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The Use of Handwriting Changes for the Follow-up of Patients with Bipolar Disorder
No full textIntroduction: Patients with bipolar disorder have motor skill deficiency and cognitive dysfunction. It is suggested that these deficiencies are related to the neurodevelopmental course of the disease. The aim of this study was to examine whether or not there was a change in the handwriting of patients with bipolar disorder in periods of mania and remission. Method: Two samples of handwriting and signature were taken from the cases, one on admission before treatment and one just after discharge. The first sample was taken in the period when the patients hospitalised with manic episode before medications and the second sample was taken in remission when the decision for discharge was made. The handwriting changes betwen the manic episode and the remission period were examined. Results: In the examination of the handwriting between the two periods. there was an increase in the size of the writing, pen pressure, the length of words, the spaces between words, and missing and incorrect punctuation marks in the manic episode. There were no differences in any handwriting measure on function of the specific diagnosis or the antipsychotic dose but tremor count was higher in patients using antipsychotics (p<0.05). Most of the parameters showing a change were found to be related to the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) scores. Conclusion: The results of this study determined severe changes in the handwriting of patients with bipolar disorder in a period of mania. Handwriting features can be used to screen patients for discharge and can be used for prediction when a patient might switch into manic episode. Also intake YMRS scores were found as the most important feature that affect handwriting parameters in manic patients
USING MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF COVARIANCE IN GENETIC PARAMETER ESTIMATION
No full textIn this study, it is aimed to use multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) as an alternative approach for estimating genetic parameters and to define the efficiency of the MANCOVA method in the estimation of variance components by comparing the results to the ML and ANOVA methods. The data are collected by simulation. A mixed model, in which both fixed and random factors exist, is employed. For the MANCOVA model, the dependent variables are defined as milk yield and birth weight, and the covariances are determined as dry period and dam weight. In comparing the variance components derived from different analysis methods, the study is based on the criteria that the environmental variance should be low and that the ratio of the environmental variance to the total variance should be low. In the comparison of the methods, the lowest environmental variances for the dependent variables are obtained from MANCOVA as 0.27317 and 21.58371 for milk yield and birth weight, respectively. Comparing the ratio of the environmental variance to the total variance, both for milk yield (0.2647) and birth weight (0.9634), the lowest values are obtained from the MANCOVA method. In mixed models and in the case of balanced and normally distributed data, MANCOVA is ascertained to be an alternative to ML and ANOVA for estimating genetic parameters
Methodology for spatial analysis of hybrid renewable energy potential
No full textThe increasing growth trends in the urban population and the continuous transformation of management concepts in urban environments have led to an increasing need for integrated and interoperable systems to support and enable the intelligent management of complex sys-tems in cities. The questions of the research; (i) What is the relationship between investment areas and potential areas for wind power plants (WPP), solar power plants (SPP) and biomass power plants (BPP) in Turkey? (ii) What are the regional priority areas for hybrid power plants based on WPP, SPP and BPP in the form? The aim of this article is to reveal the development of Turkey within the global policies that have necessarily evolved into hybrid energy production based on wind, solar and biomass, and to test a method for determining hybrid renewable