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Serial association of dielectric barrier discharge and gliding arc systems: a novel approach for plasma-activated saline production
No full textPlasma-activated saline (PAS) holds immense potential for diverse applications, including antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammatory effects, and cancer therapy. This study introduces a novel approach utilizing a serially associated hybrid plasma discharge system, which combines dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) with a gliding arc plasma jet (GAPJ), to enhance the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) in saline water. The serial configuration of DBD and GAPJ effectively amplifies the generation of RONS, as confirmed by optical emission spectroscopy, which revealed unique emissions associated with nitrogen and oxygen ions. Significant changes in the physicochemical properties of saline were observed, including reductions in pH and increases in oxidation-reduction potential and total dissolved solids, particularly during the initial activation phase. Real-time UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed the formation of key RONS such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), ozone (O3), nitrite (NO2‒), and nitrate (NO3‒), with distinct absorption bands emerging in the UV region. Raman spectroscopy further confirmed the impact of plasma treatment on the molecular structure of saline, showing a weakening of the hydrogen-bonding network. This work offers new insights into PAS production using the serial association of DBD and GAPJ, advancing its potential for various therapeutic applications.Plasmas and Process Laboratory Department of Physics Aeronautics Institute TechnologyDepartment of Environment Engineering Institute of Science and Technology São Paulo State UniversityDepartment of Environment Engineering Institute of Science and Technology São Paulo State Universit
Unveiling the Superiority of naphthylene over biphenylene in silicon carbide 2D Architectures
No full textIn recent years, silicon carbide (SiC) has once again become a target of interest in the materials science community, this time with particular interest in two-dimensional materials, which have attracted attention due to their large surface area and infinitesimal volume. In this sense, this study introduces a novel SiC structure based on the recently reported naphthylene lattice, termed INP-SiC. It compares its electronic, mechanical and vibrational properties with the well-reported biphenylene-like SiC (BPN-SiC) via density functional theory (DFT) simulations. Both monolayers are stable at 300 K and exhibit high electron mobility, with INP-SiC reaching 94.890 102 cm2/V.s. INP-SiC also shows superior mechanical robustness, with Young's modulus (171.65 N/m) comparable to g-SiC (178.02 N/m) and T-SiC (182.22 N/m). Overall, this work is dedicated to showing the INP-SiC potential as a multifunctional 2D platform.Universidade Estadual PaulistaModeling and Molecular Simulation Group School of Sciences São Paulo State University, SPFederal Institute of Maranhao, MAComputational Nanotechnology DETEMA Facultad de Quimica UDELAR, MontevideoModeling and Molecular Simulation Group School of Sciences São Paulo State University, S
Herramientas biotecnológicas sostenibles para la remediación de suelos agrícolas con tebuthiuron
No full textEsta tese buscou realizar uma reflexão criteriosa da produção científica e estabelecer uma conexão lógica e fundamentada entre alguns trabalhos desenvolvidos pelo grupo de pesquisa do autor, evidenciando as contribuições para o avanço da ciência, a formação de recursos humanos e o desenvolvimento de linhas de pesquisa consolidadas pelo GAIA (Grupo de Ação em Impactos Ambientais – FCAT/UNESP). Foram selecionados seis artigos científicos publicados em periódicos de reconhecida relevância editorial e alto impacto na comunidade científica, abordando a biorremediação de solos agrícolas com tebuthiuron. A partir dessas publicações, foi realizada uma análise crítica dos seus resultados, com especial atenção para a avaliação de diferentes ferramentas biotecnológicas nestes processos (fitorremediação, bioestimulação, bioaumentação, biossorção), cujo intuito foi reduzir os impactos negativos da concentração residual do herbicida e melhorar a qualidade agrícola e ambiental na promoção de sistemas de produção sustentáveis. Além disso, foram estabelecidas as relações de causa e efeito entre as técnicas empregadas pelo uso do tebuthiuron associado a outros compostos comumente utilizados na agricultura: pesticidas, resíduos agroindustriais e/ou bioinsumos. A organização baseou-se na cronologia das pesquisas com o propósito de demonstrar a evolução do autor enquanto cientista, considerando a progressão na qualidade dos experimentos, o aprofundamento nas metodologias, a sofisticação das abordagens analíticas, as colaborações estabelecidas