selecting genotypes based on longitudinal DMY data generated from 10 breeding trials and three perennial species, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), guineagrass (Megathyrsus maximus), and brachiaria (Urochloa spp.). We also proposed the estimation of adaptability based on the area under the curve and stability based on the curve coefficient of variation. Our results showed that RRM always approximated the (co)variance structure into an autoregressive pattern. Furthermore, RRM can offer useful information about longitudinal data in forage breeding trials, where the breeder can select genotypes based on their seasonality by interpreting reaction norms. Therefore, we recommend using RRM for longitudinal traits in breeding trials for perennial species
Reação de cultivares de trigo ao mosaico comum: uma década de resultados.
Full text linkO objetivo desse trabalho foi sintetizar resultados de avaliação de cultivares do Ensaio Estadual de Cultivares de Trigo do Rio Grande do Sul (EECT-RS), realizados na Embrapa Trigo entre 2012 e 2022, relacionando severidade dos sintomas e dano à produção de grãos e agrupando as cultivares em função dessas variáveis.Organizado por Juliano Luiz de Almeida
Climate change and agriculture: natural resources, geopolitics and science.
Full text linkClimate change and the development model. Natural energy that keeps us warm. Can humanity change a natural planetary process? The climate has changed! Now what?. How does agriculture relate to all this? Adaptation and mitigation in agriculture. Connecting the dots. The nexus between health, climate and food production. We need to talk. Climate geopolitics within the scope of the Convention. The beginnings of the Convention. Inducing a new perception and new parameters for the global economy. Contributing to Brazil’s position. The role of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in estimating emissions. Science and innovation for agriculture adapted to climate change. Science diplomacy. Structuring research into climate change and agriculture. A new institutional instrument focused on the country’s main challenges. Technological solutions for the climate. Approaches to address the climate emergency. Contributions to research, development and innovation. A look to the future. New research platform: structure, topics, and focuses. In a nutshell
Yield adaptability and stability in chickpea based on AMMI, eberhart and russell’s, lin and Binns’s, and WAASB models.
Full text linkThe objective of this study was to identify stable and high-yielding chickpea genotypes. Fifteen genotypes were evaluated during the 2020/2021 growing season using a randomized block design. Yield stability was assessed using the Eberhart and Russell, AMMI, and WAASB methods, and overall performance was determined by the Average Sum of Ranks (ASR). Genotypes FLIP02-23C, FLIP03-109C, and Jamu 96 presented the lowest ASR values, indicating superior yield stability and productivity. Additionally, some genotypes demonstrated specific adaptability to irrigated environments
Diameter distributions and spatial distribution patterns of tree species are important for planning sustainable management in natural forests in the eastern Amazon.
Full text linkIn the study described here we sought to answer the question: do commercial tree species that are being harvested in the Saracá-Taquera National Forest (STNF), have diameter and spatial distribution patterns that enable continuous timber production that meets criteria for conservation and sustainable management of their populations? We considered the hypothesis that "if the species population has a reverse J-shaped diameter distribution or has adult trees in all diameter classes and grouped spatial distributions, then it may be suitable for continuous production and be included in SFMPs". The diameter and spatial distribution patterns of 15 commercial tree species were evaluated in the STNF, which was being logged under a forest concession regime
Germinação e conservação ex situ de sementes de Mimosa dominarum e M. rheiptera , espécies ameaçadas e endêmicas da Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás.
