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Operator-valued multiplier theorems for causal translation-invariant operators with applications to control theoretic input-output stability
Get PDFWe prove an operator-valued Laplace multiplier theorem for causal translation-invariant linear operators which provides a characterization of continuity from Hα(R, U) to Hβ(R, U) (fractional U-valued Sobolev spaces, U a complex Hilbert space) in terms of a certain boundedness property of the transfer function (or symbol), an operator-valued holomorphic function on the right-half of the complex plane. We identify sufficient conditions under which this boundedness property is equivalent to a similar property of the boundary function of the transfer function. Under the assumption that U is separable, the Laplace multiplier theorem is used to derive a Fourier multiplier theorem. We provide an application to mathematical control theory, by developing a novel input-output stability framework for a large class of causal translation-invariant linear operators which refines existing input-output stability theories. Furthermore, we show how our work is linked to the theory of well-posed linear systems and to results on polynomial stability of operator semigroups. Several examples are discussed in some detail
Barriers and Facilitators to Clinical Supervision in Ghana: A Scoping Review
Get PDFBackground Clinical supervision involves the professional relationship between an experienced and knowledgeable clinician and a less experienced clinician in which the experienced clinician provides support toward the skills development of the less experienced one. The concept, structure, and format of clinical supervision vary in various jurisdictions and is influenced by the availability of resources, the training needs of supervisees, and organizational structures.Aim The aim of this scoping review was to explore, map out and synthesize the available literature on the facilitators and barriers to clinical supervision in Ghana.Methods The methodological framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley and modified by Levac et al. for scoping reviews, and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews were used to ensure a coherent and transparent reporting of literature. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Medline, and Google Scholar using key words and key terms. Articles published between January 1, 2000, and February 28, 2023, were included in the review.Results The initial search across all the databases yielded 208 results. Two independent reviewers completed both the title and abstract, and full text screenings. A third reviewer helped to resolve all discrepancies that arose during the screening process. The review included 20 articles and generated four themes: clinical supervision as a collaborative effort, feedback mechanism, training and adaptation, and challenges with implementation.Conclusion Findings from this review highlight that healthcare professionals in Ghana valued clinical supervision. However, the implementation of clinical supervision is faced with individual and systemic challenges. There is the need for on-going collaboration between educational and clinical institutions to develop modalities that promote clinical supervision in Ghana
Dual carbon goals and renewable energy innovations
Get PDFWe examine the impact of renewable energy technology innovation on carbon emissions within the framework of China's ‘dual carbon’ goal, focusing on the role of local (provincial) government innovation competitions and economic competition. Analyzing data across 30 provinces from 2010 to 2019, we investigate the correlation between renewable energy advancements and emission reductions and how local government competition modulates this relationship. Our findings suggest that renewable energy innovations have a significant negative impact on carbon emissions. The study reveals that innovation competition among local governments positively affects emission reductions, while economic competition has a negative impact. These results contribute to understanding how regulatory competition among local governments can support or impede the achievement of dual carbon objectives, emphasizing the need for a competitive yet collaborative regulatory environment to enhance the benefits of renewable energy innovations
Real-Time Digital Twin Platform: A Case Study on Core Network Selection in Aeronautical Ad-hoc Networks
No full textThe development of Digital Twins (DTs) is hindered by a lack of specialized, open-source solutions that can meet the demands of dynamic applications. This has caused state-of-the-art DT applications to be validated using offline data. However, this approach falls short of integrating real-time data, which is one of the most important characteristics of DTs. This can limit the validating effectiveness of DT applications in cases such as aeronautical ad-hoc networks (AANETs). Considering this, we develop a Real-Time Digital Twin Platform and implement core network selection in AANETs as a case study. In this, we implement microservice-based architecture and design a robust data pipeline. Additionally, we develop an interactive user interface using open-source tools. Using this, the platform supports real-time decision-making in the presence of data retrieval failures
Advancing UAV Communications: A Comprehensive Survey of Cutting-Edge Machine Learning Techniques