energy potential areas. The study basically includes two stages. In the first stage, to present the general view and de-velopment, the installed power data according to the provinces from the annual reports of the Energy Market Regulatory Authority (EMRA) were mapped with the ArcMap 10.5 interface of ArcGIS software, which is one of the GIS system applications. In the second stage, VIKOR analysis, one of the MCDM methods, was performed to identify potential areas suitable for hybrid use. Accessibility of data, finding, collecting, and transform-ing the data set is an important step in studies carried out on indicators. Data for 81 provinces were obtained over the 2020 indicators regarding the determination of potential areas. For wind power plants, average wind speed; for solar power plant, average solar radiation times; for a biomass power plant, the amount of waste per capita and the energy equivalents of plant and animal wastes were obtained by requesting the General Directorate of Renewable Energy under the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources. The data at this stage were transformed and priority areas were determined through numerical indicators. The limitations of this research, which reveal the empirical and methodological contribution, are listed in terms of energy type and scale. While the limitation in terms of energy type is hybrid systems based on wind, solar and biomass, in terms of scale, it covers the determination of potential areas in terms of strategic spatial planning. Within the scope of the study, the adoption of the VIKOR method includes the method to reveal the result based on consensus. In addition to providing this consensus, the method highlights the majority decision in terms of q=0.75 and q=1.00 values and reveals the minority group's decisions in terms of q=0.25 and q=0.00 conditions. Since the main axis of the study is based on consensus, ranking according to q=0.50 conditions was taken as the basis for potential prioritisation. The results reveal TR52, TR33, TR62, TR72 and TR63 regions as first-order potential regions for hybrid power plants. The replacement of traditional central electricity grid infrastructures with hybrid energy systems will provide opportunities for the integration of renewable energy sources into such systems, as well as reduce energy losses. Such systems will facilitate and accelerate the transition to the energy cooperative system. In addition, it will positively affect the innovative development of countries by in-creasing the orientation to regional storage and production. Today, the understanding of urban planning has taken consensus as its main axis. The VIKOR method, in which multiple deci-sion-making is at the forefront, also emerges as a method that supports the understanding of urban planning. The VIKOR method reveals important information to grasp the potential of renewable energy sources. In the study where hybrid potential areas were determined, TR52, TR33, TR62, TR72 and TR63 regions were in the first place as potential. This information can facilitate the transition of national energy and environmental development to sustainability by helping to establish a developmental vision for sustainable energy systems based on natural resources in the Strategic Spatial Planning process. When it comes to an energy policy developed with plans, the questions for whom, how much, where, what type of resource, how it will be managed, how it will be shared and how it will be distributed remain in the void. In this context, the fact that the VIKOR method an-swers these questions and is based on multiple decision-making in terms of the answers reveals that it can be used in planning processes
An analytical and numerical approach to the determination of thermal necrosis in cortical bone drilling
