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Filosofía de la simbiosis: escuchar la tierra y cultivar saberes en la enseñanza de la filosofía
No full textNa presente tese de doutorado, investigamos o ensino de Filosofia a partir do problema da desterritorialização do saber, um processo que desconecta o conhecimento de nossa terra e da história, fragmentando relações e ignorando nossa ancestralidade. Propomos uma Filosofia da simbiose, fundamentada em nossos estudos sobre ancestralidades. A educação formal nos afasta da diversidade que nos cerca, silenciando ritmos e relações que nos vinculam a humanos e não humanos. Reconhecer o poder da terra em regenerar o que foi devastado pode nos ensinar a cuidar, a sonhar juntos e a agir em sincronia com a vida. No primeiro capítulo, discutimos a desterritorialização do saber a partir da perspectiva dos povos ancestrais. No ensino de Filosofia, esse processo se manifesta tanto na institucionalização excessiva do ensino quanto no foco exclusivo na tradição filosófica europeia, que ignora os problemas do nosso território. Argumentamos que a raiz desse problema está na desconexão com nossa ancestralidade e que uma educação ambiental crítica pode ser um caminho para a reconexão. Para enfrentar essa desterritorialização, propomos, no segundo capítulo, uma investigação filosófica interdisciplinar sobre o universo dos fungos e do mundo microscópico. Esses organismos funcionam como lentes para compreendermos os processos ecológicos que sustentam nossas relações, ao mesmo tempo que nos conectam com nossa ancestralidade não humana e fornecem a base para nossa Filosofia da simbiose. Por fim, no último capítulo, investigamos as conexões não lineares que emergem das relações ecológicas, explorando tessituras, redes oníricas e fúngicas. Ou seja, estudamos as sincronias como formas de saber que nos conduzem à inteligência das conexões fundamentais à biodiversidade. Com isso, buscamos compreender como uma organização escolar pode dialogar com as dinâmicas da floresta, construindo uma rede comunitária de saberes dentro da escola. Esta tese propõe um ensino de Filosofia que cultive essas conexões, que aprenda com as imprecisões e que amplie o espaço para a escuta da terra e para o cultivo de saberes. Somente assim poderemos reaprender a sonhar juntos.In this doctoral thesis, we investigate the teaching of Philosophy through the lens of the problem of the deterritorialization of knowledge, a process that disconnects knowledge from our land and history, fragmenting relationships and ignoring our ancestry. We propose a Philosophy of Symbiosis, grounded in our studies on ancestralities. Formal education distances us from the diversity around us, silencing rhythms and relationships that connect us to both humans and non-humans. Recognizing the power of the earth to regenerate what has been devastated can teach us to care, to dream together, and to act in sync with life. In the first chapter, we discuss the deterritorialization of knowledge from the perspective of ancestral peoples. In the teaching of Philosophy, this process manifests both in the excessive institutionalization of education and in the exclusive focus on the European philosophical tradition, which ignores the problems of our own territory. We argue that the root of this issue lies in the disconnection from our ancestry and that critical environmental education can be a path to reconnection. To address this deterritorialization, in the second chapter, we propose an interdisciplinary philosophical investigation into the universe of fungi and the microscopic world. These organisms serve as lenses to understand the ecological processes that sustain our relationships, while also connecting us to our non-human ancestry and providing the foundation for our Philosophy of Symbiosis. Finally, in the last chapter, we investigate the non-linear connections that emerge from ecological relationships, exploring textures, dreamlike networks, and fungal networks. In other words, we study synchronies as forms of knowledge that lead us to the intelligence of the fundamental connections essential to biodiversity. Through this, we seek to understand how a school organization can engage with the dynamics of the forest, building a community network of knowledge within the school. This thesis proposes a Philosophy education that cultivates these connections, learns from uncertainties, and expands the space for listening to the earth and nurturing knowledge. Only then can we relearn how to dream together.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES
Circus skills in the development of motor skills in elementary school students
