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AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ON THE CURRENCY-INFLATION TRANSITION IN TURKEY
No full textyokTürkiye gibi gelişmekte olan ülkelerde, sermaye hareketlerinin serbestliği, dışa bağımlılık, ithalat eğiliminin ve dolarizasyonun yüksek olması gibi nedenlerle döviz kurları, her zaman enflasyon dinamiklerinin temel faktörlerinden biri olmuştur. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada 2004-2021 döneminde enflasyon oranları ve döviz kuru arasındaki ilişkilerin ortaya konması hedeflenmektedir. Bu bağlamda enflasyon ve kur ilişkisinin incelenmesinde, Tüketici fiyat endeksi (TÜFE), Üretici fiyat endeksi (ÜFE), Reel döviz kuru serilerinden faydalanarak VAR modeli oluşturulmuş, Granger Nedensellik Analizinin yanısıra Tado-Yamomata Nedensellik analizi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular beklenildiği gibi, KUR değişkeninden, ÜFE’ye ve TÜFE’ye, ÜFE’den TÜFE’ye tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkilerinin var olduğunu göstermektedir. Kur değişimlerinin hem ÜFE üzerinden dolaylı olarak, hem de doğrudan TÜFE üzerinde iki farklı kanaldan etkili olduğunu işaret etmektedir. Varyans ayrıştırma sonuçlarına baktığımız zaman, kur değişiminin TÜFE’deki değişimin %37’sini, ÜFE’deki değişimin ise %61,6 kadarlık kısmını açıkladığını görmekteyiz. Elde edilen bulgular Türkiye’de kur geçişkenliğinin söz konusu dönem için geçerli olduğuna işaret etmektedir.Abstract In developing countries such as Turkey, exchange rates have always been one of the main factors of inflation dynamics due to the freedom of capital movements, foreign dependency, high import tendency and dollarization. Therefore, in this study, it is aimed to reveal the relations between inflation rates and exchange rates in the period of 2004-2021. In this context, in examining the relationship between inflation and exchange rate, the VAR model was created by using the Consumer price index (CPI), the producer price index (PPI), the real exchange rate series, and the Tado-Yamomata causality analysis was carried out as well as the Granger Causality Analysis. The findings show that, as expected, there are unidirectional causality relationships from the CUR variable to PPI and CPI, and from PPI to CPI. It points out that exchange rate changes are effective both indirectly on PPI and directly on CPI through two different channels. When we look at the variance decomposition results, we see that the exchange rate change explains 37% of the change in CPI and 61.6% of the change in PPI. The findings indicate that the exchange rate pass-through in Turkey is valid for the period
DKAB ve İHL Meslek Dersleri Öğretmenlerinin Deizme Bakışı
No full textBu araştırma, son zamanlarda öğrenciler arasında yaygınlaştığı iddia edilen deizm inancı hakkında, DKAB ve İHL Meslek Dersleri öğretmenlerinin görüşlerini tespit etmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma nitel araştırma desenlerinden biri olan durum analiziyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda Türkiye’nin 7 farklı bölgesinden ve 4 ayrı ortaöğretim türünden 35 kişiyle yarı yapılandırılmış formlarla görüşme usulüyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan öğretmenlerin görüşlerine göre, ortaöğretimde deizm düşüncesinin yaygınlık kazandığı ancak bunun bilinçli bir yönelim olmadığı sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır. Öğrencilerin önemli bir kısmı, popüler bir konu olduğu için deizme ilgi duymaktadırlar. Deizme yönelen gençlerin bilgi kaynakları çoğunlukla kulaktan dolma ya da sosyal medya ortamlarından edinilmiş bilgiler olup doğru ve sağlam kaynaklar değildir. Öğretmenlere göre okullardaki din bilgisi dersleri deizme yönelen gençlerin sorularına yeterli cevap verecek nitelikte değildir
Perinatal Communication
