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Values education in distance education according to social studies teachers
No full text2019’da ortaya çıkarak insanların sağlığını ve hatta yaşam tarzını alt üst eden Covid 19 salgını, eğitim anlayışını da kökten değiştirmiştir. Bu sürecin başında hemen hemen tüm ülkelerde okullar geçici olarak tatil edilmiş fakat pandeminin etkisi artınca teknik altyapısı ve uyum sağlama kapasitesi yüksek olan ülkeler eğitimi tamamen uzaktan çevrimiçi hale getirmiştir. Türkiye de bu süreci en hızlı ve en başarılı yürüten ülkelerin başında gelmiştir. Öğretmen ve öğrencilerin bu süreçte internette geçirdiği vaktin birden ve büyük oranda artması, akademik kaygıların ötesinde değer anlamında da bir kaygının oluşmasına enden olmuştur. Zira internetin uçsuz bucaksız sınırsız dünyasında eğitimin verilmeye çalışılması süreci zorlaştırmıştır. Bu nedenle eğitimin tüm seviyelerde uzaktan yapıldığı bu süreçte, akademik amaçların ötesinde değer eğitiminin de aksatılmadan yürütülmesi önemlidir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmanın amacı, öğretmen görüşleri doğrultusunda uzaktan sosyal bilgiler eğitiminde, değerler eğitiminin yerini ve önemini tespit ederek bu konuda yaşanan problemlere çözümler üretebilmektir. Nitel yöntemlerden olgubilim deseninin kullanıldığı bu araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Tokat il genelinde görev yapan 28 sosyal bilgiler öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile toplanan veriler R tabanlı QDA programıyla betimsel analiz yapılarak çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre değer eğitiminde aile ve okulun çok önemli bir yeri olmakla birlikte, bu konuda yüz yüze eğitimin uzaktan eğitime kıyasla daha etkili olduğu görülmüştür.The Covid 19 epidemic, which emerged in 2019, radically changed the understanding of education. At the beginning of this process, schools were temporarily closed in almost all countries, but as the effect of the pandemic increased, many countries made education online completely remotely. Türkiye is one of the countries that carries out this process most successful way. In this process, where education is carried out remotely at all levels, it is important that values education be carried out uninterruptedly In this direction, the aim of the study is to determine the place and importance of values education in distance social studies education in line with the opinions of teachers and to produce solutions to the problems experienced in this regard. The study group of this research, in which the phenomenology pattern, which is one of the qualitative methods, is used, consists of 28 social studies teachers working throughout the province of Tokat. The data collected by the semi-structured interview form prepared by the researcher were analyzed with the R-based QDA program and descriptive analysis method. According to the results, although family and school have a very important place in values education, it has been seen that face-to-face education is more effective than distance education in this regard
School Refusal and Determinants: Parental Psychopathology, Family Functioning, Attachment and Temperament
No full textIn the current study investigated the psychopathologies of parents, family functioning, child temperament characteristics, and attachment of kindergarten and primary school-age children who were brought to the child and adolescent psychiatry outpatient clinic due to school refusal behavior. Fifty-two children with school refusal and 64 children without school refusal and their parents participated in the current study. School Refusal Assessment Scale, Systemic Family Functionality Scale(SFFS), Family Harmony Scale(FHS), Kerns Secure Attachment Scale(KSAS), Temperament Scale for Children(TSC), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales(DASS) for parents were used. It was determined that, compared to children without school refusal, the children with school refusal had lower KSAS score(mother)(p = 0.049), higher DASS-stress and anxiety(mother) scores(p = 0.014 and p = 0.020, respectively), lower TSC-Responsiveness/Reactivity subscale score (p = 0.005), lower SFFS-intrafamilial support and SFFS-intrafamilial connection scores (p = 0.002 and p < 0.001, respectively), and lower FHS-total score (p = 0.002). It was determined that school refusal was 11 times more common in children who had difficulty adjusting to school in previous years. Each point increase in the SFFS-intrafamilial connection score reduced school refusal by 30%. In the current study shows that among the interventions required for treatment, the family should also be targeted in addition to the child and adolescent. Therefore, it is essential to identify factors such as parents' psychopathology and their roles in the family, family functioning, and family harmony in school refusal. Because parents play a crucial role in both the development and maintenance of school refusal, using more parent-targeted strategies or techniques is necessary to improve interventions.The authors received no specific funding for this work.The authors have nothing to report