Get PDFThis paper provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution of Machine Learning (ML), from traditional to advanced, in its application and integration into unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication frameworks and practical applications. The manuscript starts with an overview of the existing research on UAV communication and introduces the most traditional ML techniques. It then discusses UAVs as versatile actors in mobile networks, assuming different roles from airborne user equipment (UE) to base stations (BS). UAV have demonstrated considerable potential in addressing the evolving challenges of next-generation mobile networks, such as enhancing coverage and facilitating temporary hotspots but pose new hurdles including optimal positioning, trajectory optimization, and energy efficiency. We therefore conduct a comprehensive review of advanced ML strategies, ranging from federated learning, transfer and meta-learning to explainable AI, to address those challenges. Finally, the use of state-of-the-art ML algorithms in these capabilities is explored and their potential extension to cloud and/or edge computing based network architectures is highlighted. INDEX TERMS Unmanned aerial vehicle, 6G, federated learning, transfer learning, meta learning, and explainable AI
Toward the Metaverse Realization in 6G: Orchestration of RIS-Enabled Smart Wireless Environments via Digital Twins
No full textReconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) represent an emerging technology envisioned to overcome some of the late challenges for the development of the sixth-generation (6G) such as reduced end-to-end communication latency and improved network reliability compared to 5G. In particular, in addition to its cost effectiveness and energy saving features, this technology has motivated a proliferation of studies regarding its capability of improving the propagation environments in terms of enhanced received signal. In addition, digital twins (DTs) are receiving remarkable attention for the development and maintenance of various future network services. This article discusses the complimentarity of these emerging concepts for the efficient realization of the metaverse in 6G networks. Specifically, it considers how a DT-aided RIS-based network architecture can provide substantial improvements towards the achievement of network latency and reliability necessary for the realization of metaverse in 6G. A brief overview of the latest status in the RIS and DT technologies is firstly provided, which is followed by a discussion on the potential use cases and services that can be delivered through a DT-aided RIS-based network architecture. The benefits of this architecture, in terms of communication latency, is validated through a representative simulation setup. Finally, challenges and future research directions with the proposed DT's role for RIS-enabled smart wireless environments
Diadromous Fish in the Context of Offshore Wind - Review of current knowledge & future research
Get PDFThe de-industrialisation discourse and the loss of modern industrial heritage in the Arab world: Jordan as a case study
Get PDFPurposeIndustrial heritage is considered an essential part of cultural heritage in the world. This heritage suffers from continued marginalisation in the Arab world, particularly in Jordan, where many industrial heritage sites have not been protected or studied well due to the lack of a clear definition of cultural heritage. Most of these sites, built in the 20th century, are gradually disappearing or scheduled for demolition. This paper explores the de-industrialisation discourse and the loss of modern industrial heritage in the Arab world, especially in Jordan.Design/methodology/approachThis research investigates the modern industrial heritage in Jordan as a case study in the Arab world. A comprehensive understanding of the industrial heritage has been obtained by adopting a case study approach and using a reconnaissance survey of potential industrial heritage sites in Jordan.FindingsSeven categories were used in the analysis of the de-industrialisation phenomenon of heritage sites: ownership, location, design and types; structure, significance, deterioration and physical condition and conservation attempts and alterations. Three main approaches to industrial heritage were identified: demolition, occasional maintenance and rare examples of conservation and adaptive reuse.Research limitations/implicationsThis study sheds light on the ownership issue of industrial structures in Jordan and invites policymakers, relevant authorities, private organisations and the public to consider the challenges and impact of de-industrialisation of such sites.Originality/valueThis research raises awareness of the de-industrialisation discourse, and highlights the value of industrial architecture dating back to the modernity period, which was short-lived in Jordan. It also calls for serious consideration of these sites to support sustainable development in the Arab World
‘I have struggled’: how individual identities impacted staff working experiences in higher education during COVID-19
Get PDFThe impact of individual identities on university staff’s experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic has been profound. We conducted a survey of 118 staff members at one Scottish university to explore how their identities were impacting on their experiences. Results from qualitative content analysis showed that existing inequalities had been exacerbated by the pandemic. The level of support received from line managers and colleagues had a direct effect on staff’s self-efficacy and wellbeing. Furthermore, feelings of disconnection from the university community further isolated staff, causing further negative impacts on their wellbeing. These findings suggest that ‘one-size fits all’ approaches to staff wellbeing are unlikely to be effective, and that policies should take into account individual situations, resources, and challenges. Policies should focus on promoting staff autonomy and self-efficacy, and should be flexible enough to consider the unique needs of each individual
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