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Identification of Intimate Partner Violence, and Support for Victim-Survivors by Rural and Remote Primary Healthcare Clinicians: a Scoping Review
Get PDFPurpose
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a pervasive public health issue, with disproportionately higher rates outside of urban and metropolitan areas. Primary healthcare (PHC) services are the first point of contact into the healthcare system and where many victim-survivors present. However, regional, rural and remote PHC clinicians face unique challenges that hinder effective identification and support of IPV.
Methods
The PRISMA-ScR and Arksey and O’Malley (2005)’s five-stage framework was followed to map existing research. CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and ProQuest were searched for papers describing strategies used by PHC clinicians in regional, rural and remote areas to identify IPV and provide support to victim-survivors. Data were extracted into summary tables and analysed in a process informed by thematic analysis.
Results
From the 932 papers identified, 44 were reviewed in full-text review, and 6 met the inclusion criteria. Most studies (n = 5, 83%) focused solely on rural areas, with one (17%) study reporting on rural, remote and urban areas. No included studies focused on regional and very remote areas. Identification of IPV in included papers was typically informal and opportunistic, with limited structured screening. Clinicians employed covert strategies to support patients experiencing IPV, often maintaining confidentiality around disclosures. Limited structured training and a lack of referral pathways influenced clinicians’ identification practices due to the perceived inability to offer tangible, ongoing support following a formal disclosure.
Conclusions
The ways in which IPV is identified and victim-survivors are supported in rural and remote PHC settings are often complex and variable. This scoping review highlights the absence of structured context-appropriate training to inform effective sensitive-inquiry strategies in the early identification of IPV; and inconsistent referral pathways that consider the unique contexts of rural and remote areas. Strengthening rural and remote PHC responses to IPV will require coordinated efforts to build workforce capacity through education and training, intersectoral collaboration, and culturally safe, trauma-informed systems. Future research should consider exploring strong health-promotion efforts in rural and remote communities around violence primary prevention to shift community-wide attitudes and responses to IPV.Full Tex
Machine Learning-Guided Coordination Engineering of M–N–C Single-Atom Electrocatalysts for Superior Oxygen Reduction
No full textPrecisely tailoring metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) single-atom catalysts (SACs) with high catalytic activity and selectivity for specific chemical reactions remains challenging due to the lack of a qualitative descriptor between their catalytic properties and coordination geometries. Herein, we bridge this gap by integrating density functional theory (DFT) calculations with machine learning (ML) algorithms to deconvolute the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity of M-N-C SACs across various possible coordination configurations. By correlating the theoretical overpotentials with structural features, an interpretable descriptor simultaneously reflecting the coordination number and the metal-support interaction is identified. This descriptor not only reliably describes the ORR performance trends across diverse metal centers in SACs but also provides a general guideline for engineering coordination geometry to optimize catalytic performance. Guided by these insights, the predicted Cu-SAC featuring low-coordinated Cu-N3 moieties is synthesized, delivering remarkable ORR activity compared with the conventional Cu-N4 sites while maintaining robust structural stability under prolonged electrochemical operation. This study highlights the exceptional potential of interpretable ML combined with theoretical and experimental strategies in elucidating complex structure-property relationships in SACs and accelerating the development of next-generation electrocatalysts for sustainable and efficient energy conversion.No Full Tex
Central banks and SDGs: A South Asian perspective
Get PDFOptimists dream of a future in which South Asia will approach the living standards of the rich Western nations of today in about two decades. For example, India has set itself a goal to become a developed country by 2047, which coincides with the 100th anniversary of its independence.[1]
Such optimism relies on the notion of a smooth and sustained convergence in living standards between rich and poor countries. Rapid and sustainable growth is certainly a necessary condition for attaining national prosperity, but not sufficient. Given that global discourse is now dominated by the consensus that holistic development means going well beyond growth, what matters for South Asia’s future is achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Unfortunately, South Asia has fallen far behind in terms of meeting the SDGs by 2030, as a subsequent discussion will highlight. Resolving this challenge will require prudent national policies and a conducive global environment.Full Tex
Post-Quantum Traceable Anonymous Credentials from Lattices
