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“What Works” to Support LGBTQ+ Young People's Mental Health: An Intersectional Youth Rights Approach
Get PDFDespite overwhelming international evidence of elevated rates of poor mental health in LGBTQ+ youth compared to their cis-heterosexual peers, we know relatively little about effective mental health services for this population group. This study aims to produce the first early intervention model of “what works” to support LGBTQ+ youth with emerging mental health problems. Utilizing a mixed method case study, we collected data across 12 UK mental health service case study sites that involved: (a) interviews with young people, parents, and mental health practitioners (n = 93); (b) documentary analysis; (c) nonparticipant observation. The data analysis strategy was theoretical using the “explanation-building” analytical technique. Our analysis suggests an intersectional youth rights approach with 13 principles that must be enacted to provide good mental health services as advocated by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and World Health Organization. This approach should address the multiple forms of marginalization and stigmatization that LGBTQ+ youth may experience, enable informed independent decision-making, and uphold the right to freedom of safe self-expression. A rights-based approach to mental health services for LGBTQ+ young people is not prominent. This needs to change if we are to tackle this mental health inequality and improve the mental well-being of LGBTQ+ youth worldwide
Effectiveness and Experiences of Quality Improvement Interventions in Older Adult Care: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Systematic Review
Get PDFBackground: Quality improvement (QI) interventions are designed to resolve the recurring challenges of care for older individuals, such as working conditions for staff, roles of older individuals in their own care and their families, and relevant stakeholders. Therefore, there is a need to map the impacts of QI interventions in older care settings and further improve health and social care systems associated with older adults.Objective: This review aims to compile and synthesise the best available evidence regarding the effectiveness of policy and practice quality improvement (QI) interventions for the care of older individuals. The secondary aim is to understand the care of older individuals and QI intervention-related experiences and perspectives of stakeholders, care providers, older individuals, and their families.Methods: The review will follow the standard methodology used by Joanna Briggs Institute. The published studies will be searched through CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ASSIA and Web of Science, and the unpublished studies through Mednar, Trove, OCLC WorldCat, and Dissertations and Theses. This review included both qualitative and quantitative analyses of patients undergoing older care and any healthcare professionals involved in the care delivery for older adults; a broad range of QI interventions, including assistive technologies, effects of training and education, improved reporting, safety programs, and medical devices; the experiences and perspectives of staff and patients; the context of older care setting; and a broad range of outcomes, including patient safety.Results: A result-based convergent synthesis design will be used, and the standard procedure for reporting, i.e., PRISMA guidelines, will be followed.Conclusions: This comprehensive review is expected to reflect on insights into some quality improvement interventions and their impact, outline some common challenges of quality for older care, and benefit both the practical usefulness of care service activities and the society at large
How to … navigate entry into the field of clinical education research and scholarship
Get PDFAbstract Clinical education research (ClinEdR) is a growing field that aims to ensure the way healthcare professionals are taught and learn is evidence-based. There is growing interest in how this evidence is generated in a robust, timely and cost-effective fashion. In this ?How to ?? paper, we draw on relevant literature and our own experiences to offer suggestions on how novice researchers can navigate entry into the field of ClinEdR. We summarise key resources for those at the earliest stages of their interest in ClinEdR and scholarship and provide personal experiences of networking, collaborating and balancing research with a clinical or teaching role. This paper will be of interest to those at any stage in their clinical career with little to no experience of ClinEdR, but the enthusiasm to get started
How to … grow a team in clinical education research
Get PDFThe Incubator for Clinical Education Research (ClinEdR) is a UK-wide network, established with support from the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), to lead initiatives to build capacity in the field. Our lived experiences as members of the NIHR ClinEdR Incubator and wider literature are woven into this ‘How to …’ paper, which outlines what to consider as you seek to grow and develop a ClinEdR team. This paper sets out pragmatic steps to grow an effective ClinEdR team that has a wider impact and mutual benefits for its members and their institution(s). Growing a ClinEdR team requires more than a dynamic character to bring people together. In our view, you can grow a ClinEdR team with other people through a structured, well-thought-out approach, in which its members develop through collaborative work to achieve a shared objective
Correction: Elsherbeny et al. 2-(3-Bromophenyl)-8-fluoroquinazoline-4-carboxylic Acid as a Novel and Selective Aurora A Kinase Inhibitory Lead with Apoptosis Properties: Design, Synthesis, In Vitro and In Silico Biological Evaluation. Life 2022, 12, 876
Get PDFIn the original publication [1], reference number 26 [2] was added by mistake. Thus, it was removed.With this correction, the order of some references has been adjusted accordingly. The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated
Could the broad definition of “State” for the purposes of direct effect be justifiable under the EU’s aim of promoting a fully liberalised internal market?