No full textAs atividades circenses são reconhecidas por sua natureza inclusiva, lúdica e não competitiva, vêm se consolidando como uma abordagem pedagógica relevante no contexto da Educação Física Escolar. Esse tipo de prática proporciona aos alunos vivências que transcendem os movimentos convencionais, promovendo não apenas o desenvolvimento de habilidades motoras, mas também contribuindo para aspectos sociais, afetivos e culturais no ambiente escolar. Diferentemente das abordagens tradicionais, as práticas circenses favorecem a participação de todos, especialmente daqueles que, por diferentes razões, demonstram resistência às atividades de caráter competitivo. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os efeitos da implementação das atividades circenses nas aulas de Educação Física, especificamente no desenvolvimento de aspectos motores, de aptidão física e na percepção de satisfação dos estudantes do terceiro ano do ensino fundamental. A pesquisa adota um delineamento quantitativo, realizada em uma escola pública, na qual os alunos participaram de uma intervenção pedagógica composta por doze encontros, utilizando-se diferentes modalidades circenses. Durante o processo, foram avaliadas variáveis como equilíbrio estático, motricidade ampla, flexibilidade, além do nível de satisfação dos participantes. Os resultados demonstraram avanços expressivos no equilíbrio estático e na motricidade ampla, comprovando que as atividades circenses contribuem de forma significativa para o desenvolvimento dos aspectos motores. Observou-se que os estudantes do sexo masculino conseguiram alcançar o nível de idade motora compatível com sua idade cronológica, enquanto as estudantes do sexo feminino, embora não tenham atingido completamente esse patamar, apresentaram evoluções significativas ao longo da intervenção. No que se refere à variável flexibilidade, os resultados indicaram ganhos discretos, mais perceptíveis entre as alunas, embora tais diferenças não tenham apresentado significância estatística, possivelmente devido ao curto período da intervenção e ao fato de que essa variável não constituiu o foco central da pesquisa. Outro dado relevante refere-se ao elevado índice de aceitação e satisfação dos alunos em relação às atividades propostas. Os participantes demonstraram altos níveis de motivação, interesse e engajamento, o que reforça o potencial das práticas circenses como ferramenta pedagógica eficaz, capaz de proporcionar não apenas benefícios no desenvolvimento motor, mas também contribuir para um ambiente escolar mais dinâmico, prazeroso e inclusivo. Diante dos resultados, conclui-se que a inserção das atividades circenses nas aulas de Educação Física configura-se como uma estratégia metodológica inovadora e eficiente, que favorece o desenvolvimento motor, amplia as possibilidades pedagógicas e torna o processo de ensino e aprendizagem mais significativos e atrativo para os alunos.Circus skills are recognized for their inclusive, playful, and non-competitive nature, and they have been consolidating themselves as a relevant pedagogical approach in the context of Physical Education in schools. That type of practice provides students with experiences that transcend conventional movements, promoting not only the development of motor skills but also contributing to social, emotional, and cultural aspects of the school environment. Unlike traditional approaches, circus practices encourage the participation of everyone, especially those who, for various reasons, may initially demonstrate resistance to competitive activities. The present study aimed to analyze the effects of implementing circus skills in Physical Education classes, specifically on the development of motor skills, physical fitness, and the perception of satisfaction of third-year elementary school students. The research employed a quantitative design, conducted in a public school, where students participated in a pedagogical intervention comprising twelve meetings that employed various circus modalities. During the process, variables such as static balance, gross motor skills, flexibility, and participant satisfaction were evaluated. The results demonstrated significant improvements in static balance and gross motor skills, proving that circus skills contribute significantly to the development of motor skills. It was observed that male students were able to reach a motor age level compatible with their chronological age, while female students, although they did not fully reach this level, showed significant improvements throughout the intervention. Regarding the flexibility variable, the results indicated slight gains, more noticeable among female students, although such differences were not statistically significant, possibly due to the short intervention period and the fact that such variable was not the central focus of the research. Another relevant piece of information refers to the high level of acceptance and satisfaction of students in relation to the proposed activities. Participants demonstrated high levels of motivation, interest, and engagement, which reinforces the potential of circus practices as an effective pedagogical tool, capable of providing not only benefits in motor development but also contributing to a more dynamic, enjoyable, and inclusive school environment. Given the results, it can be concluded that the inclusion of circus activities in Physical Education classes is an innovative and efficient methodological strategy, that favors motor development, expands pedagogical possibilities, and makes the teaching and learning process more meaningful and attractive for students