Get PDFTraceable Anonymous Credentials (TACs) are an important extension of Anonymous Credentials (ACs). TAC systems protect user privacy during credential verifications while also allowing for the de-anonymization of credentials in cases of misbehavior. Although TACs have been studied with several constructions based on number-theoretic assumptions, the formal security definitions of credential tracing and efficient constructions with post-quantum security remain absent. This work addresses both gaps by presenting the first formalization of TACs and the first post-quantum construction based on module lattices. We design a new trapdoor for a lattice-based commitment, which allows partial recovery of commitment randomness. We integrate our trapdoor commitment into the state-of-the-art lattice-based AC system by Jeudy et al. (Crypto 2023) to derive our efficient TAC system.Full Tex
Perspectives on improving communication during police interviews: insights from police officers and individuals convicted of child sexual abuse
No full textChild sexual abuse offences are abhorrent to society requiring interviews with suspects to be conducted with professionalism and understanding. This becomes challenging if an officer’s emotional responses and reactions to a suspect’s statements or descriptions hinder their ability to provide a full account. To explore this, questionnaires were distributed to detectives from four police forces in England and to convicted child sex abuse offenders in an English prison regarding four theoretical models related to cognitive distortions and the behaviours commonly referred to as “grooming”. Content analysis and Principal Factor Analysis were performed on the data obtained. Both detectives and convicted child sex offenders believed that a better understanding of cognitive distortions could increase the likelihood of openness and admissions during interviews. Additionally, both groups perceived that enhanced training would enable officers to more effectively identify and interpret these distortions, resulting in more effective interviews characterised by reduced negativity and aggression. PRACTICE IMPACT STATEMENT: The research demonstrated that interviewing officers need to understand child abuser grooming behaviours, motivations, implicit theories, and cognitive distortions in order to minimise dominance and negative behaviours in interview. This has led to the development of two research-based training courses, compliant with UK legislation and practice, that are focused on enhancing child sex abuser suspect interviews.No Full Tex
“I trust the evidence”: Why Australian midwives practice homebirth without professional indemnity insurance
Get PDFBackground
Professional indemnity insurance (PII) has not been available for intrapartum care at home for privately practice midwives (PPMs) in Australia since 2001.
Aims
To examine the effect of the lack of professional indemnity insurance on the private practice of Australian homebirth midwives.
Methods
In this qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with midwives (n = 11), who were currently or had recently been providing homebirth services. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to explore how midwives navigate professional and personal risk in their practice.
Findings
Three higher-order themes were found that describe how midwives manage their private practice without PII for homebirth: I feel vulnerable without insurance, The system doesn’t support my practice, and I have my own risk management processes.
Conclusion
From 2001–30 th June 2025, Australian PPMs provided homebirth services without any PII, putting them at personal and professional risk. Australian PPMs navigate other risks such as the experience of horizontal violence upon transfer from home to hospital, blame culture in the maternity system which may result in an Ahpra notification and ethical distress when trying to provide care for women with complex needs. This research illustrates how PPMs practice in a system that doesn’t support them.Full Tex
Revival and resistance: re-imagining policy agency in music education
No full textIn this article, we examine how collaborative, critical policy thinking can serve as an imaginative resource to co-construct future horizons for higher music education. The context for this research was a three-day policy forum that invited scholars from around Australia to critically interrogate the nation’s first published cultural policy in over 13 years. An abductive thematic analysis of collaboratively produced artefacts and researcher field notes identified shared values and understandings of arts and cultural policy by which possible futures for music education were imagined. We argue that mapping such values and understandings is an important first step towards critically engaging with what music education is and what it ought to be, a process of moving through possibility in working towards a differently resistive and more ethical future.No Full Tex
Griffith Asia-Pacific Strategic Outlook 2026: Asia’s role in a world unhinged
Get PDFThe Griffith Asia Pacific Strategic Outlook (GAPSO) 2026 arrives at a historic inflection point: a world increasingly "unhinged" from the rules and alliances that governed the last eight decades. This is not a temporary shock, but a permanent reconfiguration driven by four accelerating transitions: the assertive "Donroe Doctrine" reshaping global security alliances and trade, the rapid deployment of generative AI, a green energy transition that makes energy affordable and undermines fossil fuel interests, and the steady emergence of a new financial order as an alternative to the US dollar dominance. For Asia-Pacific decisionmakers, adhering to old playbooks now risks sovereign and competitive vulnerabilities. Navigating this era of disequilibrium requires a shift from reactive management to "adaptive leadership"—anchoring action in regional values to secure a peaceful and prosperous future.