No full textIn general, in the case of late transposition of the EU directives, they may be invoked vertically against a State only. Therefore, it became relatively early necessary to define the State for the purposes of direct effect. The Court of Justice of the EU adopted a broad notion of the State. However, could this emanation of the State be still justifiable under the EU's aim of promoting a fully liberalized Internal Market? The Article first defines the State for the purposes of direct effect, as evolved in the decisions of the Court of Justice of the EU. Subsequently, it analyses the Advocate General Sharpston's opinion in the Farrell case. With this analysis it sets out the areas of her opinion that the author of this Article does not concur with. The Article further argues that the deeper liberalisation of the Internal Market reduces the justification for the need to distinguish between public and private undertakings in relation to the emanation of the State for the purposes of direct effect. Based on the analysis provided in the Article, the author concludes with a proposal how a State should be defined in order to achieve the desired objective whilst taking into account the ongoing liberalisation of the Internal Market
Safety Assessment RP709 protease (subtilisin) produced by Bacillus licheniformis DSM 33099 (ProAct 360)
No full textAn application was submitted to the Food Standards Agency in March 2021 from DSM Nutritional Products LTD (“the applicant”) for the new authorisation of an additive (ProAct 360) containing protease (subtilisin), under the category of “zootechnical additives” and functional group “digestibility enhancers”. The additive is proposed to be used in growing poultry, with a proposed inclusion rate of 30,000 NFP/kg of complete feed (12% moisture). The Advisory Committee on Animal Feedingstuffs (ACAF) was asked to review the dossier and the supplementary information submitted by the Applicant, and to advise the Food Standards Agency and Food Standards Scotland (FSA/FSS) in evaluating the dossier. The FSA/FSS concluded, based on the ACAF’s advice, that the additive was correctly identified and characterised. No causes for concern were raised in this section of the dossier. The feed additive is safe for consumers, the target animal and the environment. The additive should be considered a potential respiratory sensitiser, dermal sensitiser and eye irritant. It is not a skin irritant. Based on data from three efficacy studies in broilers, it was concluded that the additive ProAct 360 is efficacious in growing poultry when included in feed at a dose of 30,000 NFP/kg. The views of ACAF have been taken into account in this safety assessment which represents the opinion of the FSA/FSS
Assessing the impact of a cleaning programme on environmental hygiene in labour and neonatal wards: an exploratory study in The Gambia
Get PDFBackground: Effective surface cleaning in hospitals is crucial to prevent the transmission of pathogens. However, hospitals in low- and middle-income countries face cleaning challenges due to limited resources and inadequate training. Methods: We assessed the effectiveness of a modified TEACH CLEAN programme for trainers in reducing surface microbiological contamination in the newborn unit of a tertiary referral hospital in The Gambia. We utilised a quasi-experimental design and compared data against those from the labour ward. Direct observations of cleaning practices and key informant interviews were also conducted to clarify the programme's impact. Results: Between July and September 2021 (pre-intervention) and October and December 2021 (post-intervention), weekly surface sampling was performed in the newborn unit and labour ward. The training package was delivered in October 2021, after which their surface microbiological contamination deteriorated in both clinical settings. While some cleaning standards improved, critical aspects such as using fresh cleaning cloths and the one-swipe method did not. Interviews with senior departmental and hospital management staff revealed ongoing challenges in the health system that hindered the ability to improve cleaning practices, including COVID-19, understaffing, disruptions to water supply and shortages of cleaning materials. Conclusions: Keeping a hospital clean is fundamental to good care, but training hospital cleaning staff in this low-income country neonatal unit failed to reduce surface contamination levels. Further qualitative investigation revealed multiple external factors that challenged any possible impact of the cleaning programme. Further work is needed to address barriers to hospital cleaning in low-income hospitals
Description and prevalence of gregarines infecting the amphipod Gammarus pulex, in the Water of Leith, Scotland, UK
Get PDFGregarines are symbiotic protists that are found in a broad spectrum of invertebrates, including insects, crustaceans, and annelids. Among these the globally distributed amphipod Gammarus pulex is one of the earliest recognized hosts for aquatic gregarines and is prevalent among macroinvertebrates in freshwater environments. In this study, samples of G. pulex were collected in the Water of Leith river, Scotland, UK. Gregarines were identified using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as standard molecular techniques. We identified three septate eugregarine symbionts—Heliospora longissima, Cephaloidophora gammari, and the here newly characterized Cephaloidophora conus n. sp. (formerly Cephaloidophora sp.) associated with Gammarus pulex in the Water of Leith. Prevalences for identified gregarine species were calculated and seasonal dynamics of gregarine infections/colonization were analyzed. Prevalences were highest in autumn and spring reaching almost 50%. While the two Cephaloidophora species showed similar colonization patterns, the prevalence of Heliospora showed an opposite trend. Identifying gregarine infection/colonization patterns is one step towards better understanding the gregarine-host relationship, as well as possible impacts of the gregarines on their hosts
Load carriage changes tibiofemoral arthrokinematics during ambulatory tasks in recruit-aged women
Get PDFThe introduction of women into U.S. military ground close combat roles requires research into sex-specific effects of military training and operational activities. Knee osteoarthritis is prevalent among military service members; its progression has been linked to occupational tasks such as load carriage. Analyzing tibiofemoral arthrokinematics during load carriage is important to understand potentially injurious motion and osteoarthritis progression. The study purpose was to identify effects of load carriage on knee arthrokinematics during walking and running in recruit-aged women. Twelve healthy recruit-aged women walked and ran while unloaded (bodyweight [BW]) and carrying additional + 25%BW and + 45%BW. Using dynamic biplane radiography and subject-specific bone models, tibiofemoral arthrokinematics, subchondral joint space and center of closest contact location between subchondral bone surfaces were analyzed over 0–30% stance (separate one-way repeated measures analysis of variance, load by locomotion). While walking, medial compartment contact location was 5% (~ 1.6 mm) more medial for BW than + 45%BW at foot strike (p = 0.03). While running, medial compartment contact location was 4% (~ 1.3 mm) more lateral during BW than + 25%BW at 30% stance (p = 0.04). Internal rotation was greater at + 45%BW compared to + 25%BW (p < 0.01) at 30% stance. Carried load affects tibiofemoral arthrokinematics in recruit-aged women. Prolonged load carriage could increase the risk of degenerative joint injury in physically active women
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