e a formação de novos profissionais. Ao final, são apresentadas algumas reflexões sobre o estado da arte da área de pesquisa a partir das descobertas dos artigos selecionados, destacando as contribuições específicas na biorremediação de solos agrícolas com pesticidas, além da apresentação de desafios e perspectivas futuras para o avanço e a consolidação de práticas agrícolas com o mínimo de riscos ambientais. Portanto, as lacunas identificadas e os resultados apresentados pelos estudos relevaram o destacado potencial científico desta temática no estabelecimento de processos inovadores em aplicações práticas de manejo que estimulem a sustentabilidade dos sistemas agroindustriais.This thesis aimed to conduct a critical analysis of scientific production and to establish a logical and well-founded connection among several studies developed by the author's research group, highlighting contributions to scientific advancement, human resource training, and the development of consolidated research lines within GAIA (Environmental Impact Action Group – FCAT/UNESP). Six scientific articles published in journals of recognized editorial relevance and high impact within the scientific community were selected, addressing the bioremediation of agricultural soils contaminated with tebuthiuron. Based on these publications, a critical evaluation of the results was performed, with special attention to the application of different biotechnological tools in these processes (phytoremediation, biostimulation, bioaugmentation, and biosorption), whose aim was to reduce the negative impacts of residual herbicide concentrations and to improve agricultural and environmental quality in the promotion of sustainable production systems. Furthermore, cause-and-effect relationships were established regarding the techniques employed using tebuthiuron associated with other compounds commonly used in agriculture: pesticides, agro-industrial residues, and/or bioinputs. The organization followed the chronological development of the research activities and publications to demonstrate the author's scientific evolution, considering the progression in the quality of the studies, the deepening of experimental methodologies, the sophistication of analytical approaches, the collaborations established, and the training of new professionals. Finally, reflections are presented on the state of the art in the research area based on the findings of the selected articles, emphasizing specific contributions to the field of pesticide-contaminated agricultural soil bioremediation, as well as highlighting future challenges and perspectives for advancing and consolidating agricultural practices with minimal environmental risk. Therefore, the identified gaps and the results presented by the studies highlighted the scientific potential of this topic for the establishment of innovative processes in practical management applications that foster the sustainability of agro-industrial systems
[Impacto da ecologia rodoviária nas espécies de capivaras: eventos operacionais de trânsito envolvendo capivaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) no trecho oeste de rodovia no Brasil]
No full textCapybaras can cause serious traffic accidents, generally resulting in the death of the animal. The objective of this study was to verify the occurrence of accidents expressed as a heat map and propose mitigation measures. The data analyzed comprised a concessioned stretch of highway in the west zone of the state of São Paulo, between January 2019 and December 2020. The parametric data were analyzed using the One-Way ANOVA test and T test. Hotspot maps and Kernel density were done using QGIS 3.20 software. The 946 capybaras were involved in road accidents during this period and, of these, 623 were removed from the highway and 323 died in the accidents. Ten hot spots were found, all concentrated in points with human interference, pointing to the need for mitigating measuresUniversidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho UNESP-FMVA, SPUniversidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho UNESP-FMVZ, SPUniversidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho UNESP-FMVA, SPUniversidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho UNESP-FMVZ, S
Sublethal pesticide exposure alters stress response, detoxification, and immunity gene expression in larvae of the stingless bee Frieseomelitta varia (Apidae: Meliponini)
