Acıbadem Üniversitesi Açık Erişim Sistemi
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Repair of the left coronary artery originating from right coronary sinus with intramural course
No full text1JAN138-1403
Robotic coronary revascularization in Europe, state of art and future of EACTS-endorsed Robotic Cardiothoracic Surgery Taskforce
No full text4SEP 93
Receptivity-based uterine fibroid surgery: an updated systematic review of the evidence
No full textBackground: Analyzing expression patterns of receptivity genes is a minimally invasive diagnostic method to identify the underlying cause of subfertility in women with uterine fibroid with a history of implantation failure or recurrent pregnancy loss. This updated systematic review was designed to determine the molecular and genetic changes in the endometrium of women with fibroid and how myomctomy affect the outcome of spontaneous or assisted conception treatment. We also discussed the extent to which we should consider the effects of fibroids on endometrial receptivity when deciding whether or not to perform myomectomy. Methods: A total of 184 articles reached as a result of PubMed research and meeting the selection criteria, were evaluated. Of these, 28 full text articles on uterine leiomyoma and endometrium, leiomyoma and receptivity, fibroid and implantation, myomectomy and implantation, fibroid and genes, fibroid surgery and receptivity, fibroid and uterine peristalsis, fibroid and immune cell were evaluated. Results: The endometrium of subfertile women with fibroid appears to have a disease specific pattern according to the type of the fibroid. The response of the endometrium to a fibroid may vary depending on whether the fibroid is close or far from it. Leiomyomas that contribute to subfertility must be near to or in contact with the endometrium, as is the case for Types 0, 1 and 2 leiomyomas. The proximity to the endometrial cavity makes the effect of fibroid on the endometrium more pronounced. While Type 3 fibroid causes subfertility similar to submucosal fibroids, the subfertility-producing effects of Type 4 fibroids have not been clearly clarified. However, the fact that the fibroid is far from the cavity should not mean that it has no effect on the endometrium. The mechanical stress created by a Type 4 fibroid that is not connected to the endometrium may be converted into biological signal and disrupt receptivity. Data on whether myomectomy restores impaired receptivity are mostly based on clinical observations, and studies evaluating endometrial receptivity before and after myomectomy are very few. Conclusions: Analysis of receptivity genes in subfertile women with fibroid may assist the clinician in deciding whether or not to perform myomectomy. If it is determined whether fibroids affect receptivity other than their mechanical effects, the indications for myomectomy may expand or narrow.5APR4
An Exploratory Analysis of the Neural Correlates of Human-Robot Interactions With Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy
No full textFunctional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has been gaining increasing interest as a practical mobile functional brain imaging technology for understanding the neural correlates of social cognition and emotional processing in the human prefrontal cortex (PFC). Considering the cognitive complexity of human-robot interactions, the aim of this study was to explore the neural correlates of emotional processing of congruent and incongruent pairs of human and robot audio-visual stimuli in the human PFC with fNIRS methodology. Hemodynamic responses from the PFC region of 29 subjects were recorded with fNIRS during an experimental paradigm which consisted of auditory and visual presentation of human and robot stimuli. Distinct neural responses to human and robot stimuli were detected at the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) regions. Presentation of robot voice elicited significantly less hemodynamic response than presentation of human voice in a left OFC channel. Meanwhile, processing of human faces elicited significantly higher hemodynamic activity when compared to processing of robot faces in two left DLPFC channels and a left OFC channel. Significant correlation between the hemodynamic and behavioral responses for the face-voice mismatch effect was found in the left OFC. Our results highlight the potential of fNIRS for unraveling the neural processing of human and robot audio-visual stimuli, which might enable optimization of social robot designs and contribute to elucidation of the neural processing of human and robot stimuli in the PFC in naturalistic conditions.JUL 181
Within- and between-subject biological variation data for tumor markers based on the European Biological Variation Study
No full textObjectives: Reliable biological variation (BV) data are required for the clinical use of tumor markers in the diagnosis and monitoring of treatment effects in cancer. The European Biological Variation Study (EuBIVAS) was established by the EFLM Biological Variation Working Group to deliver BV data for clinically important measurands. In this study, EuBIVAS-based BV estimates are provided for cancer antigen (CA) 125, CA 15-3, CA 19-9, carcinoembryonic antigen, cytokeratin-19 fragment, alpha-fetoprotein and human epididymis protein 4. Methods: Subjects from five European countries were enrolled in the study, and weekly samples were collected from 91 healthy individuals (53 females and 38 males21-69 years old) for 10 consecutive weeks. All samples were analyzed in duplicate within a single run. After excluding outliers and homogeneity analysis, the BVs of tumor markers were determined by CV-ANOVA on trendcorrected data, when relevant (Roraas method). Results: Marked individuality was found for all tumor markers. CYFRA 21-1 was the measurand with the highest index of individuality (II) at 0.67, whereas CA 19-9 had the lowest II at 0.07. The CVIs of HE4, CYFRA 21-1, CA 19-9, CA 125 and CA 15-3 of pre- and postmenopausal females were significantly different from each other. Conclusions: This study provides updated BV estimates for several tumor markers, and the findings indicate that marked individuality is characteristic. The use of reference change values should be considered when monitoring treatment of patients by means of tumor markers.4MAR 28543-5526
Coronaphobia: A barrier to ongoing cancer treatment?