No full textyokIn the perinatal period, communication is often established between the health professional and the woman. Effective communication between the health professional and the woman during pregnancy, birth and postpartum processes is very important in protecting maternal and fetal health. In this direction, it is aimed to examine the importance of communication in the perinatal period with the planned review. For the study planned as a compilation, "communication", "perinatal", "pregnancy", "birth", "postpartum period" and related words were searched in electronic databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Cochrane and Mendeley). The perinatal period begins at the 22nd week of pregnancy and ends at the end of the 7th postpartum day. In this process, care and consultancy services are provided in line with the principles of care that respect women and evidence-based practices. Consequently, effective communication is the most important component of evidence-based practice and respectful care in labor and delivery. In addition, effective communication between the health professional and the woman during the perinatal period will increase the quality of her care
Demographic, Epidemiological and Etiological Characteristics of Fungal Keratitis Cases in Southern Anatolia Tertiary Eye Care Center
No full textTo evaluate the demographic, epidemiological and etiological characterisitics of fungal keratitis cases in our tertiary eye care center located in the Eastern Mediterraen coast of South Anatolia.A retrospective review of all culture-proven fungal keratitis seen from May 2017 to May 2019 was performed. The demographic features, predisposing factors, associated systemic and ocular characteristics, and microbiological analysis results of cases were evaluated. The mean age of 15 cases with fungal keratitis was 46±7 years (range: 19-77 years) with a male-to-female ratio of 4:1. The majority of the occupations of the cases were agricultural workers or farmers (73%). The etiology was predominantly trauma mostly with an environmental origin (93.3%). Fungal growth was detected in 15 eyes (38.5%) in a total of 39 microbial positive corneal cultures. Filamentous fungi were responsible for all cases, including Fusarium sp. in 8 eyes (53.3%) and Aspergillus sp. in 7 eyes (46.7%). Species of Fusarium were determined in 4 eyes, namely F. Aquaeductus, F. Chlamydosporum, F. oxysporum and F. solani; whereas species of Aspergillus were determined in 3 eyes, namely A. niger and A. flavus. Bacterial and fungal coinfection was shown in two eyes (Aspergillus sp. with Gram (+) beta hemolytic streptococcus; Fusarium sp. with Pseudomonas orzyihabitans). The results of this study, which determines the characteristics of fungal keratitis cases encountered in the Eastern Mediterranean coasts of Southern Anatolia may be useful in the early diagnosis of the disease, in the timely and appropriate empirical treatment of the patients living in this region
Hunger Games Search Algorithm for Model Order Reduction of Gas Turbine Power Plants
No full text4th International Congress on Human-Computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications, HORA 2022 -- 9 June 2022 through 11 June 2022 -- -- 180434The installation of power plants based on various types of energy resources increases in parallel to the rise in energy demand. Following a clean and environmentally friendly policy is as important as meeting this energy need. The effect of these policies causes significant increases in the use of renewable energy sources in modern power systems. However, these energy sources have a negative effect on the power system reliability due to their intermittence nature. In recent years, as a low-polluting fossil-based energy source, natural gas has attracted increasing attention. Consequently, the role of the gas turbine power plants increases in providing reliable power supply. Like many other similar systems, gas turbine plants have a complicated structure and thus are modeled with higher-order transfer functions. In this regard, hunger games search (HGS) algorithm is proposed in this study to extract the second-order reduced-order model of gas turbine power plants that are represented with a fourth-order model in the original. The aim of this study is to overcome the computation burden in system model-based analyses by maintaining the significant characteristics of the higher-order model. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by comparing it with Routh stability and particle swarm optimization-based methods. © 2022 IEEE
Characteristics of our hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia patients receiving corticosteroids and mortality-associated factors