No full textIn the process of repairing fractures in the bone region with orthopedic injuries, the application of supporting and strengthening the bone tissue with screws, wires, rods, and plates is a widely preferred internal fixation method. In this treatment process, it is necessary to drill the bone tissue to fix the screws. Due to the heat generated in the drilling process, mechanical and thermal damage occurs in the bone tissue. In this study, it is focused that the effect of different cutting conditions on the temperature distribution and necrosis zones in the drilling of human cortical bone. In this context, by selecting variable drill geometry (diameter, point angle, and helix angle) and variable cutting parameters (cutting speed and feed rate), temperature distribution and necrosis zones were investigated with finite element analyses and analytical calculations. When the findings were evaluated, it was understood that drill diameter and cutting speed did not have a significant effect on temperatures and necrosis zone at low cutting speeds. At high cutting speeds, it was observed that the feed rate and drill point angle had an indeterminate effect on the temperatures. The lowest temperature values were obtained at cutting speed of 750 rpm and a feed rate of 0.1 mm/rev for low cutting speeds, and cutting speed of 1500 rpm, helix angle of 10 degrees and drill bit diameter of 2 mm for high cutting speeds. The narrowest necrosis zones were obtained at cutting speed of 250 rpm and feed rate of 0.1 mm/rev for both drill diameters. As a result, the effects of different drill geometry and cutting parameters were determined in order to obtain low temperature distribution and narrow necrosis zone in cortical bone drilling
Türkiye’de Aromaterapi Uygulanarak Yapılan Lisansüstü Randomize Kontrollü Hemşirelik Çalışmalarının İncelenmesi
No full textAmaç: Bu araştırma Türkiye’de hemşirelik alanında aromaterapi uygulanarak yapılan randomize kontrollü lisansüstü çalışmaların incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu derleme çalışmasında, 2000-2019 yılları arasında, hemşirelikte aromaterapi yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı randomize kontrollü tezler incelenmiştir. Yüksek Öğrenim Kurumu Ulusal Tez Merkezi Veri Tabanı “randomize kontrollü” ve “hemşirelik” anahtar kelimeleri ile birbirinden bağımsız iki araştırmacı tarafından taranmıştır. Belirtilen yıllar arasında toplam 509 lisansüstü tez incelenmiştir. İncelenen tezlerin araştırmaya dahil edilme ölçütleri; randomize kontrollü tasarımda olması, aromaterapi yöntemlerinin etkinliğinin incelenmesi ve hemşirelik alanında yapılmış olmasıdır. Bu doğrultuda dahil edilme ölçütlerini karşılayan toplam 19 teze ulaşılmıştır.Bulgular: Tezlerden 11’i doktora, 8’i ise yüksek lisans düzeyinde yapılmış olup, çalışmaların tamamına yakınının (%94,7) son beş yılda yapıldığı görülmüştür. Çalışmalar kapsamında en çok kullanılan aromatik yağın lavanta olduğu (%78,9) ve lavanta yağının en fazla inhalasyon yöntemiyle (%60) kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. Lisansüstü hemşirelik çalışmalarının çoğunun (%52,6) aromaterapi uygulamasının ağrı üzerine etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla yürütüldüğü saptanmıştır.Sonuç: Türkiye’de hemşirelik alanında yapılan randomize kontrollü lisansüstü çalışmaların tamamına yakınında aromaterapi uygulamalarının kullanım amacına göre etkili olduğu bildirilmiştir
Circuit Applications of Schwarz-Pick Lemma
No full textIn this brief, the relation between Schwarz-Pick lemma and driving point impedance function is investigated. Schwarz-Pick lemma is given as the generalized version of Schwarz lemma. Here, a generic driving point impedance function is obtained by applying Schwarz-Pick lemma to positive real functions. At first, a novel inequality is obtained for the modulus of the derivative of the driving point impedance function and in the next step, an extremal function is found by applying sharpness analysis to this inequality. At the end, obtained extremal function is considered as a generic driving point impedance function and corresponding circuit schematics are presented with their spectral analyses. Obtained driving point impedance function is not an arbitrary function but it is the intuitive result of the considered problem in this study. Accordingly, it is guaranteed to obtain a practically realizable driving point impedance function. Also, novel upper bounds are determined for the magnitude of driving point impedance function and for its derivative
FARKLI BRANŞLARDAKİ ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ OKUMA MOTİVASYONLARININ İNCELENMESİ
