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The viability of peanuts and soybean from 2019 to 2023: a study of the economic cost of crops
No full textO presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a rentabilidade e os custos de produção do amendoim e da soja no período de 2019 a 2023, com enfoque nas cidades de Jaboticabal, principal produtora de amendoim no estado de São Paulo, e Londrina, destacada no cultivo de soja no Paraná. O amendoim é uma cultura de grande relevância para a microregião de Jaboticabal, no estado de São Paulo. Já a soja, de importância global, é amplamente cultivada nos estados do Paraná, Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul, consolidando-se como uma das principais commodities agrícolas do país. A partir de dados coletados da CONAB entre 2019 e 2023, foram aplicadas técnicas metodológicas quantitativas para avaliar os custos econômicos de ambas as culturas. Os resultados indicam que, apesar do aumento nos custos de produção, o amendoim demonstrou maior robustez econômica em comparação à soja. Esta pesquisa exploratória permitiu realizar uma análise comparativa do ponto de vista econômico para colaborar com a decisão dos produtores rurais.This study aims to analyze the profitability and production costs of peanuts and soybeans from 2019 to 2023, focusing on the cities of Jaboticabal, the main peanut producer in the state of São Paulo, and Londrina, a prominent soybean producer in Paraná. Peanuts are a highly relevant crop for the microregion of Jaboticabal, a major regional peanut producer. Soybeans, of global importance, are widely cultivated in the states of Paraná, Mato Grosso, and Mato Grosso do Sul, consolidating their position as one of the main agricultural commodities in the country. Based on data collected from CONAB between 2019 and 2023, the costs and economic viability of both crops were compared. The results indicate that, despite the increase in production costs, peanuts demonstrated greater economic robustness compared to soybeans. This exploratory research allowed for a comparative analysis from an economic point of view to collaborate with rural producers' decision-making
XXIV Brazilian Symposium of Electrochemistry and Electroanalysis (XXIV SIBEE — Simpósio Brasileiro de Eletroquímica e Eletroanalítica) — Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
No full textInstitute of Chemistry Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte Campus Universitário, Av. Salgado Filho S/N, Lagoa-Nova CEP, RNAlternative Technologies of Detection Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM) Institute of Chemistry São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Francisco Degni, 55, Bairro Quitandinha, SPLorena School of Engineering University of São Paulo, Estrada Municipal Do Campinho S/N, São PauloInstitute of Chemistry Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), MGFaculty of Exact Sciences and Technology Federal University of Grande Dourados – UFGD, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum Km 12, MSAlternative Technologies of Detection Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM) Institute of Chemistry São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Francisco Degni, 55, Bairro Quitandinha, S
Deliberation, Polarization, and Emotion: A Deliberative Process about Climate Change with Young Participants
No full textIn light of the increase in democratic innovation processes in recent decades, there is ongoing debate as to whether deliberative participation reduces levels of affective and issue-based political polarisation. This field study analyses the role of emotions in a deliberative process about climate change conducted by the AOS! Programme in Spain in 2022. 137 participants aged 10–12 years organised into mixed and enclave groups answered a survey to determine their level of concern about climate change and both affective and issue-based polarisation, in order to assess whether feeling worried about climate change could influence their level of political polarisation. The results show that neither the enclave nor the mixed groups had significant effects on their affective polarisation, as the children only answered according to their level of concern about climate change. However, participation influenced their levels of issue-based polarisation, depolarising less worried participants. These findings demonstrate that emotions have an impact on cognition through participation and that feelings about political topics should be considered in deliberative studies.Universidad de MálagaDepartment of Clinical Psychology São Paulo State UniversityDepartment of Social Psycholgy Social Work and Social Services and Social Antropology University of MálagaCOIDESO (Center for Research in Contemporary Thought and Intervention for Social Development) University of HuelvaDepartment of Clinical Psychology São Paulo State Universit
Financial evaluation of sugarcane area for own production and leasing