Education Informatics Network-Based Blended Learning in High School English as a Foreign Language Context
No full textThe primary purpose of the present study is to ascertain high school students' perceptions of the efficacy of blended learning in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classes based on the Education Informatics Network (EIN) which is used as a learning management system in Turkish K-12 schools. The sample of the study was composed of 122 EFL students studying at a state high school. The study was designed with a convergent research design, one of the mixed-methods research designs. Quantitative findings showed that students' general views on EIN-based blended learning were neutral, yet positive about face-to-face lessons. The obtained qualitative findings mostly converged with the quantitative data results, and they clarified that students had both positive and negative opinions about the impact of blended learning on the development of language skills, assessment, learner autonomy, and classroom atmosphere. Furthermore, interview findings indicated that students expected the EIN portal to be free of technical problems, easily accessible and to include more enjoyable and various activities for a better implementation of the EIN-based blended learning. Lastly, several suggestions for further research were put forward as well as some educational implications for teaching EFL in an EIN-based blended learning environment
Okul Öncesinde Değeler Eğitiminin Saldırganlığa Alternatif Becerileri Desteklemesi: Türkiye Yüzyılı Maarif Modeli Örneği
No full textIn recent years, the existence of unwanted behaviors such as aggression and peer bullying that we encounter in schools has been reduced to the preschool period. The easiest way to prevent these unwanted behaviors is to provide children with positive behaviors that can replace them. It is expected that educational programs will include the characteristics that the desired human model should have. The virtue-value-action model, which was added to the program in 2024 in order to reach a peaceful society, offers us the human characteristics that are socially needed. It is important how education policies follow a path in preventing aggression, which is one of our most serious social problems. For this reason, the aim of the study is to examine the virtue-value-action model in the preschool education program published in 2024 in terms of supporting alternative skills to aggression. For this purpose, the document analysis design, one of the qualitative research models, was used. In order to collect the data, the researcher scanned the literature and determined the themes consisting of alternative skills to aggression. Within the framework of the themes, the virtue-value and actions in the program were examined and reported separately using the content analysis method. As a result, it was determined that some values in the program supported alternative skills to aggression, while others did not. The results were evaluated in terms of educational processes and various suggestions were presented for educators.Son yıllarda okullarda karşımıza çıkan saldırganlık, akran zorbalığı gibi istenmeyen davranışların varlığı okul öncesi döneme kadar inmiştir. İstenmeyen bu davranışlara geçit vermemenin en kolay yolu onun yerine geçebilecek olumlu davranışın çocuklara kazandırılmasından geçmektedir. Eğitim programlarının yetiştirilmek istenilen insan modelinin sahip olması gereken özellikleri barındırması beklenmektedir. 