No full textBu araştırma farklı branştaki öğretmen adaylarının okuma motivasyonlarını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Nicel araştırma yöntemlerinde tarama deseni ile gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın örneklemini uygun örnekleme yoluyla seçilen 463 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin toplanmasında Yetişkin Okuma Motivasyonu Ölçeği ile demografik değişkenlerden oluşan Kişisel Bilgi Formundan yararlanılmıştır. Veri analizi Jamovi yazılımı kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgularda öğretmen adaylarının cinsiyetlerine göre herhangi bir değişim gözlenmezken; farklı branşlara ve sınıf düzeyine göre okuma motivasyonlarının anlamlı bir şekilde farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bulgulardan elde edilen en çarpıcı sonuç bilimsel yayınları takip eden öğretmen adaylarının okuma motivasyonlarının tüm alt boyutlarda ve toplam puana göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Bu araştırma bulgularına dayanarak, öğretmen adaylarının okuma motivasyon düzeylerinin orta düzeyin üzerinde olduğu söylenebilir. Sonuç olarak öğretmen adaylarının okuma motivasyonları değişkenlik gösterebilmektedir. Araştırma bulgularının gelecekte araştırmacılar için önemli kaynak olacağı öngörülmektedir. Bilimsel yayınları takip eden öğretmen adaylarının yetiştirilmesi için eğitim fakültelerinde bu konuda yapılan çalışma sayılarının artırılması önerilmektedir
The bioactive new type paraben decorated dispiro-cyclotriphosphaze compounds: synthesis, characterization and cytotoxic activity studies
No full textCancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and hence studies to find anti-cancer agents for its treatment continue to grow in importance. Generally, cytotoxic drugs have been used for cancer treatment in susceptible cells. Parabens that is known for their anti-microbial and antifungal properties are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. For this purpose, new type paraben decorated dispirocyclotriphosphazene compounds ( 2-6 ) were synthesized for the first time. After purification of all compounds (1-6 ), their structures were characterized by MALDI-TOF Mass analysis, FT-IR, (1) H, (13) C and (31) P NMR spectra. In vitro cytotoxic activity of the cell lines were examined by MTT assay after treating MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) and DLD-1 (Dukes' Type C, Colorectal Adenocarcinoma) cells with varying concentrations of all compounds (12,5-200 mu M) for 24 h. The obtained data were evaluated using Anova analysis and described as IC50 values. Particularly, compounds 1 and 3 for MCF-7 cells and compound 1 for DLD-1 cells takes attention as cytotoxic agents.(c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Gebze Technical Univer-sity (GTU) [2017-A105-35]The authors would like to thank the Gebze Technical Univer-sity (GTU) (Project no: 2017-A105-35) for financial support. The authors thank the Amasya University Central Research Laboratory (AUMAULAB) for their kind understanding of using their facilities
Ebû İshâk el-Cûzcânî’nin Kûfe Ehline Yönelik Cerhlerinin Mezhep Taassubu Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi
No full textCerh-ta’dil faaliyetlerinde beşerî zaafların yanısıra mezheb taassubundan kaynaklanan olumsuzluklar, ricâl tenkidinin geçerliliği ve güvenilirliğini ilk dönemlerden itibaren tartışmaya açmıştır. Bu noktada ricâl tenkidinin olgunlaşıp cerh ve tadil faaliyetlerinin sistematik bir yapı kazandığı, özellikle duafâ literatürünün oluştuğu hicrî III. asrın araştırılması, alandaki tartışmalara katkı sağlamak adına önem arz etmektedir. Bu makale, hicrî III. asırda bid’at ehline yönelik aşırı tenkitleriyle dikkat çeken cerh-ta’dil âlimlerinden Ebû İshâk el-Cûzcânî’nin (öl. 259/873) , “Ahvâlu’r-ricâl” adlı eserinden hareketle, bid’at ehlinin rivayeti karşısındaki tutumu etrafında Şiî eğilimli Kûfeli râvilere yönelik cerhlerinin mezhep taassubu açısından değerlendirilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Cûzcânî, eserinde geniş bir yer tutan ve teşeyyü ile itham edilen Kûfeli râvilere yönelik tenkitlerinde mezhebî taassubla hareket ettiği ve müteşeddit olduğu şeklinde eleştirilmiştir. Özellikle hakkındaki Nâsibîlik ithamı, Kûfeli râvilere karşı taassup beslediği iddiasına neden olmuştur. Ancak, Cûzcânî’nin sadece müteşeyyî râvilere yönelik değil, diğer bid’at fırkalara mensup râvilere karşı da aşırı tenkitlerinin olması, cerhlerinin taassubtan ziyade hadis uydurma hareketindeki rolleri nedeniyle bid’at ehline ve onların rivayetlerine karşı olumsuz tavrından kaynaklandığı anlaşılmıştır