Full text linkA conservação ex situ, é uma forma complementar à conservação in situ de espécies sob ameaça. Espécies endêmicas, como Mimosa dominarum Barneby e M. rheiptera Barneby, classificadas como Em Perigo pela IUCN e CNCFlora, sofrem riscos de extinção principalmente devido à perda de habitat. Foram realizadas expedições de campo na região da Chapada dos Veadeiros entre maio e agosto de 2024 para a localização de populações e coleta de sementes com o objetivo de conservação ex situ em longo prazo no Banco Genético da Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia (CENARGEN). Foram coletadas sementes em três populações de M. dominarum e uma de M. rheiptera . As sementes foram beneficiadas manualmente na Embrapa CENARGEN. Para determinar se as sementes apresentavam dormência, foram utilizados os seguintes tratamentos: (1) controle (sem quebra de dormência); (2) imersão em água quente (100º C) por cinco minutos e (3) aplicação de pirógrafo. Para testar a metodologia de conservação ex situ em longo prazo, foram aplicados três tratamentos antes da quebra de dormência (água quente): (1) controle (tempo zero de dessecação); (2) dessecação (em gerbox com sílica gel) e (3) dessecação e congelamento (-5º C por três meses). As sementes foram germinadas em placas petri (90mm) com papel filtro molhado. Foram feitas quatro repetições (N=30/placa) por tratamento que foram colocadas em BOD (30º C, 12h de fotoperíodo). A contagem de germinação foi realizada diariamente por um mês. Sementes de M. dominarum (média de três populações) e de M. rheiptera apresentaram 9% de umidade e possuem dormência, com apenas 4% e 6% de germinação no controle, respectivamente. Os dois tratamentos de quebra de dormência promoveram a germinação, mas a imersão em água quente (98% e 98%) foi mais eficiente quando comparada com a aplicação de pirógrafo (75% e 70%). Sementes de M. dominarum e M. rheiptera mantiveram alta germinação após dessecação seguida de congelamento (92% e 90%), portanto ambas espécies podem ser conservadas em longo prazo, contribuindo para a sua conservação e possibilitando futura reintrodução. O protocolo de conservação desenvolvido irá contribuir para a manutenção dessas espécies, assegurando sua viabilidade em longo prazo através do depósito de sementes no Banco Genético do CENARGEN. A capacidade dessas sementes de tolerar a dessecação e o congelamento reforça a sua preservação, contribuindo para programas de recuperação da flora ameaçada do Cerrado
Qualidade de frutos de laranjeira Pêra D-6 em combinação com diferentes porta-enxertos.
Full text linkO estudo analisou a qualidade dos frutos da laranjeira ‘Pera’ sobre 31 porta-enxertos em Sergipe. Avaliando atributos físicos e químicos, constatou-se diferença significativa apenas no rendimento de suco entre os grupos. Os resultados são preliminares, indicando a necessidade de novas safras para recomendações definitivas sobre os materiais testados
Production of oleogels from cellulose and starch cryogels: morphological, thermal, mechanical, and viscoelastic properties.
Full text linkThis study explores cryogels derived from cotton cellulose and potato starch as templates for soybean oleogel production. Cryogels were prepared using a freeze-drying method with cellulose and starch in various mass ratios (pure cellulose, pure starch, 20 cellulose/80 starch, 20 starch/80 cellulose, and 50 starch/50 cellulose) and then evaluated for mechanical and rheological properties
Diversidade genética do cambuizeiro em Sergipe.
Full text linkestudo avaliou a diversidade genética de populações de cambuizeiro em Sergipe via marcadores ISSR. Os resultados indicaram baixa diversidade genética, com 84% da variação ocorrendo dentro das próprias populações. Os dados são fundamentais para criar estratégias de conservação e manejo sustentável desta frutífera nativa no Nordeste brasileiro
Standardization of sporulation and inoculation methodologies and reaction of acerola genotypes to dieback.
Full text linkAcerola cultivation has been expanding in Brazilian Northeast region. However, diseases caused by Botryosphaeriaceae fungi, such as dieback, may affect acerola orchards. This study aimed to standardize sporulation and inoculation methods, to assess Lasiodiplodia sp. aggressiveness in three hosts, and resistance of acerola genotypes to dieback. Five substrates obtained from host species and five Botryosphaeriaceae isolates were used to induce sporulation, and three inoculation methods were assessed. The aggressiveness of eight Lasiodiplodia strains isolated from acerola was compared in mango, acerola, and grapevine seedlings and fruits. The resistance of 34 acerola genotypes was assessed after inoculation with an aggressive Lasiodiplodia strain. Sporulation was higher in the mango leaf and acerola branch, and the cork-borer method was the easiest and fastest one. Acerola was the most susceptible host, and there was a difference in the aggressiveness among Lasiodiplodia sp. strains. There was a difference in susceptibility to dieback among acerola genotypes. This study provides alternative methodologies for sporulation and inoculation of Botryosphaeriaceae fungi and resistant acerola genotypes to dieback for further use in breeding programs