No full textDuring foraging, stingless bees are at risk of pesticide contamination from treated field crops. Frieseomellita varia workers, for example, frequently visit pepper plants that are often treated with the herbicide clomazone (CLZ), the fungicide difenoconazole (DFZ), and the insecticide abamectin (ABM). These pesticides pose a threat not only to adult bees but also to larvae when the chemicals are brought back to the nest. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of sublethal concentrations of CLZ, DFZ, and ABM on the expression of stress marker proteins (HSP70AB and HSP83), detoxification enzymes (CYP9Q3, CYP6SA4, and CYTP450), and antimicrobial peptides (abaecin and defen-1) genes in F. varia larvae. First instar larvae were incubated for 48 h in ELISA plates, divided into five groups: Naive (control), acetone (acetone control), CLZ (0.014 ng a.i./µL), DFZ (0.0098 ng a.i./µL), and ABM (0.007 ng a.i./µL). After incubation, total RNA was extracted and analyzed by RT-qPCR to quantify transcript levels. While larval survival was unaffected, significant changes in gene expression patterns were observed. ABM exposure increased HSP70AB expression and decreased HSP83 expression. No changes in CYTP6SA4 expression were detected in bees exposed to any of the pesticides. DFZ suppressed CYP9Q3 expression, while ABM upregulated CYTP450 expression. Notably, the antimicrobial peptide gene abaecin was downregulated by all three compounds, whereas defen-1 expression increased in response to ABM. These findings suggest that sublethal concentrations of these pesticides can significantly alter the expression of genes associated with stress response, detoxification, and immunity in F. varia larvae. The disruption caused by herbicides and fungicides, alongside the known effects of insecticides, may impact bee physiology and colony homeostasis, with potentially unknown consequences for the survival of stingless bees in their natural environment.Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (UNESP)Department of Veterinary Medicine Federal University of ViçOsa (UFV)Department of Cellular and Developmental Biology Institute of Biomedical Sciences Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG)Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics (Ufscar) Federal University of São CarlosInstitute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (UNESP
Influence of Different Application Methods of Crude Lipopolysaccharides on Plant Growth, Productivity and on the Control of Tomato Bacterial Leaf Spot and Powdery Mildew
No full textLipopolysaccharides (LPS) are structural components of gram-negative bacteria that potentially induce innate immune responses in plants. A previous study demonstrated that an LPS acts as an elicitor, triggering systemic resistance against bacterial spot in tomato caused by Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. perforans. However, its long-term impact on plant growth, disease control and productivity remained unclear. The first experiment determined the optimal concentration of the crude LPS for effective bacterial spot control without deleterious effects on plants. The second experiment evaluated LPS application methods and timings that provide balanced benefits for plant growth, productivity and control of bacterial spot and powdery mildew. Additionally, the involvement of polyphenoloxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) in disease resistance was also investigated through gene expression assays. Results estimated 7.3 μg/mL as the optimal dose for minimising disease severity without compromising chlorophyll content. At least one application in the vegetative stage, using either electrostatic spraying or soil dispensing, yielded the most balanced outcomes for plant growth, productivity and disease control. Electrostatic spraying provided an average reduction in severity of 60% for bacterial spot and 32% for powdery mildew, while soil dispensing provided 58% and 28%, respectively. These treatments also promoted increased PAL gene expression, suggesting that this enzyme is involved in the resistance response.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Department of Plant Protection FCA São Paulo State University (Unesp), SPDepartment of Plant Production FCA São Paulo State University (Unesp), SPEmbrapa Meio Ambiente, SPDepartment of Plant Protection FCA São Paulo State University (Unesp), SPDepartment of Plant Production FCA São Paulo State University (Unesp), S
Final Report of the Mandatory Internship for the Veterinary Medicine Program at Grupo MCassab: Integrated Analysis of Complete Dry Dog Food Labels: Learning and Practice
No full textRelatório final do estágio curricular obrigatório do curso de Medicina Veterinária, realizado junto ao Grupo MCassab. Como caso de interesse, o presente trabalho consistiu na análise integrada de rótulos de dietas secas comerciais para cães, com o objetivo de avaliar seus níveis nutricionais frente às recomendações da FEDIAF.Final report of the mandatory internship for the Veterinary Medicine program, carried out at Grupo MCassab. As a case of interest, the present study involved an integrated analysis of commercial dry dog food labels, aiming to evaluate their nutritional levels in comparison to FEDIAF recommendations
Ultrasound-Based Phenotyping for Genetic Selection of Carcass Traits in Oreochromis niloticus: Integrating Imaging Technology Into Aquaculture Breeding