Effects of different prebiotic agents on the color and sensory properties of chocolate powder drinks
No full textFMB-BAP 19-0425Dünyadaki çoğu insan tarafından tüketilen toplam enerjinin %60-70'i nişasta bazlı besinlerden sağlanmaktadır. Beslenme sırasında nişasta miktarını azaltmak için geliştirilen fonksiyonel gıdalarda uygun prebiyotik seçimi ürünlerin duyusal özelliklerini etkilediği için hayati önem taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle geleneksel toz çikolatalı içecek bileşiminde bulunan nişasta gibi hidrokolloidlerin yerine tercih edilen inülin, polidekstroz ve maltodekstrin ile ürün formülasyonunu optimum hale getirmek ürünün renk ve duyusal kalitesinin arttırılabilmesinde önem teşkil etmektedir. Bu amaçla optimizasyonda basit karışım tasarımı kullanılarak üç değişkenli regresyon modelleri oluşturulmuştur. Gerçekleştirilen optimizasyon çalışmasında inülin (0.00, 3.68, 7.66, 11.50, 15.64 ve 23.00 g), polidektroz (0.00, 3.68, 7.66, 11.50, 15.64 ve 23.00 g) ve maltodekstrin oranları (0.00, 3.68, 7.66, 11.50, 15.64 ve 23.00 g) bağımsız değişkenler olarak belirlenmiş olup renk parametreleri (L*, a*, b*) ve duyusal özellikler ise yanıt değerleri olarak seçilmiştir. Çalışmadaki prebiyotik toz çikolatalı içeceklerin b*, pH ve su aktivitesi değerleri sırasıyla 10.33±0.29-12.84±0.20, 7.21±0.08–7.26±0.01 ve 0.293±0.00-0.319±0.00 aralığında tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda yapılan duyusal değerlendirmelerde içeceklerin inülin, polidekstroz ve maltodekstrin ile üretilmesi ürünün koku, tatlılık ve genel beğeni değerlerini istatistiksel olarak attırırken renk özelliklerini değiştirmemiştir. Toz çikolatalı içecek formülasyonunda inülin, polidekstroz ve maltodekstrin oranı arttıkça içeceklerin duyusal özelliklerinde iyileşmelerin olduğu görülmüştür. Optimum toz çikolatalı içecek formülasyonunda değişkenler 6.76 g inulin, 12.35g polidekstroz ve 3.89 g maltodekstrin olarak belirlenmiş ve bu bileşen oranları ile kabul edilebilir duyusal özellikleri sağlayan alternatif fonksiyonel içecek üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir.Starch-based foods supply 60–70% of the total energy provided in nutrition worldwide. The selection of prebiotics suitable for functional foods developed to lower the amount of starch consumed during nutrition is important since it influences the sensory qualities of the products. For this reason, optimizing the product formulation with inulin, polydextrose, and maltodextrin, which are preferred instead of hydrocolloids such as starch in the traditional powdered chocolate drink composition, is important in increasing the color and sensory quality of the product. For this purpose, three-variable regression models were created using a simple mixture design in optimization. In the optimization study, inulin (0.00, 3.68, 7.66, 11.50, 15.64, and 23.00 g), polydextrose (0.00, 3.68, 7.66, 11.50, 15.64, and 23.00 g), maltodextrin ratio (0.00, 3.68, 7.66, 11.50, 15.64, and 23.00 g) were determined as independent variables, and color analysis parameters L a* b* and sensory properties in beverages were used as responses. The b*, pH, and water activity values of the prebiotic powdered cocoa drinks in the study were determined in the range of 10.33±0.29-12.84±0.20, 7.21±0.08–7.26±0.01 and 0.293±0.00-0.319±0.00, respectively. In the sensory assessments as a result of the study, the production of drinks containing inulin, polydextrose, and maltodextrin statistically increased the product's odor, sweetness, and general taste but did not affect the product's color. It was observed that the sensory characteristics of powdered chocolate beverages improved when the ratios of inulin, polydextrose, and maltodextrin were increased. The optimal powdered chocolate drink formulation variables were determined to be 6.76 g inulin, 12.35 g polydextrose, and 3.89 g maltodextrin, and other functional drinks with acceptable sensory qualities were generated using these component ratios.[TR] Amasya Üniversites