No full textIntroduction Increased stress levels caused by the pandemic might cause delays in cancer treatment. We conducted a survey among cancer patients undergoing treatment to evaluate their psychological wellbeing and treatment adherence during Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. Material and Methods Patients receiving active chemotherapy at a private oncology center between January and May 2021 were included. Healthy volunteers were employees of a district health directorate with no history of cancer or chronic disease. Treatment adherence was described as compliant if the prescribed treatment was received within a week and the information was gained from patient charts. Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and COVID-19 phobia scale (CP19-S) were administered to participants. Results 402 participants were included193 (48\%) were cancer patients. The mean age of the participants was 44 years old and 68\% of the participants were female. All participants' CP19-S mean score was 47.9. Patient group had significantly lower CP19-S (p = 0.006). Chronic disease and history of a shocking event were the factors associated with CP19-S. All participants reporting hospital anxiety were found to have significantly higher COVID-19 phobia levels (p < 0.05). Patients' mean HADS-anxiety score was significantly higher (7.3 vs. 6.5, p = 0.027). COVID-19 phobia was an independent factor increasing the level of anxiety and depression in both groups. Adherence to treatment was 100\%. Conclusion The pandemic increased levels of anxiety, however, cancer treatment continued to be a priority in patients' lives. Strategies should be developed to support oncology patients cope with the pandemic and increase their courage to avoid treatment delays.7JUL1178-11853
Understanding the Role of the Microbiome in Cancer Diagnostics and Therapeutics by Creating and Utilizing ML Models
No full textSimple Summary Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Colorectal cancer belongs to the group of the most malignant tumors for which their burden can be only reduced through early detection and appropriate treatment. Increasing evidence indicates that the intestine microbiota is related and can impact colorectal carcinogenesis. This study proposes a multidisciplinary approach of two-phase methodology for modeling and interpreting the key biomarkers that can play a significant role in understanding the drug-resistant mechanism for patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer. The proposed methodology was evaluated using a publicly accessible dataset, which may serve clinicians as a complementary analysis tool in colorectal cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. This study contributes to the field of predictive modeling in healthcare. Recent studies have highlighted that gut microbiota can alter colorectal cancer susceptibility and progression due to its impact on colorectal carcinogenesis. This work represents a comprehensive technical approach in modeling and interpreting the drug-resistance mechanisms from clinical data for patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer. To accomplish our aim, we developed a methodology based on evaluating high-performance machine learning models where a Python-based random forest classifier provides the best performance metrics, with an overall accuracy of 91.7\%. Our approach identified and interpreted the most significant genera in the cases of resistant groups. Thus far, many studies point out the importance of present genera in the microbiome and intend to treat it separately. The symbiotic bacterial analysis generated different sets of joint feature combinations, providing a combined overview of the model's predictiveness and uncovering additional data correlations where different genera joint impacts support the therapy-resistant effect. This study points out the different perspectives of treatment since our aggregate analysis gives precise results for the genera that are often found together in a resistant group of patients, meaning that resistance is not due to the presence of one pathogenic genus in the patient microbiome, but rather several bacterial genera that live in symbiosis.9MAY1
GUT MICROBIOTA EFFECTS IN HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANT PATIENTS