No full textDiante da crescente relevância do setor sucroenergético no Brasil, torna-se fundamental que os produtores compreendam as implicações financeiras das diferentes modalidades contratuais disponíveis para a produção de cana-de-açúcar. A escolha entre arrendamento e fornecimento impacta diretamente a rentabilidade e os riscos assumidos pelos agentes envolvidos. Este trabalho realizou uma análise financeira comparativa entre os contratos de arrendamento e fornecimento de cana-de-açúcar, visando identificar a alternativa mais viável economicamente ao produtor rural. O estudo foi conduzido em uma propriedade agrícola localizada em Uberaba (MG), utilizando dados reais de custos, receitas e produtividade. As receitas foram estimadas com base no valor do ATR para o fornecimento e no custo fixo regional para o arrendamento, sendo de R 2.180,00 ha-1 respectivamente. A simulação financeira considerou cinco cortes da cana-de-açúcar, considerando o ciclo mais convencional do canavial no Brasil, com produtividade média de 85 t ha-1 O arrendamento apresentou menor demanda de capital de investimento, gerando um Valor Presente Líquido (VPL) de R 6.215,32, TIR de 36% e ROI de 18,5%. Embora apresentou maior investimento inicial, o fornecimento demonstrou retorno superior ao arrendamento. O arrendamento, por sua vez, é vantajoso em contextos de menor disponibilidade de recursos ou maior aversão ao risco. O estudo contribui para decisões estratégicas dos produtores, considerando aspectos técnicos, financeiros e operacionais.Given the growing relevance of the sugar-energy sector in Brazil, it is essential that producers understand the financial implications of the different contractual modalities available for sugarcane production. The choice between land leasing and supply contracts directly impacts the profitability and risks assumed by the involved parties. This study conducted a comparative financial analysis between land lease and supply contracts for sugarcane, aiming to identify the most economically viable alternative for rural producers. The research was carried out on an agricultural property located in Uberaba (MG), using real data on costs, revenues, and productivity. Revenues were estimated based on the ATR (Total Recoverable Sugars) value for supply contracts and on the regional fixed payment for leases, which were R2,180.00 per hectare, respectively. The financial simulation considered five sugarcane harvests, following the most conventional production cycle in Brazil, with an average yield of 85 tons per hectare. Leasing required less investment capital, resulting in a Net Present Value (NPV) of R6,215.32, IRR of 36%, and ROI of 18.5%. Although it required higher initial investment, the supply model yielded superior returns compared to leasing. Leasing, however, proved advantageous in scenarios of limited financial resources or higher risk aversion. This study contributes to strategic decisionmaking for producers, considering technical, financial, and operational aspects
Epidemiological profile of patients treated by the oral and maxillofacial surgery and traumatology service of FOA–UNESP
No full textAs lesões envolvendo o esqueleto maxilofacial, especialmente as fraturas faciais, representam uma parcela significativa dos atendimentos realizados em unidades ambulatoriais e hospitalares. Dentre os diversos tipos de trauma, as fraturas faciais destacam-se por sua elevada incidência e pelo impacto funcional e estético que acarretam. Apesar desse cenário, observa-se que políticas públicas voltadas à prevenção desses traumas vêm sendo implementadas de forma contínua pelos órgãos governamentais. Este trabalho teve como propósito caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico das fraturas faciais atendidas entre os anos de 2022, 2023 e 2024 na região de Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil. Os casos analisados foram encaminhados ao Serviço de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Facial da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba – UNESP. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de formulário padronizado, sendo os registros organizados e avaliados. Os critérios de análise incluíram etiologia, gênero, faixa etária, localização anatomica da fratura, tipo (simples ou associada), classificação e conduta terapêutica adotada. Durante o período analisado, foram registrados 1.937 pacientes, com predominância do sexo masculino (63,45%) em relação ao feminino (36,55%). As quedas representaram a principal causa dos traumas faciais (27,3%), seguidas por acidentes com motocicletas (14,23%). A fratura nasal foi a mais frequente (19,97 %), com alta incidência também de fraturas mandibulares e do complexo zigomático-maxilar-orbitário. A maior parte dos casos foi tratada de forma conservadora (75,64%). Os resultados obtidos demonstram que os objetivos do estudo foram alcançados, contribuindo para o entendimento da distribuição dos traumas faciais na região, além de reforçar a importância do serviço no atendimento à comunidade e na formação de profissionais da área odontológica.Injuries to the maxillofacial skeleton and, as a consequence, facial fractures represent a large percentage of outpatient and hospital visits. Facial fractures have the highest incidence among traumatic injuries. On the other hand, public policies aimed at preventing such traumas have been continuously implemented by governments. This study aimed to characterize the epidemiological profile of facial fractures treated between the years 2022, 2023, and 2024 in the region of Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil. The analyzed cases were referred to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology Service of the School of Dentistry of Araçatuba – UNESP. Data collection was carried out using a standardized form, with the records organized and evaluated. The analysis criteria included etiology, gender, age group, anatomical location of the fracture, type (simple or associated), classification, and adopted therapeutic approach. During the analyzed period, 1.937 patients were registered, with a predominance of males (63.45%) over females (36.55%). Falls were the main cause of facial trauma (27.3%), followed by motorcycle accidents (14.23%). Nasal fractures were the most frequent (19.97%), with a high incidence also of mandibular and zygomatic-maxillary-orbital complex fractures. Most cases were treated conservatively (75.64%). The results obtained demonstrate that the objectives of the study were achieved, contributing to the understanding of the distribution of facial trauma in the region, and reinforcing the importance of the service in providing care to the community and in the training of professionals in the dental field