Understandably, many decision-makers and communities continue to hope that these developments will not be permanent and cling to an old order of economy or the world. They point to the still formally operating institutions, such as the UN or the resilience in international trade despite the tariffs. Yet, to use an analogy—our institutions are like a train wagon that, after becoming unhinged from its locomotive, will continue its path for a while before it stops or takes a potentially catastrophic tumble. The world’s formal institutions, such as the United Nations or our security architecture, will continue to operate despite their active deconstruction and defunding, but they have already become increasingly directionless and powerless … and are at risk of tumbling.
With an increasing trust gap in international institutions, many businesses and countries are simultaneously accelerating their efforts to develop “strategic autonomy” across energy, food, minerals, finance and defence. As Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney pointed out at the World Economic Forum (WEF) in January 2026, this is understandable: “When the rules no longer protect you, you must protect yourself.” However, as he continues, in this scenario, small and middle powers will lose out rapidly while the hegemons lose eventually, too.Full Tex
Computational and biological evaluation of palladium(II) complexes as VEGFR-2 inhibitors: a molecular docking, dynamics, and cytotoxicity study
No full textIn this study, three novel palladium(II) complexes based on S-methylthiosemicarbazone ligands derived from 1,3-butanedione and 2,4-pentanedione—functionalized with methyl (single bondCH₃), trifluoromethyl (single bondCF₃), and thiophene groups—were synthesized and structurally characterized by spectroscopic methods and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. To evaluate their potential as VEGFR-2 inhibitors, a comprehensive computational investigation was performed. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to assess the binding affinities and dynamic stability of the co-ligand (colig) and three complexes (comp1, comp2, and comp3) with the VEGFR-2 receptor (PDB ID: 3CJG).
Binding analyses consistently identified colig as the most potent binder, exhibiting the most favorable binding free energy (∆Gbind of −106.282 kJ/mol). MD simulations revealed two distinct stability profiles: colig and comp1 formed highly stable and rigid complexes, confirmed by low RMSD and RMSF values. In contrast, comp2 and comp3 were found to be significantly more flexible. Per-residue energy decomposition revealed that this stability is achieved through two different mechanisms: superior van der Waals interactions for colig, and a powerful electrostatic anchor with ASP1044 for comp1.
Additionally, MTT assays on HUVEC cells revealed low cytotoxicity (IC₅₀ > 50 μM) for all synthesized complexes. Considering its high dynamic stability, unique electrostatic binding mechanism, and favorable safety profile, comp1 emerges as the most promising synthesized candidate for further development. These combined findings provide valuable insights for designing next-generation palladium(II)-based VEGFR-2 inhibitors.No Full Tex
Encapsulating Silicon Nanoparticles Within a 3D Interconnected Ultra-Conductive Sodium Alginate@Ti3C2Tx Network for Robust and High-Capacity Lithium-Ion Batteries
No full textHigh-capacity silicon-based electrodes experience significant volumetric expansion and contraction during cycling, which induces critical mechanical stress, leading to the fracture of conductive networks and instability of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI). To address these challenges, we develop a 3D resilient and conductive binding network through the cross-linking of sodium alginate (SA) with MXene Ti3C2Tx, thereby enhancing the mechanical stability and charge transfer efficiency within silicon anodes. The SA@Ti3C2Tx binding network effectively reduces the growth rate of electrode thickness from 100.6% to 46.6%, mitigating electrolyte decomposition and excessive SEI growth during cycling, and contributing to the formation of a stable LiF-rich SEI layer on silicon surfaces. Enhanced mechanical strength and electron conduction provided by the 3D interconnected conductive network facilitate a high reversible capacity of 1247.01 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles and excellent rate capability of 778.12 mAh g−1 at a current density of 2 A g−1, even with a silicon content as high 80% by weight. By simultaneously reinforcing the mechanical stability and electron transport pathways, this work paves the way for innovative design of high-capacity negative electrodes.No Full Tex