17628 research outputs found
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Peeping into the Future: Understanding and Combating Generative AI-Based Fake News
No full textThe widespread dissemination of fake news in the digital age, accelerated by generative artificial intelligence (GAI), presents a significant challenge to the integrity of information in our interconnected world. This review paper comprehensively analyzes the critical concerns surrounding GAI-generated fake news, including its origin, distribution, societal impact, and the complex challenges associated with its detection. The study explores various techniques GAI systems employ to create misleading content, ranging from textual misinformation to deepfake media, highlighting the alarming scope of fake news proliferation. Additionally, this paper examines the difficulties in detecting fake news through natural language processing, image analysis, and audio analysis, discussing both their advancements and inherent limitations. It also addresses ethical concerns tied to detection strategies, such as privacy violations and the potential erosion of public trust. Furthermore, it identifies a crucial gap in current research: the urgent demand for innovative and scalable solutions to combat the overwhelming surge of fake news in the digital ecosystem. Addressing this challenge is essential in mitigating the impact of GAI-generated fake news. One of the most pressing obstacles in the fight against misinformation today is managing the sheer volume of online fabricated content. The rapid and widespread dissemination of such content emphasizes the need for proactive strategies to curtail its influence before it inflicts significant harm. This evident knowledge gap highlights the necessity for continued research and innovation to strengthen digital security and enhance trustworthiness in online spaces
The Auditory Contract: Designing Trustworthy Sound in IoT
Get PDFThis technical report introduces the concept of the auditory contract, the unspoken agreement between users and smart devices to interpret sound as meaningful and trustworthy. It proposes ten practical guidelines for designing sound in the Internet of Things (IoT), focusing on clarity, inclusivity, cultural context, and shared acoustic space. The report includes twelve real-world examples to support accessible, emotionally appropriate, and context-aware design. Intended for designers, developers, and researchers, it bridges ethical design principles with actionable practice
Adaptive Sound Ethics Framework: Consent, Tone, and Respect in Feedback Design
No full textThis technical report outlines an ethical framework for adaptive sound feedback systems grounded in behavioural consent, emotional tone sensitivity, and user autonomy. It introduces novel concepts including passive consent loops, quiet mode, tone mismatch scoring, and localised cue adaptation logs. These mechanisms support respectful, non-coercive interaction while remaining accessible and privacy-conscious. Designed to operate on edge-computing principles without cross-user data sharing, the framework applies to personal devices, shared environments, and future multimodal interfaces. This work is offered as a practical reference for designers, accessibility advocates, and HCI researchers
An interpretable deep learning framework for intrusion detection in industrial Internet of Things
No full textThe Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has revolutionized smart industries by optimizing industrial operations and accelerating the decision-making process. However, its inherently distributed architecture presents complex and evolving security threats. Traditional machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL)-based intrusion detection systems (IDSs) often lack interpretability, which undermines their trustworthiness in critical IIoT environments. To overcome these limitations, we propose XGRU-IDS, an explainable hybrid DL-based IDS that combines the strengths of the Extra Trees Classifier (ETC) for feature selection and Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) for sequential attack detection. The ETC enhances model input quality by identifying the most influential features, while the GRU processes temporal dependencies to detect sophisticated intrusion patterns. Explainability is ensured through SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), which offer class-wise insights via summary plots, feature importance scores, and force plots. XGRU-IDS is evaluated on the multiclass CICIoT2023 dataset, which covers all 34 attack types. It achieves 97.56% accuracy, outperforming recent state-of-the-art DL and explainable IDS approaches. This work demonstrates that high detection accuracy can coexist with transparency, providing a robust and trustworthy IDS solution for resource-constrained IIoT networks
Perceptually Aware Communication in High-Risk Environments: A Conceptual Framework
Get PDFThis paper presents a conceptual framework for perceptually optimised audio communication in high-risk and acoustically challenging environments. Drawing on principles from sound design, auditory ergonomics, and professional communication systems, the proposal integrates existing technologies into a coherent, safety-oriented solution. Designed for emergency responders, control centre operators, and other safety-critical roles, the framework focuses on maintaining clarity, protecting hearing, and supporting situational awareness under real-world constraints. This framework is intended for researchers, technologists, and policy stakeholders exploring the future of perceptual audio in safety-critical communication and is offered as a provocation rather than a prescriptive solution
Graffiti beyond words in times of crisis: “DONT SUICIDE. YOU SHALL OVERCOME.”