EntrEvista com Lauro FrEdErico BarBosa da siLvEira
No full textThe interview conducted in 2017 with Professor Lauro Frederico Barbosa da Silveira is published. This republication is a posthumous tribute to this philosopher who was one of the founders of the Trans/ Form/Ação Journal 50 years ago. A profound expert on various topics in Philosophy and other areas, Lauro was a pioneer in Semiotics studies in Brazil, having contributed to the consolidation and dissemination of the field. The interview addresses several subjects, such as the origin, academic and professional background of the interviewee, the role of semiotics, the philosopher and philosophy in the world, the inseparability between theory and practice, the Brazilian political scenario, the role of information and the media in the formation of habits, autonomous action, and the function of emotions in the production of theories.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (Unesp), SPDepartamento de Filosofia e PPGil Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (Unesp), SPConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), DFUniversidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (Unesp), SPDepartamento de Filosofia e PPGil Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (Unesp), S
Phytochemical insights into flavonoids in cancer: Mechanisms, therapeutic potential, and the case of quercetin
No full textQuercetin, a flavonoid known for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has gained attention in cancer therapy due to its ability to modulate key molecular pathways involved in tumor progression and immune evasion. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of quercetin's effects on pathways such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK/ERK, NF-κB, and JAK/STAT, which are central to cancer cell survival, proliferation, and apoptosis. Through inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK/ERK signaling, quercetin promotes apoptosis and reduces proliferation specifically in cancer cells while sparing healthy cells. Additionally, quercetin downregulates NF-κB activity and modulates JAK/STAT signaling, enhancing immune recognition of cancer cells and decreasing inflammation in the tumor microenvironment. Emerging nanoformulation strategies are also discussed, highlighting how nanotechnology can improve quercetin's bioavailability and targeting capabilities. Unlike other reviews, this work uniquely integrates molecular insights with cutting-edge nanoformulations, showcasing quercetin's dual potential as a therapeutic agent and an immune modulator in the evolving landscape of cancer treatment. This review underscores quercetin's multifaceted role in cancer treatment and suggests future directions to optimize its clinical efficacy, particularly in combination with conventional therapies.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Vicerrectorado de Investigación Universidad Católica de Santa María de ArequipaDepartment of Biological Sciences School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), SPFacultad de Ingeniería de Procesos – Universidad Nacional de San Agustín, ArequipaLaboratorio BIOMET Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Av. Túpac Amaru 210, RímacDepartment of Biological Sciences School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), SPFAPESP: #2020/16573-3FAPESP: #2023/01664-
Anatomical analysis of the stem and root of arboreal legumes in relation to fire
No full textO fogo se tornou um fator evolutivo importante para as plantas em vários ecossistemas. Espécies vegetais desenvolveram adaptações para sobreviver ao fogo, e acabaram por se tornar dependentes da dinâmica de ecossistemas inflamáveis. O aparecimento de estruturas subterrâneas especializadas, ramos e caules mais espessos e maior produção de sementes e frutos após o fogo foram características selecionadas por essas condições. No Brasil, o Cerrado apresenta variedade de espécies pertencentes à família Fabaceae, e algumas delas possuem adaptações que permitem o rebrotamento e sobrevivência ao regime de fogo. Dessa forma, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar características anatômicas das raízes e dos caules de Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan, Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg, Erythrina mulungu Mart. Ex Benth., Bauhinia variegata L., Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub., cinco espécies de arbóreas da família Fabaceae, que são nativas do Cerrado, após o experimento de fogo controlado. Para que fosse possível a realização do projeto, mudas foram cultivadas em casa de vegetação durante 6 meses, um terço foi utilizado para análises anatômicas, um terço foi para casa de vegetação por mais seis meses, o último terço foi para o experimento de fogo controlado e foi cultivado por mais 6 meses. As análises anatômicas foram realizadas em plantas de controle e plantas do fogo. Os resultados obtidos foram organizados em tabelas e pranchas de imagens. Nas raízes e caules foi possível classificar seu revestimento, floema secundário e primário, câmbio vascular, xilema, elementos de vaso e apenas no caule a medula; comparando-os entre espécies e antes e após a passagem do fogo. Nas raízes os testes histoquímicos