Implications du développement de la conscience critique par la modélisation mathématique utilisant ChatGPT
No full textDesde suas primeiras aplicações, a inteligência artificial evoluiu rapidamente, impactando diversos campos acadêmicos. Na educação, ferramentas como o ChatGPT oferecem oportunidades para aprimorar a aprendizagem, incluindo a produção de modelos matemáticos, que podem estimular o pensamento crítico. Além disso, uma educação voltada para a formação cidadã deve promover o desenvolvimento da consciência crítica. No entanto, ainda há poucas pesquisas sobre a relação entre modelagem matemática e consciência crítica. Este estudo busca entender como essa consciência se manifesta no processo de modelagem com o ChatGPT e suas implicações para uma nova visão da matemática. A modelagem matemática, além de fortalecer o pensamento crítico, pode tornar a matemática mais atrativa e conectada ao cotidiano. Para analisar e validar os modelos gerados, propõe-se uma estrutura analítica baseada na educação matemática crítica. A expectativa é que, por meio da prática – envolvendo a criação e discussão dos modelos –, os estudantes aprimorem sua consciência crítica ao longo do processo, consolidando a modelagem matemática como uma ferramenta essencial nesse desenvolvimento.Since its early applications, artificial intelligence has rapidly evolved, impacting various academic fields. In education, tools like ChatGPT offer opportunities to enhance learning, including the creation of mathematical models that can foster critical thinking. Furthermore, education aimed at forming engaged citizens should promote the development of critical consciousness. However, there is still limited research on the relationship between mathematical modeling and critical consciousness. This study seeks to understand how this awareness manifests during the modeling process with ChatGPT and its implications for a new perspective on mathematics. Mathematical modeling, in addition to strengthening critical thinking, can make mathematics more appealing and connected to everyday life. To analyze and validate the generated models, an analytical framework based on critical mathematics education is proposed. The expectation is that, through practice—involving the creation and discussion of models—students will enhance their critical awareness throughout the process, establishing mathematical modeling as an essential tool in this development.Desde sus primeras aplicaciones, la inteligencia artificial ha evolucionado rápidamente, impactando diversos campos académicos. En el ámbito educativo, herramientas como ChatGPT ofrecen oportunidades para mejorar el aprendizaje, incluyendo la creación de modelos matemáticos que pueden fomentar el pensamiento crítico. Además, una educación orientada a la formación ciudadana debe promover el desarrollo de la conciencia crítica. Sin embargo, todavía existen pocas investigaciones sobre la relación entre la modelación matemática y la conciencia crítica. Este estudio busca comprender cómo se manifiesta esta conciencia durante el proceso de modelación con ChatGPT y sus implicaciones para una nueva visión de las matemáticas. La modelación matemática, además de fortalecer el pensamiento crítico, puede hacer que las matemáticas sean más atractivas y conectadas con la vida cotidiana. Para analizar y validar los modelos generados, se propone un marco analítico basado en la educación matemática crítica. Se espera que, a través de la práctica —que incluye la creación y discusión de modelos—, los estudiantes desarrollen su conciencia crítica a lo largo del proceso, consolidando la modelación matemática como una herramienta esencial en este desarrollo.Depuis ses premières applications, l’intelligence artificielle a évolué rapidement, impactant divers domaines académiques. Dans le domaine de l’éducation, des outils comme ChatGPT offrent des opportunités pour améliorer l’apprentissage, notamment par la création de modèles mathématiques qui peuvent stimuler la pensée critique. De plus, une éducation axée sur la formation citoyenne doit favoriser le développement de la conscience critique. Cependant, les recherches sur la relation entre la modélisation mathématique et la conscience critique restent limitées. Cette étude vise à comprendre comment cette conscience se manifeste au cours du processus de modélisation avec ChatGPT et quelles en sont les implications pour une nouvelle vision des mathématiques. La modélisation mathématique, en plus de renforcer la pensée critique, peut rendre les mathématiques plus attrayantes et liées à la vie quotidienne. Pour analyser et valider les modèles générés, un cadre analytique fondé sur l’éducation mathématique critique est proposé. L’on s’attend à ce que, par la pratique — incluant la création et la discussion des modèles —, les étudiants développent leur conscience critique tout au long du processus, consolidant la modélisation mathématique comme un outil essentiel dans ce développement
Analysis of the physical-mechanical performance of cementitious composites with the addition of eucalyptus wood particles
No full textThe use of composite materials produced with the addition of renewable raw materials has gained broad acceptance due to the increasing scarcity of natural resources. This research aimed to analyze the performance of composites produced with cement and wood using two different binders, with a focus on evaluating compressive strength at 28 days and bulk density. A total of 48 cement-wood specimens were produced, distributed across 8 treatments, each with 6 specimens. These treatments varied in terms of the type of Portland cement used (CP2 and CP5), the condition of Eucalyptus grandis wood particles (pre-treated with cold water or untreated), and the use of calcium chloride additive. The mechanical compression test was performed to determine the secant modulus of elasticity (Ecs,28) and the average compressive strength of concrete at 28 days (fcm), as well as the apparent density of the composites. Treatments with Portland CP5 cement and additives showed better mechanical performance.A utilização de materiais compósitos produzidos com adição de matérias-primas renováveis tem conquistado ampla aceitação devido à crescente escassez de recursos naturais. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar o desempenho de compósitos produzidos com cimento e madeira com dois diferentes aglomerantes, visando avaliar a resistência à compressão aos 28 dias e a densidade aparente. Foram produzidos um total de 48 corpos de prova de cimento-madeira, distribuídos em 8 tratamentos, cada um com 6 corpos de prova. Esses tratamentos variaram em relação ao tipo de cimento Portland utilizado (CP2 e CP5), à condição das partículas de madeira de Eucalyptus grandis (pré-tratadas com água fria ou in natura) e uso do aditivo cloreto de cálcio. Foram realizados o ensaio mecânico de compressão para a determinação do módulo de elasticidade secante (Ecs,28) e da resistência média do concreto à compressão aos 28 dias (fcm) e da densidade aparente dos compósitos. Os tratamentos com cimento Portland CP5 e com aditivos tiveram melhores desempenho mecânico.Universidade Estadual PaulistaUniversidade de São PauloUniversité LavalUniversidade Estadual Paulist
Rootstocks on yield and on nutrient uptake and extraction in ‘BRS Vitória’ grapevine
No full text‘BRS Vitória’ is the leading seedless table grape cultivar in tropical regions of Brazil, but there is a lack of information regarding suitable rootstocks for subtropical cultivation. This study aimed to evaluate the productive performance and nutrient cycling of ‘BRS Vitória’ grapevines grafted onto rootstocks ‘IAC 572’, ‘IAC 766’, and ‘1103P’ under subtropical climate conditions. Crop yield, nutrient content, and weight of shoots and bunches were assessed over two growing seasons, along with nutrient removal via pruning and harvest and nutrient utilization efficiency. The ‘IAC 572’ rootstock promoted greater shoot biomass accumulation and crop yield compared to ‘IAC 766’ and ‘1103P’. Both nutrient content and nutrient accumulation were also higher in grapevines grafted onto the ‘IAC 572’ rootstock. Nevertheless, the amount of nutrients transported to the bunch was comparatively lower than in ‘IAC 766’ and ‘1103P’. Given its superior productivity, nutrient accumulation capacity, and nutrient utilization efficiency, the ‘IAC 572’ rootstock is more suitable for ‘BRS Vitória’ grapevines in subtropical regions.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, SPInstituto Agronômico de Campinas Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Solos e Recursos Ambientais, SPUniversidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, SPCNPq: 140830/2020-0FAPESP: 2020/12152-3CNPq: 307377/2021-0CNPq: 406355/2018-
Omega-3 and aspirin in the nonsurgical treatment of grade C periodontitis: A randomized clinical trial
No full textBackground: The use of omega-3 (Ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, aspirin) has shown better clinical outcomes in the treatment of periodontitis compared to nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) alone. This randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate the use of 900 mg Ω-3 and 100 mg ASA for 180 days as adjuncts to NSPT for generalized stage III–IV grade C periodontitis (GCP). Methods: Patients underwent subgingival debridement (SD) associated with Ω-3+ASA or cellulose placebo and received monthly prophylaxis. Clinical and immunological parameters were compared at baseline, 3, and 6 months after treatment. The daily dose of Ω-3 consisted of 540 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 360 mg docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Results: Thirty-eight patients, 12 males (7 in the SD+Ω-3+AAS group and 5 in the SD+Placebo group; p > 0.05), with a mean age of 32.84 ± 5.47 and 30.42 ± 5.79 years, respectively (p > 0.05), were included. Both groups showed significant improvements (p 