Get PDFSet during the COVID-19 pandemic, this narrative explores my journey as a Filipina navigating Edinburgh amid heightened anti-Asian racism. A chance encounter with graffiti transformed how I understood space, identity, and resistance. Through personal reflection, the article highlights graffiti's potential as a form of intercultural communication and a site of societal resilience. Often dismissed as vandalism, these public messages offered solidarity and affirmation. Methodologically, this article emphasizes the value of serendipitous data in qualitative research, showing how unexpected moments can powerfully shape inquiry, amplify marginalized voices, and reframe dominant narratives during times of crisis.Isinulat sa gitna ng krisis ng COVID-19, inilalahad ng naratibong ito ang aking karanasan bilang Filipina sa Edinburgh sa panahon ng tumitinding anti-Asyano na sentimyento. Isang di inaasahang tagpo sa graffiti ang naging mahalaga sa pag-unawa ko sa rasismo, pagkakabilang, at pagtutol. Tinutukoy ng artikulo ang papel ng graffiti bilang paraan ng interkultural na komunikasyon at katatagan ng lipunan, at pinapakita ang kahalagahan ng serendipitya o di planadong datos sa kwalitatibong pananaliksik, laluna sa pagpapalakas ng tinig ng mga nasa laylayan sa panahon ng krisis
Gathering Requirements for Stress Management in Autistic Adults for the Development of Augmented Reality Self-Interventions
No full textAutistic adults typically encounter multiple daily stressors, particularly in workplace settings or public spaces, often resulting in sensory overload. To address these challenges, technological interventions have previously been developed to alleviate stress, enhance cognitive functioning and overall well-being. Tools such as mobile devices, virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR) applications have shown promise in supporting and advancing clinical practices by utilizing sensory-based technologies. In this paper, an extension of a published 2023 survey, we present the second phase of research concerning a series of semi-structured interviews with autistic participants and caregivers. We report on the identification of currently used technological preferences, and the perceived potential for new technologies. Coping mechanisms employed and reactions to stress are detailed, trigger locations and stressful scenarios are identified, as well as masking techniques used by autistic adults. The results from the study have identified interest in developing new applications based on existing technologies, with aural sensitivity identified as the main stimuli that needs managed. Participants highlighted the importance of planning as a coping mechanism, and indicated that familiarity, in audio and visual feedback, helps to calm participants in times of stress. Respondents commented on existing forms of audio-visual distractors used by autistic people to cope with stressful scenarios, for example, the use of music, and stimming, which could be employed within potential applications to reduce stress. The overarching goal of this research is to address the question, ‘How can the potentially debilitating effects of stress in autistic adults be mitigated by a self-customizable approach to the design of accessible technologies?’ The insights gained will inform future research regarding the design of technological self-interventions for stress management in autistic adults. The findings further identify practical design requirements such as adaptive audio masking, context-aware planning tools, and customizable multimodal feedback to support real-time stress regulation
Nurses and smoking: barriers and support for quitting
Get PDFThis article describes a short project aiming to understand the prevalence of smoking among nurses, explore the barriers to smoking cessation for nurses who smoke and provide smoking cessation support. The ultimate goal was to enable nurses to help their patients more effectively and reduce the risk of chronic respiratory disease. The project began with quantitative work, which was used to inform a more qualitative understanding of the barriers that nurses face when thinking about quitting smoking, and the support they need to help them to stop smoking
Protecting trees from mammal damage: technical guidance
No full textFind out how to identify mammal damage to trees, understand the impact and practical ways to protect our treescapes. This guidance is for people who: own or manage woods, forests, or trees; provide advice on woodland management; plan to plant or establish new woodland or agroforestry. This guide helps you to identify mammal species that can damage trees, understand their impact, and find practical ways to protect your treescapes. While mammals are important for healthy woodland ecosystems, some wild, domestic, and feral mammals can harm trees. This can affect your woodland creation and management goals, including biodiversity conservation and timber production
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