No full textBackground COVID-19 is a disease associated with diffuse lung injury that has no proven effective treatment yet. It is thought that glucocorticoids may reduce inflammation-mediated lung injury, disease progression, and mortality. We aimed to evaluate our patient's characteristics and treatment outcomes who received corticosteroids for COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods We conducted a multicenter retrospective study and reviewed 517 patients admitted due to COVID-19 pneumonia who were hypoxemic and administered steroids regarding demographic, laboratory, and radiological characteristics, treatment response, and mortality-associated factors. Results Of our 517 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia who were hypoxemic and received corticosteroids, the mortality rate was 24.4% (n = 126). The evaluation of mortality-associated factors revealed that age, comorbidities, a CURB-65 score of >= 2, higher SOFA scores, presence of MAS, high doses of steroids, type of steroids, COVID-19 treatment, stay in the intensive care unit, high levels of d-dimer, CRP, ferritin, and troponin, and renal dysfunction were associated with mortality. Conclusion Due to high starting and average steroid doses are more associated with mortality, high-dose steroid administration should be avoided. We believe that knowing the factors associated with mortality in these cases is essential for close follow-up. The use of CURB-65 and SOFA scores can predict prognosis in COVID-19 pneumonia
Evaluation of Colistin Susceptibility Results in Multidrug-Resistant GramNegative Bacilli by Colistin Broth Disk Elution Method
No full textObjective: Determining colistin susceptibility according to the reference method is a significant problem for clinical microbiology laboratories. There is a need for a fast, easy-to-apply, and accurate method for laboratories with limited opportunities. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the applicability of the colistin broth disk elution (CBDE) test. Methods: A total of 193 Gram-negative bacteria, which were isolated from various clinical specimens in our laboratory, were included in the study. Colistin susceptibility was determined by broth microdilution as the reference method. The CBDE test was performed as previously described. For each bacterial isolate, 0, 1/2, 1, 2, and 4 colistin discs (10 mu g; BD) were added to 5 tubes containing cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth (MHB). The final colistin concentrations in the tubes were 0 (growth control), 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mu g/ml, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration values were determined by visual evaluation 16-20 hours after the bacterial inoculation. Results: In the Enterobacterales group, the categorical agreement was 94%, the major error was 5%, and the very major error was 0%. In the non-fermentative bacteria group, the categorical agreement was found to be 94%, the major error 1%, and the very major error 33%, respectively. Conclusion: The CBDE test is a good alternative to broth microdilution in routine microbiology laboratories for the Enterobacterales group since it provides easy-to-apply, cost-effective testing for colistin susceptibility and has a high categorical agreement compared to the reference microdilution method
Are Cesarean Section and Appendectomy in Pregnancy and Puerperium Interrelated? A Cohort Study
No full textIntroductionIt is not known whether appendectomy for acute appendicitis (AA) increases the Cesarean section (CS) rate and whether CS increases the likelihood of AA and appendectomy in the early puerperium. In this study, delivery type and delivery outcomes and appendectomy during pregnancy and puerperium were analyzed. MethodsThis cross-sectional retrospective study was performed on 11,513 women, delivered during 2015-2020. Inclusion criteria were patients undergoing appendectomy for AA during pregnancy and the first 6 weeks after delivery. Evaluating parameters were age, parity, gestational week at birth, delivery type, and babies' birth weight. ResultsThirty-two patients underwent appendectomy: 12 during pregnancy (2 in the first trimester, 6 in the second trimester, 4 in the third trimester) and 20 women during puerperium. 58.2% of pregnant women and 65% of puerperal women were submitted to CS. DiscussionHalf of the women who underwent appendectomy for AA during pregnancy may require urgent CS. The cause of acute abdomen in the postpartum period, especially in the first week, could be AA, especially in women delivered by CS