evidenciaram a presença de amido em algumas idades, substâncias pécticas em todas as espécies e todas as idades e a presença do súber em todas as espécies e em todos os estágios, A. colubrina e A. peregrina apresentaram compostos fenólicos apenas antes da passagem do fogo, B. variegata e E. mulungu apresentaram antes e após a passagem do fogo e P. dubium apresentou apenas após a passagem do fogo. Os caules apresentaram gemas cotiledonares de germinação hipógea em todas as espécies, com exceção de P. dubium, que apresentou germinação epígea; o grau de germinação variou de 0 a 2, A. colubrina e A. peregrina apresentaram grau 0, B. variegata e P. dubium apresentaram grau 2 e E. mulungu apresentou grau 1. Foi possível concluir que o fogo em experimento controlado pode promover algumas alterações anatômicas em caules e raízes em espécies de leguminosas arbóreas jovens.Fire has become an important evolutionary factor for plants in various ecosystems. Plant species developed adaptations to survive fire and eventually became dependent on the dynamics of flammable ecosystems. The appearance of specialized underground structures, thicker branches and stems, and increased production of seeds and fruits after fire were characteristics selected by these conditions. In Brazil, the Cerrado presents a variety of species belonging to the Fabaceae family, and some of them possess adaptations that allow resprouting and survival to the fire regime. Thus, the objective of the study was to evaluate anatomical characteristics of the roots and stems of Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan, Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg, Erythrina mulungu Mart. Ex Benth., Bauhinia variegata L., and Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub., five arboreal species of the Fabaceae family native to the Cerrado, after a controlled fire experiment. To carry out the project, seedlings were cultivated in a greenhouse for 6 months; one-third was used for anatomical analyses, one-third was kept in the greenhouse for an additional six months, and the final third underwent the controlled fire experiment and was cultivated for another 6 months. Anatomical analyses were performed on control plants and fire-exposed plants. The obtained results were organized into tables and image plates. In the roots and stems, it was possible to classify their covering tissue, secondary and primary phloem, vascular cambium, xylem, vessel elements, and (only in the stem) the pith, comparing them between species and before and after fire exposure. In the roots, histochemical tests showed the presence of starch at some stages, pectic substances in all species and at all stages, and the presence of cork in all species and at all stages. A. colubrina and A. peregrina showed phenolic compounds only before fire exposure, B. variegata and E. mulungu showed them before and after fire exposure, and P. dubium showed them only after fire exposure. The stems presented cotyledonary buds characteristic of hypogeal germination in all species, with the exception of P. dubium, which showed epigeal germination; the degree [of development/activity of these buds, or a similar scored characteristic] varied from 0 to 2: A. colubrina and A. peregrina showed grade 0, B. variegata and P. dubium showed grade 2, and E. mulungu showed grade 1. It was possible to conclude that fire in a controlled experiment can promote some anatomical changes in the stems and roots of young arboreal legume species.Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica (PIBIC)721
Introduction to exploring the progress in fundamental, functional material and health aspects of melanins and related materials
No full textCentre for Integrative Semiconductor Materials Department of Physics Swansea University Bay Campus, Fabian WaySchool of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, Block N4.1São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Sciences Department of Physics and MeteorologySão Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Sciences Department of Physics and Meteorolog
Correlation Between Wind Turbine Failures and Environmental Conditions: A Machine Learning Approach
No full textWind energy has emerged as a vital renewable source, competing with conventional energy due to its clean and inexhaustible nature. However, the global mass production of wind turbines often disregards the unique environmental conditions of installation sites, leading to performance and reliability challenges. This study applies machine learning methodologies to analyze the correlation between wind turbine failures and local environmental conditions. The research leverages Rough Set Theory to transform instances of undesirable turbine shutdowns - especially those influenced by incomplete tropicalization processes - into actionable decision rules. The findings provide practical insights applicable to wind farms worldwide, enabling optimized maintenance strategies and precise adjustments to protection parameters. These improvements contribute to reducing failure rates, enhancing energy conversion efficiency, and promoting the sustainable expansion of wind energy across diverse geographic and climatic contexts.Federal University of ABC (UFABC) Center for Engineering Modeling and Applied Social SciencesCemig Generation and TransmissionInstitute of Biosciences Humanities and Exact Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP)Institute of Science and Technology Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) Department of Science and TechnologyInstitute of Biosciences Humanities and Exact Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP