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Co-Occurrence of Child Sexual Abuse and Domestic Violence: A Scoping Review
Get PDFResearch shows that different forms of child maltreatment often co-occur, including child sexual abuse (CSA) and children’s exposure to adult domestic violence (DV). However, the extent of this co-occurrence remains poorly understood. This article presents findings from a scoping review of articles reporting prevalence data for co-occurring CSA and DV. The review included systematic searches and reviews of both scholarly and gray literature. Studies were included if they were published in English and reported childhood experiences of both CSA and DV, with no restrictions on publication date, geographic location, or methodology. This review collates findings from the 19 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Prevalence rates for co-occurring CSA and DV ranged from 0.9% to 91%. Aside from general methodological differences across the studies, this review identified the target population as an important source of variation in prevalence estimates. Samples drawn from the general, CSA victim/survivor, and DV victim/survivor target populations revealed different patterns, with the CSA population exhibiting significantly higher rates of co-occurrence with DV compared to the other two groups. The review also found that there are sex differences in co-occurring CSA and DV just as there are for each type of abuse individually. This article summarizes the available data on co-occurring CSA and DV, points to areas where future research is needed, and highlights implications for practice.Full Tex
The visualisation of memory through the lens of the empreinte
Get PDFThis project titled The Visualisation of Memory through the Lens of the Empreinte transforms memory into a visual representation by employing a practice-based, interdisciplinary and exploratory methodology. My migration from South Africa to Australia shapes my practice and perspectives on memory and time, as I reflect on South Africa's evolving landscapes and people over the years. In my practice, I explore how different materials interact visually with one another when they come into close contact. I introduce overlaying ephemeral forms onto monolithic shapes encased in different vitrines. Through this methodology, I have found that the visualisation of memory becomes more palpable over time.
Driven by my interest in visualizing the workings of memory in art and its distillation in sculptural form, I have integrated various theories of the imprint, materiality, and memory practice to develop methods that shape and guide my sculpting process. The first of these theories is Georges Didi-Huberman's conception of the empreinte-the memory of an image. Through material contact, the imprint affects and alters the visual through its physical form and historical passage. The second is Aby Warburg's idea of Pathosformel, a complex trace connecting emotions through anachronic images over long periods. The third theory is Marcel Duchamp's elusive idea of the infrathin, which symbolises the smallest difference between things. I weave these ideas surrounding the mark and impression together in my studio practice to depict the visualisation of memory.
The practical execution of these ideas-empreinte, Pathosformel and infrathin-is investigated in this exegesis through the work of Marcel Duchamp, Dieter Roth, Wim Botha and Dove Bradshaw. The application of physical materials in sculpture is essential for the cast's role as a heuristic instrument for conveying the past, ensuring that we retain our historical knowledge to inform the future.Thesis (Professional Doctorate)Doctor of Visual ArtsQueensland College of Art and DesignArts, Education and LawFull Tex
The Challenges and Potential Solutions for Disseminating Evidence-Based Practice in Child Protection: The Parents Under Pressure Program
No full textThe Parents under Pressure program was developed for families with parental substance misuse, mental health, intergenerational trauma, and significant financial and social disadvantage. In this article, we provide an overview of the program, and a description of the training and implementation support process we adopted for the field. Drawing from implementation science, we describe the implementation strategies and outcomes that inform this work. We conclude with a description of training events for practitioners in (i) Central Australia working with Aboriginal families and (ii) with mothers in residential mother and child facility in the Republic of Ireland.No Full Tex
FUTURE-AI: international consensus guideline for trustworthy and deployable artificial intelligence in healthcare
Get PDFDespite major advances in artificial intelligence (AI) research for healthcare, the deployment and adoption of AI technologies remain limited in clinical practice. This paper describes the FUTURE-AI framework, which provides guidance for the development and deployment of trustworthy AI tools in healthcare. The FUTURE-AI Consortium was founded in 2021 and comprises 117 interdisciplinary experts from 50 countries representing all continents, including AI scientists, clinical researchers, biomedical ethicists, and social scientists. Over a two year period, the FUTURE-AI guideline was established through consensus based on six guiding principles—fairness, universality, traceability, usability, robustness, and explainability. To operationalise trustworthy AI in healthcare, a set of 30 best practices were defined, addressing technical, clinical, socioethical, and legal dimensions. The recommendations cover the entire lifecycle of healthcare AI, from design, development, and validation to regulation, deployment, and monitoring.Full Tex
Fear of goal failure and unethical behavior – the mediating role of ego depletion and moderating role of moral attentiveness
No full textPurpose
This article examines how fear of goal failure leads to unethical behavior at work. The study further explores whether ego depletion mediates the positive link between employees’ fear of failure in meeting their goals and their unethical behavior. In addition, the moderating role of moral attentiveness on the mediated relationship is examined.
Design/methodology/approach
Time-lagged data were collected from the sales staff working across various industries in the USA and Pakistan. The final samples from the USA and Pakistan were n = 334 and n = 381, respectively.
Findings
Fear of goal failure was significantly related to employees’ unethical behavior, and ego depletion mediated this positive relationship. In addition, employees’ moral attentiveness attenuated the link between fear of goal failure and unethical behavior.
Practical implications
This study contributes to the existing literature by testing an unexplored relationship between fear of goal failure and employee unethical behavior at work. It further confirms the role of an individual’s morality in shaping this relationship.
Originality/value
This study contributes to the existing literature by testing an unexplored relationship of fear of goal failure with employee unethical behavior at work. It further confirms the role of individual’s morality in shaping this relationship.No Full Tex
'This is eye opening:' Raising Awareness of Home Care Workers' Health and Wellbeing via Activity Tracking
Get PDFHome care workers (HCWs) are an important group of frontline workers that deliver essential at-home care services to enable older adults to age in place. Despite their importance in patient care, research has shown that HCWs are an overlooked and undervalued workforce: HCWs work in isolated conditions, are paid low wages, experience high levels of stress and burnout, and more. As a result, despite being motivated to try and be healthy, this essential workforce suffers from poor physical and mental health outcomes. This paper combines data from focus groups, interviews, and a month-long field study with HCWs to investigate the feasibility and utility of using activity tracking devices to provide HCWs with fine-grained awareness and insights into daily activities that affect their health and wellbeing. We explore HCWs’ reactions to both their individual and collective data, discussing their efforts towards positive behavior change, but also highlighting systemic and occupational factors that may limit HCWs’ agency and control over their own activities. Finally, we discuss the potential for HCWs’ collective data to raise awareness about their working conditions and provide data-driven evidence to aid advocacy efforts towards improved policies, better wages, or greater protections for this vital workforce.Full Tex
Spontaneous and Unplanned Mass Gathering Events: A Scoping Review of Health Considerations for Riots, Civil Unrest, and Protest
Get PDFObjective
To identify the health planning, health provision, and health lessons learned from unplanned or spontaneous mass gathering events.
Methods
This research used a scoping review design. Data was collected from 4 databases, using search terms relating to “mass gathering events,” “spontaneous events,” and “health services.” Data was extracted relating to the event characteristics, health usage, and patient outcomes. Extracted data were deductively coded against the surge capacity domains of staff, stuff/supplies, space, and systems.
Results
Ten papers were included in this review. Most spontaneous mass gathering events were related to riots, civil unrest, or unplanned large parties, which required a response from the health care system. Health staff were predominantly from an ambulance, pre-\hospital, or emergency medical services. Additional personal protective equipment, such as ballistic equipment and respiratory protection, was required.
Conclusions
The planning for a health care response to a spontaneous mass gathering event requires a risk-based approach. Such an approach should be applied in local disaster and mass casualty plans as a hazard-specific response. Preparation and response should include interagency collaboration. Enhancing the reporting of spontaneous mass gathering events will provide insights for future planning and response.Full Tex
Peripheral Intravenous Catheters for Hospitalised Older People: A Scoping Review
No full textIntroduction: Peripheral intravenous catheter insertion is the most frequently performed invasive procedure in healthcare. Age-related physiological factors and chronic health conditions can influence how older people experience catheter-related complications, underscoring the need for clinical practices that address diverse needs. Although peripheral intravenous catheters are widely used in hospitalised populations, research specifically exploring their use, outcomes, and associated experiences in older people remains limited. This scoping review addresses this gap by mapping the available literature on peripheral intravenous catheter use in hospitalised older people to identify the characteristics of the existing evidence and opportunities for future research. Methods: This scoping review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and was reported to have applied the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-Scoping Reviews. An electronic medical database search was conducted including MEDLINE (Web of Science), CINAHL Complete (EbscoHost), PubMed (NCBI), Scopus (Elsevier), Emcare (Ovid) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. A systematic grey literature search was also undertaken. The review was limited to publications since the year 2000. Results: Thirty sources from 12 different countries were included. The evidence types consisted of observational studies (n = 15), experimental studies (n = 2), education summaries (n = 7), clinical practice guidelines (n = 2), a scoping review (n = 1), a bibliographic review of guidelines (n = 1), a book chapter (n = 1) and a letter to the editor (n = 1). Most studies were observational with small sample sizes. The review identified key topics relating to older people including peripheral intravenous catheter insertion, complications, clinician practices, physiological ageing and patient experiences. Pain and satisfaction were the only two experience measures identified. Definitions of ‘older people’ varied, and no qualitative evidence related to experiences specific to this population was identified. Conclusion: Although a range of evidence types exists, substantial knowledge gaps remain. The literature is dominated by small observational studies, underscoring the need for robust experimental research. The absence of qualitative studies highlights a critical gap in understanding patient experience. Implications for Practice: Future research should employ both high-quality quantitative and qualitative methodologies to support the development of patient-centred, evidence-based peripheral intravenous catheter practices for hospitalised older people.No Full Tex
On the salience of international human rights frameworks to forensic mental health services: bridging paradigms and enhancing care
Get PDFForensic mental health services operate at the complex intersection of medical and legal disciplines, servicing populations with complex care needs. In line with the contemporary recovery movement in mental health services, increasingly rights-based approaches are being utilised to provide a guiding framework for service delivery. This paper aims to provide an overview of international human rights instruments that have influenced the development of forensic mental health frameworks of care in Australia and New Zealand, bridging the gap between historically risk-oriented approaches and contemporary models of mental health care. In both Australia and New Zealand, rights-based frameworks have prompted discussions and societal awareness that have informed principles, practices and guidelines of forensic mental health services, a step towards compliance with international human rights law. Nonetheless, contemporary human rights instruments offer potential for progressive social change that, arguably, remains under-utilised by existing frameworks of mental health care.Full Tex
Extreme Hydrological Drought Threatens the Endemic Freshwater Mussel, Alathyria jacksoni Iredale, 1934, Northern Murray–Darling Basin, Australia
Get PDFFreshwater mussels are ecosystem engineers: They modify substrates through burrowing, mediate water quality through filtration, provide food and habitat for other organisms and play a substantial role in the biogeochemical cycling of nutrients; they are also seriously threatened globally. This study used a combination of predictive modelling, hydrological analysis and field surveys to explore the extent of subpopulation decimation of the endemic hyriid freshwater mussel, Alathyria jacksoni, in Australia's northern Murray–Darling Basin (nMDB) after one of the most severe hydrological droughts on record. Predictive species distribution modelling suggested A. jacksoni should occur in the mid to lowland reaches of most rivers of the nMDB but be absent from the westerly Warrego and Paroo Rivers. Field surveys during and after the severe drought of 2017–2020 found that mussels did occur in the reaches as predicted, but in a large number of sites surveyed, mussel mortality was extreme at 97–100%. Hydrological analysis showed the duration of cease to flow (CTF) events during this drought was substantially longer than the maximum CTF duration for the preceding 37 years. This dramatic increase in the duration of dry conditions has had a devastating impact on mussel subpopulations and highlights the risk to northern mussel subpopulations of the combined impact of anthropogenic water resource use and increasing hydroclimatic variability related to climate change. Given the importance of freshwater mussels in riverine ecosystems, the loss of this large benthic invertebrate over an extensive area of river system is likely to have profound ecological and ecosystem impacts.Full Tex