An Overview of the Hematological Picture with Antithyroid Therapy in Graves' Disease
No full textAim: Graves' disease is an autoimmune thyroid disease that is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. Peripheral blood cell parameters such as neutrophils, lymphocytes, and platelets play a role in inflammation control. Several studies have proven that neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio are indicators of chronic subclinical inflammation in various diseases. In our study, we aimed to review the peripheral blood picture by evaluating these parameters before and after antithyroid treatment in patients with Graves' disease.Patients and methods: A total of 120 patients (93 female, 27 male) between the ages of 18 -65 were included. Demographic data, hemogram and biochemical data of the patients were recorded retrospectively at the time of diagnosis and after euthyroidism was achieved with medical treatment. Results: During the treatment, there was an increase in hemoglobin, lymphocytes, neutrophils and red cell distribution width, while a decrease in monocytes was observed. There was no significant difference between white blood cell, platelet and mean platelet volume. In addition, while there was no statistically significant difference between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (p = 0.8) and thrombocyt-lymphocyte ratio (p = 0.078) after euthyroid state, a statistically significant difference was found in favor of a decrease in monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (p = 0.006).Conclusion: Changes in hematopoiesis are relatively common in patients with newly diagnosed Graves' disease, and initiation of antithyroid therapy leads to improvement in these parameters. Although neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio are accepted as new, non-invasive markers in clinical evaluation, in our study only a significant decrease in monocyte-lymphocyte ratio levels was observed after euthyroidism was achieved with antithyroid treatment
TOKAT’TA BULUNAN 14. YÜZYILA TARİHLENEN BAĞIMSIZ TÜRBELER ÜZERİNE MİMARİ BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
No full textTürkler’in Anadolu topraklarındaki hâkimiyeti sonrası Anadolu’da yaygınlaşan İslami anıt mezar geleneği ile çok sayıda türbe inşa edilmiştir. Türbeler, yaptıran kişinin ve/veya ailesinin genellikle gömülü olduğu küçük boyutlu ve kişiye özel yapılar olması sebebiyle, form, yapı malzemesi, yapım tekniği ve süsleme açısından çok çeşitlilik gösteren bir yapı tipi olmuştur. Bu çalışmada; inşa edildikleri dönemdeki olası kültürel etkilenmelerin türbe mimarisine yansımasını incelemek üzere, günümüzde Tokat şehir merkezinde bulunan bağımsız türbeler arasında inşası Tokat’ın İlhanlı hâkimiyetinde bulunduğu 14. yüzyıla tarihlenen Burgaç Hatun Türbesi, Erenler Türbesi ve Nurettin İbn-i Esentimur Türbesi ele alınmıştır. Nitel araştırma yönteminden yararlanılarak oluşturulan bu çalışmada, seçilen türbelerin mimari ve sanatsal açıdan özellikleri karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında literatür taraması yapılmış, Tokat Vakıflar Bölge Müdürlüğü’nden yapılarla ilgili belge, bilgi, çizim, fotoğraf ve raporlar temin edilmiş ve arazi çalışması yapılarak yapılar yerinde incelenmiş ve bugünkü durumları fotoğraflanarak kayıt altına alınmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Burgaç Hatun Türbesi, Anadolu’nun en erken altıgen türbelerinden biri olması ve Bizans mimarisinde yaygın olarak kullanılan taş-tuğla almaşık tekniği ve yonca biçimli süs çömleklerinin uygulanmış olması dolayısıyla diğer iki türbeden farklılaşmaktadır. Erenler Türbesi’nin ise baldaken tipi türbelerin ilk örneklerinden biri olarak Anadolu’da İslamiyet öncesi ve sonrası yapı örneklerinin İran ve Orta Asya’dan gelen mimari ve sanatsal etkilerle yorumlanmış bir örneği olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Tuğladan inşa edilmiş, yıldız planlı piramidal külahıyla dikkat çeken Nurettin İbn-i Esentimur Türbesi ise doğu cephesinde yer alan barok karakterli pencere süslemesi ile özelleşmektedir. Bu üç türbe birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, Bizans mimarisi ve sanatı etkisi, Anadolu Selçuklu geleneklerinin devam ettirildiği ve 13. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından sonra gerçekleşen Moğol baskısıyla Anadolu’ya gelmiş olan grupların sanatsal tesirleri altında kaldıkları görülmektedir