0.05). However, residual pockets' mean PD decrease (p < 0.05) was only observed at 6 months in the SD+Ω-3+ASA group. The concentration of interleukin (IL)-1β from moderate and deep pockets decreased (p < 0.05) in both groups. The matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 to tissue metalloproteinase inhibitor (TIMP)-1 ratio in the SD+Placebo group at 3 months revealed a proinflammatory profile in moderate (intergroup p = 0.006) and deep pockets (intergroup p < 0.001). Conclusion: Ω-3+ASA therapy did not add clinical benefits to the NSPT for generalized stage III–IV GCP, although some immunomodulatory benefits could be observed. Plain language summary: The use of omega-3 (Ω-3) and aspirin (ASA) along with subgingival debridement (SD) for root decontamination of periodontal pockets has shown better results in the nonsurgical treatment of gum disease and bone loss compared to SD alone. This investigation aimed to evaluate the use of 900 mg Ω-3 and 100 mg ASA for 180 days as adjuncts to the treatment of patients with gum disease and rapid bone loss rate. Thirty-eight patients underwent SD associated with Ω-3+ASA or placebo. Clinical and immunological parameters were evaluated at the beginning of the study and 3 and 6 months after. Both groups showed significant improvements. A significant reduction in the number of sites with diseased pockets was observed. The number of residual diseased sites was also significantly reduced, without differences between the groups. However, a significant decrease in the pocket size of the diseased sites was only observed at 6 months in the group that received Ω-3+ASA. The concentration of interleukin (IL)-1β (a protein present in the inflammatory process) from diseased sites significantly decreased in both groups. We concluded that the proposed therapy did not add any significant clinical benefits for patients with gum disease and rapid bone loss rate.Department of Diagnosis and Surgery Division of Periodontology Institute of Science and Technology São Paulo State University, São PauloDivision of Dentistry Faculdade Santo Antônio, São PauloDental Research Division Guarulhos University, São PauloDepartment of Oral Health Practice College of Dentistry University of KentuckyDepartment of Periodontics and Prosthodontics Division of Periodontics Piracicaba Dental School University of Campinas, São PauloDepartment of Diagnosis and Surgery Division of Periodontology Institute of Science and Technology São Paulo State University, São Paul
Social skills in gifted students
No full textPeople with high skills have a different behavioural repertoire and generally, such characteristics define their type of gifted. However, we do not have conclusive data regarding the characteristics of this population, since it is an area of study that generates many controversies, and when it comes to socio-emotional characteristics, investigations are even more scarce and conflicting. Thus, the present study tried to describe and compare the behavioural characteristics and social abilities of students with high skills, before and after participating in enrichment activities. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used, with the students themselves, their parents and teachers as informants. The results showed a good repertoire of social skills and few behaviour problems in these students, but there was no significant improvement in the second evaluation. As limitations, it was pointed out: the fact that the activities of curricular enrichment do not deal with the formal teaching of social skills; the reduced size of the sample and the lack of a control group to compare the results. As strong points, it was found that there are few studies that seek to describe the socio-emotional characteristics of this population, neglecting other needs that need to be observed and met.Department of Education Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)Department of Education Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP
Recreational fishing of elasmobranchs on the southern coast of the State of São Paulo: Composition and dynamics of catches
No full textA crescente preocupação com a conservação dos elasmobrânquios, grupo altamente ameaçado pela pesca, tem evidenciado lacunas no conhecimento sobre sua interação com a pesca amadora no Brasil. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a composição, o perfil das capturas e aspectos do esforço de pesca amadora direcionado a tubarões e raias no litoral sul do Estado de São Paulo, uma área reconhecida por sua elevada biodiversidade e importância ecológica. Os resultados revelaram uma atuação significativa da pesca amadora sobre indivíduos imaturos, em sua maioria pertencentes à espécie Carcharhinus falciformis, destacando padrões de seletividade e possíveis implicações sobre a dinâmica populacional. A ausência de um monitoramento sistemático oficial e a escassez de dados dificultam a mensuração real do impacto dessa atividade, que ainda é subestimada nas políticas de ordenamento pesqueiro. A pesquisa contribui para suprir parte dessa lacuna e reforça a necessidade de medidas mitigatórias, especialmente em regiões inseridas em áreas protegidas e de alta relevância ecológica.Concern about the conservation of elasmobranchs is growing. In addition to being a highly threatened group due to fishing, gaps in knowledge about the interaction of elasmobranchs with recreational fishing in Brazil have been highlighted. This study analyzed the composition, catch profile and aspects of recreational fishing efforts targeting sharks and rays on the southern coast of the state of São Paulo, an area recognized for its high biodiversity and ecological importance. The results revealed a significant impact of recreational fishing on immature individuals, especially those belonging to the species Carcharhinus falciformis, highlighting patterns of selectivity and possible implications for population dynamics. The lack of an official systematic monitoring and the scarcity of data make it difficult to truly measure the impact of this activity, which is still underestimated in fisheries management policies. Thus, the research contributes to filling part of this gap and reinforces the need for mitigation measures, especially in regions located in protected areas and of high ecological importance
Nationality in law and media narratives: the case of Cláudia Sobral Hoerig
No full textCláudia Sobral Hoerig protagonizou um caso extraordinário para o campo jurídico brasileiro. Autora do assassinato de seu marido, piloto reserva da Força Aérea norteamericana, em solo estadunidense, fugiu para sua terra natal, o Brasil, iniciando um longo processo de negociação entre os países. Pretendeu-se, através deste caso, debruçar-se sobre a análise da cobertura midiática que vigorou ao longo dos anos, além de analisar especificamente através do portal de notícias WFMJ, com o intuito de perscrutar a representação de sua nacionalidade. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa, buscou, por conseguinte, identificar se a mídia americana retratou Cláudia predominantemente como americana, brasileira ou ambas, e se essa representação convergiu com a sua condição jurídica. Para tanto, o estudo explora a legislação brasileira sobre nacionalidade, perda de nacionalidade e extradição, bem como o papel da mídia na formação da opinião pública, de maneira a contribuir para o debate do Direito Internacional.Cláudia Sobral Hoerig was at the center of an extraordinary case in the Brazilian legal field. After committing the murder of her husband, a reserve pilot in the United States Air Force, on American soil, she fled to her homeland, Brazil, triggering a prolonged negotiation process between the two countries. This study aims to analyze the media coverage surrounding the case over the years, with a specific focus on the news portal WFMJ, in order to examine the representation of her nationality. Through a qualitative and quantitative approach, the research sought to determine whether the American media predominantly portrayed Cláudia as American, Brazilian, or both, and whether this representation aligned with her legal status. To achieve this, the study explores Brazilian legislation on nationality, loss of nationality, and extradition, as well as the role of the media in shaping public opinion, contributing to the debate within International Law
Investigating Pb Nanostructures with a Density-Functional Tight-Binding Approach: Slater-Koster Parameters
No full textIntercalation in epigraphene systems is an established technique widely used to modify the electronic structure of graphene and to synthesize otherwise unstable two-dimensional layers with exotic electronic properties. However, capturing the full symmetry of the heterostructure requires a large number of atoms, rendering traditional electronic-structure approaches computationally demanding. Density-functional-based tight-binding (DFTB) offers an efficient alternative, balancing accuracy and reduced computational cost. For heavy elements such as Pb, however, proper parameters for these types of calculations are not available in the open literature. In this work, we developed a Slater-Koster parameter set for the elements Si, C, and Pb, enabling the investigation of the electronic structure of various elemental and binary solid-state structures, such as graphene, plumbene, and silicon carbide. Our results obtained with DFTB for bulk Pb and Pb/SiC structures show good qualitative agreement with pure DFT calculations. Furthermore, the inclusion of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) significantly modifies their electronic properties, aligning with DFT findings. These results underscore the capability of the optimized parameters to accurately model complex systems, allowing investigations of larger systems closer to experimental observations.Technische Universität Chemnitz Institut für PhysikDepartamento de Física Universidade Estadual Paulista Instituto de Geociências e Ciências ExatasDepartamento de Física Universidade Estadual Paulista Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exata