2024 yılında programa huzurlu topluma ulaşmak maksadıyla eklenen erdem-değer-eylem modeli toplumsal olarak gereksinim duyulan insan özelliklerini bizlere sunmaktadır. Toplumsal olarak en ciddi sorunlarımızdan bir tanesi olan saldırganlığın önüne geçmede eğitim politikalarının nasıl bir yol izlediği önem arz etmektedir. Bu sebeple çalışmada 2024 yılında yayınlanan okul öncesi eğitim programındaki erdem-değer-eylem modelinin saldırganlığa alternatif becerileri desteklemesi açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla nitel araştırma modellerinden biri olan doküman analizi deseni kullanılmıştır. Verilerin toplanması için araştırmacı tarafından alan yazın taraması yapılarak saldırganlığa alternatif becerilerden oluşan temalar belirlenmiştir. Temalar çerçevesinde programda yer alan erdem-değer ve eylemler ayrı ayrı içerik analizi metodundan yararlanılarak incelenmiş ve raporlaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak programda yer alan bazı değerlerin saldırganlığa alternatif becerileri destekler nitelikte olduğu bazılarının ise destekler nitelikte olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar eğitim süreçleri açısından değerlendirilmiş ve eğitimciler için çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur
Dichlorination of olefins with trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) and tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBACl)
No full textHerein, a new metal-free, molecular chlorine-free, environmentally friendly, atom-economical, short time, inexpensive and simple operation method with mild reaction conditions for chlorination of alkenes, cyclic alkenes, alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, heteroaromatics, and natural products was reported with up to 96% yields using trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) as the electrophilic chlorine source and TBACl as the nucleophilic chlorine source. It was demonstrated with bicyclic alkene benzonorbornadiene that regioselective chlorobromination and dibromination reactions can be carried out through TCCA/TBABr redox reactions, where TCCA acts as an oxidant in the presence of TBABr. The structures of the redox products were confirmed as a result of control experiments conducted with the newly presented DBI/TBACl and DBI/TBABr halogenation pairs.Ataturk University, Faculty of Science, Department of ChemistryThe author would like to thank Ataturk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry for their support
Predicting Pc(4440) and Pc(4457) Spins with an Different Alternative Method Instead of Using the Breit-Wigner Approach
No full textAğır kuark simetrileri ağır hadronların anlaşılmasında önemli bir rol oynar. Eğer Pc(4440) ve Pc(4457) durumları gerçekten 〖D ̅^* Σ〗_c^ molekülü ise, ağır kuark spin simetri eşleri olarak sınıflandırılabilirler. Bu kabuller, deneysel olarak belirlenemeyen spin durumlarını açıklığa kavuşturulmasının yolunu açmaktadır. Pc(4440) ve Pc(4457) durumları detaylı çalışılmalarına rağmen spin durumları henüz belirlenememiştir. Breit-Wigner parametrizasyonu rezonansları elde etmekte geleneksel yöntem olmasına rağmen, eşik etkisini dikkate almadığından dolayı Pc(4312), Pc(4440) ve Pc(4457) gibi eşiğe yakın rezonanslar için uygun değildir. Bu eksikliği bertaraf etmek için yakın zamanda önerilen ve Sill adı verilen alternatif dağılım, spin durumlarını tahmin etmekte kullanılacaktır. Pc(4312), Pc(4440) ve Pc(4457) durumları için Sill değerlerinin kullanılması, Pc(4440) ve Pc(4457)' nin spin durumlarının belirlenmesinde yardımcı olabilir.The heavy quark symmetries play a necessary role in understanding heavy hadron states. If the Pc(4440) and Pc(4457) states are indeed 〖D ̅^* Σ〗_c^ molecules, they can be classified as heavy quark spin symmetry partners. These acceptances pave the way to clarify spin states that are not determined experimentally. Despite detailed studies on the Pc(4440) and Pc(4457) states, their spin states remain undetermined. While the Breit-Wigner parameterization is the conventional method for obtaining resonance parameters, it is unsuitable for near-threshold resonances such as the Pc(4312), Pc(4440), and Pc(4457) due to its failure to account for the threshold effect. To rectify this limitation, the recently proposed alternative distribution called the Sill is employed to predict their spin states. The use of the Sill values for the Pc(4312), Pc(4440), and Pc(4457) may assist in determining the spin states of the Pc(4440) and Pc(4457)
Irak Yakın Tarihine Kronolojik Bir Perspektif