No full textObjective: In our study, we analyzed gut microbiota in allo-HSCT patients and aimed to evaluate the relationship of gut microbio-ta with transplant complications, mainly GVHD. Materials and Methods: A total of 25 adult recipients and do-nors who underwent allo-HSCT at Istanbul Anadolu Medical Center were included in the study. Stool samples were collected twice, before chemotherapy regimen and after allo-HSCT. Sam-ples were analyzed by High Melting (HRM) Analysis and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) methods after nucleic acid iso-lation. Sequencing was done with Illumina MiSeq. Bacteria Silva database was used for taxonomic classification and QIIME 2 pro-grams were used for analysis. Statistical analyses were carried out with the R statistical programming language. Results: Twenty-five allo-HKHN recipients were included in the study. The mean age was 46.24 +/- 14.86 years in recipients and 43.40 +/- 13.20 years in donors. Gender distribution was M/F: 15/10 in patients and M/F: 17/8 in donors. Recipient and donor sib-ling HLA match was 10/10. The rate of GVHD associated with Allo-HSCT was 16\%, and the relapse rate was 16\%. It was ob-served that the Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla changed significantly before and after transplantation. The number of Entereccocus species was found to be higher in patients who developed GVHD and died. The loss of diversity was found to be statistically significant in the pre-transplant and post-engraft-ment samples of the patients. Conclusion: Gut microbiota diversity may guide the monitoring of GVHD and also may be manipulated for the treatment of GVHD. It is thought that increasing the diversity of commensal bacteria can also positively affect the prognosis of the disease.3MAY 10296-3048
Comparative transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 variants Delta and Alpha in New England, USA
No full textThe SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant rose to dominance in mid-2021, likely propelled by an estimated 40\%???80\% increased transmissibility over Alpha. To investigate if this ostensible difference in transmissibility is uniform across populations, we partner with public health programs from all six states in New England in the United States. We compare logistic growth rates during each variant???s respective emergence period, finding that Delta emerged 1.37???2.63 times faster than Alpha (range across states). We compute variant-specific effective reproductive numbers, estimating that Delta is 63\%???167\% more transmissible than Alpha (range across states). Finally, we estimate that Delta infections generate on average 6.2 (95\% CI 3.1???10.9) times more viral RNA copies per milliliter than Alpha infections during their respective emergence. Overall, our evidence suggests that Delta???s enhanced transmissibility can be attributed to its innate ability to increase infectiousness, but its epidemiological dynamics may vary depending on underlying population attributes and sequencing data availability.4APR 19
Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory therapeutic potential of gingerols and their nanoformulations
No full textGinger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), a member of the Zingiberaceae family, is one of the most popular spices worldwide, known since ancient times, and used both as a spice and a medicinal plant. The phenolic compounds found in ginger are predominantly gingerols, shogaols, and paradols. Gingerols are the major phenolic compounds found in fresh ginger and contain mainly 6-gingerol as well as 4-, 5-, 8-, 10-, and 12-gingerols. Gingerols possess a wide array of bioactivities, such as antioxidant and anticancer, among others. Regarding the different array of biological activities and published data on the mechanisms underlying its action, the complex interaction between three key events, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and immunity, appears to contribute to a plethora of pharmacological activities of this compound. Among these, the immunomodulatory properties of these compounds, which attract attention due to their effects on the immune system, have been the focus of many studies. Gingerols can alleviate inflammation given their ability to inhibit the activation of protein kinase B (Akt) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) signaling pathways, causing a decrease in proinflammatory and an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines. However, given their low bioavailability, it is necessary to develop new and more effective strategies for treatment with gingerols. In order to overcome this problem, recent studies have addressed new drug delivery systems containing gingerols. In this review, the immunomodulatory activities of gingerol and its underlying mechanisms of action combined with the contributions of developed nanodrug delivery systems to this activity will be examined.SEP 51