No full textRecent years have witnessed a remarkable global surge in fish production, with Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) emerging as a prominent contributor owing to its high demand as a nutritious food source. However, unlike terrestrial species, maintaining genealogical control and collecting phenotypic data in fish farming poses significant challenges, necessitating advancements to support genetic improvement programmes. While conventional methods, such as body measurements using rulers and photographs are prevalent in data collection, the potential of ultrasound—a less invasive and efficient tool for fish measurement—remains underexplored. This study assesses the viability of ultrasonography for genetically selecting carcass characteristics in Nile tilapia. The investigation encompasses data from 897 animals representing 53 full-sib tilapia families maintained in the genetic improvement programme at the Federal University of Lavras. To measure carcass traits, the animals were sedated with benzocaine and ultrasound images were obtained at three distinct points. Subsequently, the animals were euthanised through medullary sectioning for further carcass processing. After evisceration, filleting and skinning, all weights were meticulously recorded. (Co)variance components and genetic parameters of the measured traits were estimated using the Bayesian approach by Gibbs sampling implemented in MTGSAM (Multiple Trait Gibbs Sampling in Animal Models) software. Heritabilities estimated for the studied carcass traits were moderate, ranging from 0.23 to 0.33. Notably, phenotypes derived from ultrasound images demonstrated substantial genetic correlations with fillet yield (0.83–0.92). In conclusion, this study confirms that indirect selection based on ultrasound images is effective and holds promise for integration into tilapia breeding programmes aimed at enhancing carcass yield.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Department of Animal Science Federal University of Lavras, Minas GeraisIntegrated Center of Biotechnology University of Mogi das Cruzes, São PauloDepartment of Biological Oceanography Institute of Oceanography University of São Paulo (USP)Department of Fisheries Resources and Aquaculture School of Agricultural Science of Vale Do Ribeira—Registro Campus São Paulo State University (UNESP), São PauloDepartment of Fisheries Resources and Aquaculture School of Agricultural Science of Vale Do Ribeira—Registro Campus São Paulo State University (UNESP), São PauloFAPESP: 2019/07.023-2CNPq: 304662/2017-8CNPq: 313804/2018-4CAPES: 88887.334910/2019-
Evaluation of liver fibrosis and steatohepatitis associated with metabolic dysfunction (MASH) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and steatotic liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction (MASLD)
No full textSao Paulo State Univ Unesp, Med Sch, Dept Internal Med, Botucatu, BrazilBotucatu Technol Pk, Verum Ingredients, Botucatu, BrazilSao Paulo State Univ Unesp, Inst Biosci, Dept Biophys & Pharmacol, Botucatu, BrazilSao Paulo State Univ Unesp, Med Sch, Dept Internal Med, Botucatu, BrazilSao Paulo State Univ Unesp, Inst Biosci, Dept Biophys & Pharmacol, Botucatu, Brazi
Guia de orientação para professores de educação especial: O que tem de pedagógico no AEE?
No full textSILVA, Marlene da. Guia de orientação para professores de educação especial: O que tem de pedagógico no AEE?. Orientador: Elisangela Leal de Oliveira Mercado. 2025. 58 f. Recurso Educacional (Mestrado profissional em Educação Inclusiva) - Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, 2025.Este guia foi elaborado como um recurso educacional vinculado à dissertação intitulada “A formação continuada de professores da Educação Especial para a Educação Inclusiva Escolar”, produzida no âmbito do Mestrado Profissional em Educação Inclusiva (PROFEI – UNESP). Sua criação surgiu a partir da constatação, evidenciada pela pesquisa empírica, de que a formação continuada dos professores de Educação Especial apresenta lacunas significativas quanto à preparação efetiva desses profissionais para enfrentar os desafios da prática inclusiva.
A proposta deste material é, portanto, atender a uma necessidade real, identificada nos relatos e experiências dos docentes em uma rede municipal. Ao analisar os dados obtidos por meio de questionários aplicados aos professores de Educação Especial, observou-se que muitos deles não se sentem suficientemente preparados para atuar com a diversidade de estudantes com deficiência, ou seja, Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) e Altas Habilidades/Superdotação (AH/S). Isso ocorre, principalmente, devido à predominância de formações genéricas, que não contemplam as especificidades de cada condição e, muitas vezes, são organizadas sob modelos teóricos técnico-clínicos, ainda fortemente influenciados pelo paradigma médico-psicológico (Michels, 2011; Rossetto, 2015).