No full textIraq has hosted many important civilizations throughout history. The fertile lands called Mesopotamia have been the center of great civilizations such as Sumer, Akkad, Babylon and Assyria. With the emergence and strengthening of Islam, the Arabs conquered the region in the 7th century and spread the Islamic culture and Arabic language in the region. During the Abbasid period, Baghdad became an important center of science, culture and trade. Iraq, which was a part of the Ottoman Empire until World War I, was invaded by Britain in 1918 and then came under British mandate and was governed by a monarchy. Iraq, which was completely separated from Turkey with the Ankara Agreement in 1926, was granted nominal independence in 1932. Iraq, which had been the scene of many successful and unsuccessful coup attempts for many years, ended the British-controlled monarchy with the military coup in 1958. The country has subsequently witnessed many political struggles. With the rise of the Baath regime in 1968 and especially Saddam Hussein in 1979, the country experienced long-lasting wars centered on Iraq, and almost the entire Middle East was affected by the difficulties experienced. The Saddam Hussein period, defined by many as a dictatorship, was followed by political instability, internal conflicts, sectarian tensions and terrorism that emerged with a vacuum of authority in the 2000s. It is possible to say that the effects of these events in Iraq's recent history are still felt today. This article attempts to shed chronological light on the political history of Iraq after World War I and to reach the causalities of political events. Previous academic studies on the subject, especially sources written in the Arab world, have been utilized.Irak, tarih boyunca birçok önemli medeniyete ev sahipliği yapmıştır. Mezopotamya olarak adlandırılan verimli arazileri Sümer, Akad, Babil ve Asur gibi büyük medeniyetlerin merkezi olmuştur. Araplar, İslam’ın ortaya çıkışı ve güçlenmesiyle VII. yüzyılda bölgeyi fethederek İslam kültürünü ve Arap dilini bölgede yaymışlardır. Abbâsîler döneminde Bağdat, önemli bir bilim, kültür ve ticaret merkezi vasfını kazanmıştır. Birinci Dünya Savaşına kadar Osmanlı Devleti’nin bir parçası olan Irak, 1918’de İngiltere tarafından işgal edilmiş, sonrasında İngiliz manda yönetimine girerek monarşiyle yönetilmiştir. 1926’daki Ankara anlaşmasıyla Türkiye’den tamamen ayrılan Irak’a 1932'de sözde bir bağımsızlık verilmiştir. Uzun yıllar başarılı başarısız birçok darbe girişimine sahne olan Irak’ta 1958'deki askeri darbeyle İngilizlerin güdümündeki monarşi bitmiştir. Ülke, sonrasında da birçok siyasi mücadeleye tanıklık etmiştir. 1968’de Baas rejimi ve özellikle 1979’da Saddam Hüseyin’in iktidara gelmesiyle ülke, Irak merkezli uzun süren savaşlara sahne olmuş, yaşanılan sıkıntılardan neredeyse bütün Orta Doğu etkilenmiştir. Birçokları tarafından diktatörlükle tanımlanan Saddam Hüseyin dönemini iki binli yıllarda siyasi istikrarsızlıklar, iç çatışmalar, mezhepsel gerilimler ve otorite boşluğuyla ortaya çıkan terörizm takip etmiştir. Irak yakın tarihinde yaşanan bu olayların etkilerinin günümüzde de hala hissedildiğini söylemek mümkündür. Bu makalede Birinci Dünya Savaşından sonraki Irak siyasi tarihine kronolojik olarak ışık tutularak siyasi olayların nedenselliklerine ulaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Daha önce konu ile ilgili yapılan akademik çalışmalardan, özellikle Arap dünyasında yazılan kaynaklardan faydalanılmıştır
Klimakterik Dönemdeki Kadınların Sağlık Okuryazarlığı ile Sağlık Algısı ve Kanser Tarama Tutumları Arasındaki İlişki
No full textPurpose: The climacteric period represents a period when women's health risks increase, including cancer. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between health literacy, health perception, and cancer screening attitudes of women in the climacteric period. Methods: The sample of this cross-sectional study consisted of 322 women aged between 45 and 65 years. Data were collected using the Short-Form Health Literacy Instrument, Attitude Scale for Cancer Screening, and Health Perception Scale. Independent Samples T-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and Linear regression analysis were used to analyze data. Results: The average age of the women was 49.14±5.33 years. The rate of women who had a cancer screening in the last five years was 30.4%. Of the women who had cancer screening, 46.2% had a pap smear, 46.9% had a mammography, and 6.9% had a colonoscopy. The health literacy average score was 29.35±9.75, the attitude for cancer screening average score was 92.94±15.80, and the health perception average score was 44.07±7.62. A low level of positive correlation was found between health literacy and attitudes toward cancer screening and health perception (pAmaç: Klimakterik dönem kanserler de dahil olmak üzere kadınların sağlık risklerinin arttığı bir dönemdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı klimakterik dönemdeki kadınların sağlık okuryazarlığı ile sağlık algıları ve kanser tarama tutumları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışmanın örneklemini 45-65 yaş aralığındaki 322 kadın oluşturmuştur. Veriler Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği-Kısa Form, Kanser Taramalarına Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği ve Sağlık Algısı Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde bağımsız örneklem t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi, Pearson korelasyon analizi ve doğrusal regresyon analizini kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Kadınların yaş ortalaması 49.14±5.33’tür. Son beş yılda kanser taraması yaptıran kadınların oranı %30,4'tür. Kanser taraması yaptıran kadınların %46,2'si pap smear, %46,9'u mamografi ve %6,9'u kolonoskopi yaptırmıştır. Kadınların sağlık okuryazarlığı puan ortalaması 29,35±9,75, kanser taramalarına yönelik tutum puan ortalaması 92,94±15,80 ve sağlık algısı puan ortalaması 44,07±7,62’dir. Sağlık okuryazarlığı ile kanser taramalarına yönelik tutum ve sağlık algısı arasında düşük düzeyde pozitif bir korelasyon saptanmıştır (
The relationship between temperament with nutritional status and anthropometric measurements in adult individuals
No full textInterest in studies examining the effect of temperament types on nutrition has recently increased. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between nine types of temperament, anthropometric measurements, and nutrition in adults. This study was conducted on 1317 individuals aged between 18 and 55 years. Descriptive information, dietary habits and anthropometric measurements of the participants were questioned. The Nine Types of Temperament Scale was administered to the individuals and food consumption records were obtained with a 24-hour retrospective reminder method. Type 2 scores of obese participants were higher than those of underweight and normal body weight; Type 8 scores of overweight participants were higher than those of normal body weight. Daily dietary intake of protein, riboflavin, folate, vitamins K, C, calcium, iron, and cholesterol were negatively associated with Type 1 score; protein, magnesium, iron, zinc intake, and water consumption were negatively associated with Type 2 score. Type 3 score was negatively associated with dietary CHO (%), dietary magnesium, iron, and zinc intake and positively associated with water consumption. The results of the study indicate significant relationships between temperament types, dietary habits, and anthropometric measures. In this context, considering temperament types when planning dietary patterns of individuals may be a new approach
Perception, adherence, family support, and acute complications in insulin therapy patients: A comparison between 1-year and 2–5-year treatment durations
No full textBackground: Compliance with treatment and family support are crucial for the successful management of diabetes. Non-compliance with treatment increases the risk of complications, mortality, emergency room visits, and hospitalizations, while decreasing the quality of life for individuals. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the difference between the adherence to treatment, perception of insulin treatment, and family support/conflict status of patients who recently started insulin treatment for 0–1 year (group 1) and patients whose treatment continued for 2–5 years (group 2). Methods: The data were obtained through the Introductory Form, the Patient Compliance Scale for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment (Type 2 DM), The Diabetes Family Support and Conflict in Type 2 Diabetes Scale, and Insulin Treatment Appraisal Scale. Results: There was no significant difference between adherence to treatment, perception of insulin treatment, and family support/conflict levels in group 1 and group 2. In group 1, an association was found between experiencing hypoglycemia and adherence to treatment, family conflict, and perception of insulin treatment. Conclusion: In order for patients to develop a positive perception of treatment and achieve adequate glycemic control, it is recommended to determine the perspectives and skills of the individual and their families in the process of starting insulin treatment, and to empower and support patients and their families in the treatment process. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Research Society for Study of Diabetes in India 2025