Com base nesse cenário, este guia assume um caráter prático, reflexivo e fundamentado, oferecendo orientações compreensíveis e aplicáveis que possam auxiliar o professor de Educação Especial em sua atuação diária. O objetivo central é subsidiar os profissionais com instrumentos que lhes permitam planejar intervenções pedagógicas acessíveis e eficientes, promovendo o engajamento, a aprendizagem e a autonomia dos estudantes, público-alvo da Educação Especial. Para isso, são abordados temas como o uso de tecnologias assistivas, estratégias didáticas inclusivas, planejamento colaborativo com os professores da sala comum e a elaboração de planos individualizados de atendimento (PAI), todos ancorados nos princípios do Desenho Universal para Aprendizagem (DUA) e nas diretrizes da Política Nacional de Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva (BRASIL, 2008).
A concepção deste guia parte da premissa de que o professor de Educação Especial deve ser compreendido como um mediador da aprendizagem e um articulador de saberes, conforme defendem autores como Rosalen (2023) e Fonseca (2021). Para tanto, é fundamental que ele disponha de referenciais teóricos, ferramentas didáticas e modelos de planejamento que favoreçam sua autonomia e sua prática investigativa. Este guia também incorpora uma perspectiva dialógica de formação, entendendo que a construção do conhecimento docente é um processo contínuo, situado e colaborativo (Nóvoa, 2017).
Portanto, o presente material é mais do que um compilado de orientações: ele representa um instrumento de empoderamento docente, resultado de uma pesquisa comprometida com a transformação da prática pedagógica e com a promoção de uma escola inclusiva, democrática e equitativa. Ao adotar este guia como referência, espera-se que os professores da Educação Especial possam aprimorar suas práticas, superar desafios cotidianos e fortalecer seu protagonismo na efetivação do direito à educação para todos.This guide was developed as an educational resource linked to the dissertation entitled "Continuing Education of Special Education Teachers for Inclusive School Education," produced within the Professional Master's Program in Inclusive Education (PROFEI – UNESP). Its creation arose from the observation, evidenced by empirical research, that the continuing education of Special Education teachers presents significant gaps in effectively preparing these professionals to face the challenges of inclusive practice.
The purpose of this material is, therefore, to meet a real need, identified in the accounts and experiences of teachers in a municipal school system. Analyzing the data obtained through questionnaires administered to Special Education teachers, it was observed that many of them do not feel sufficiently prepared to work with the diversity of students with disabilities, namely, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and High Abilities/Giftedness (HA/S). This is primarily due to the predominance of generic training programs, which fail to address the specificities of each condition and are often organized based on technical-clinical theoretical models, still heavily influenced by the medical-psychological paradigm (Michels, 2011; Rossetto, 2015).
Based on this context, this guide assumes a practical, reflective, and well-founded nature, offering understandable and applicable guidance that can assist Special Education teachers in their daily work. The central objective is to provide professionals with tools that allow them to plan accessible and effective pedagogical interventions, promoting engagement, learning, and autonomy among students—the target audience of Special Education. To this end, topics such as the use of assistive technologies, inclusive teaching strategies, collaborative planning with regular classroom teachers, and the development of individualized service plans (ISPs) are covered, all anchored in the principles of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) and the guidelines of the National Policy for Special Education from the Perspective of Inclusive Education (BRASIL, 2008).
The conception of this guide is based on the premise that the Special Education teacher should be understood as a mediator of learning and an articulator of knowledge, as advocated by authors such as Rosalen (2023) and Fonseca (2021). To this end, it is essential that they have access to theoretical frameworks, teaching tools, and planning models that foster their autonomy and investigative practice. This guide also incorporates a dialogical perspective of training, understanding that the construction of teacher knowledge is an ongoing, situated, and collaborative process (Nóvoa, 2017). Therefore, this material is more than a compilation of guidelines: it represents a teacher empowerment tool, the result of research committed to transforming pedagogical practice and promoting an inclusive, democratic, and equitable school. By adopting this guide as a reference, it is hoped that Special Education teachers will be able to improve their practices, overcome daily challenges, and strengthen their role in realizing the right to education for all