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Realising URRLC for Smart Energy Network Services
Get PDFThe growing introduction of DERs (Distributed Energy Resources) to the energy net-work translates to increased system stochasticity leading to the requirement of introduc-ing new Demand Response schemes with faster response times (low latency) and fast ancillary services, where flexible assets at the edge of the energy grid are used to support network stability. Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC) is one of the 6G enabling tech-nologies proposed to meet the URRLC. Facilitating automation in the edge plays an important role in ensuring the smooth delivery of time-critical applications such as smart energy network services. This can be realised by orchestrating tasks by taking into account computing and communication dynamics, supporting live migration of Virtual Network Functions to maintain QoS and preventing deadlocks. This talk will present the use of MEC to dynamically map sensory information processing tasks near the physical information source allowing the realization of distributed smart energy services, like distributed Fast Frequency Response to be implemented
Generative AI entails a credit-blame asymmetry
Get PDFGenerative AI programs can produce high-quality written and visual content that may be used for good or ill. We argue that a credit-blame asymmetry arises for assigning responsibility for these outputs and discuss urgent ethical and policy implications focused on large-scale language models
Understanding tertiary adrenal insufficiency.
Get PDFGlucocorticoids are used for a variety of conditions, but can have undesirable consequences if not managed correctly. Long term or high dose use of glucocorticoids can put the individual at risk of adrenal insufficiency, and more awareness is needed to aid adrenal recovery to ensure patient safet
MammoWave Breast Imaging Device: An International and Multicentric Clinical Investigation
No full textThis work presents the first multicentric, single
arm, prospective study to evaluate the ability of MammoWave,
a microwave imaging prototype, in breast lesions detection.
This study was the first breast microwave imaging study
during which both symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects
were recruited. MammoWave output consists of a selection of
microwave images’ features, determined prior to the beginning
of the trials, to quantify images’ non-homogenous behavior.
Our results on 382 breasts show a sensitivity of 82% using a
statistical significance of p<0.05, indicating MammoWave’s
ability in distinguishing breasts with and without radiological findings. This prospective clinical trial may pave the way for introducing microwave imaging into clinical practice, for assisting in identification of breast lesions in asymptomatic women of all ages, without safety limitations
Asymmetries, Uncertainty and Inflation: Evidence from Developed and Emerging Economies
Get PDFThis paper examines the asymmetric impact of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and oil price uncertainty (OPU) on inflation by using a Nonlinear ARDL (NARDL) model, which is compared to a benchmark linear ARDL one. Using monthly data from the 1990s until August 2022 for a number of developed and emerging countries, we find that the estimated effects of both EPU and OPU shocks are larger when allowing for asymmetries in the context of the NARDL framework. Further, EPU shocks, especially negative ones, have a stronger impact on inflation than OPU ones and capture some of the monetary policy uncertainty, thereby reducing the direct effect of interest rate changes on inflation. Since EPU shocks reflect, at least to some extent, monetary policy uncertainty, greater transparency and more timely communications from monetary authorities to the public would be helpful to anchor inflation expectations
Emotion Dysregulation in Patients with Eating Disorders: The Role of Metacognitions and Repetitive Negative Thinking
Get PDFBackground
Using the Self-Regulatory Executive Function model as a basis, this study explored whether, in patients with eating disorders (EDs), metacognitions and repetitive negative thinking are associated with higher levels of emotion dysregulation.
Methods
104 outpatients with eating disorders and 104 controls from the general population were recruited. Emotion dysregulation, metacognitions, rumination, worry, anxiety, and depression were assessed. T-tests, Mann–Whitney tests, correlation and hierarchal regression analyses were run.
Results
Patients with EDs, compared to controls, reported significantly higher levels of emotion dysregulation, positive beliefs worry, negative beliefs about thoughts concerning uncontrollability and danger, beliefs about the need to control thoughts, rumination, and worry. Beliefs about the need to control thoughts and worry significantly predicted emotion dysregulation.
Conclusions
Among patients with EDs emotion dysregulation appears to be associated with the endorsement of beliefs about the need to control thoughts and worry. Beliefs about the need to control thoughts and worry could be a suitable therapeutic target to reduce emotion dysregulation among patients with EDs
Performance optimization of supercritical CO2 gas heater in a biomass-CO2 power generation system
Get PDFA comprehensive Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation model was developed in the current research to simulate a shell-and-tube supercritical CO2 gas heater used in a biomass-CO2 power generation system. The model was based on the actual design of the heat exchanger and relevant operational parameters. The simulation model was validated using manufacturer operational data and empirical correlations before being utilized to evaluate the performance of the heat exchanger and its related system under various operating conditions and heat exchanger designs. The results of the simulation demonstrate that the heating capacity of the heat exchanger can be increased differently by increasing the flue gas temperature, flue gas mass flow rate, and CO2 mass flow rate. Furthermore, there is an optimal CO2 pressure ratio that can improve the system's thermal efficiency. Decreasing the distance between hot fluid pipe inlet and cold fluid outlet ports, as well as hot fluid pipe outlet and cold fluid inlet ports, can effectively enhance the heating capacity of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger (STHX) and its associated system. Based on the CFD simulation outcomes, recommendations for enhancing the heat exchanger designs and system controls have been identified
Effects of Size on Water Vapour Absorption and Regeneration in Lithium chloride nanocrystals
Get PDFIonic salts have received tremendous attention for applications such as electrolytes, solar energy, and desiccants. In particular, the high surface area of desiccant materials enhanced moisture absorption capacity, making it suitable for humidity control in various environments. However, lithium chloride (LiCl) salt properties remain largely unexplored in nanocrystalline form (at a high surface to volume ratio) due to difficulty preparing and stabilising nanoparticles, despite the high tide of expectations for energy applications. In the present investigation, for the first time, nanocrystalline LiCl was prepared by a top-down approach - successive cryomilling under an inert atmosphere. Systematic investigation shows nanocrystalline LiCl undergoes rapid dissolution in the presence of moisture. The experimental results were further corroborated with Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations using LAMMPS. The combined use of milling at room temperature (RT) and cryomilling resulted in a crystallite size of approximately 60nm. The nanocrystalline LiCl exhibited a water uptake capability eight times faster than that of the bulk LiCl crystal. The simulations revealed that smaller crystals are more reactive because they (i) readily deform in water and (ii) have a larger fraction of atoms with lower stability. The reasons behind the high reactivity of nanocrystalline LiCl, which has not been reported in the literature, have been discussed in detail
Anisotropic plasticity mechanisms in a newly synthesised High Entropy Alloy investigated using atomic simulations and nanoindentation experiments
Get PDFThis work used atomic simulations and nanoindentation experiments to investigate hardness, modulus alongside sub-surface crystal defects and dislocation mediated plasticity mechanisms leading to anisotropic pile up and local entropy variation in high entropy alloys. The experimental campaign began from Thermo-Calc phase prediction of Ni25Cu18.75Fe25Co25Al6.25 HEA which followed experimental synthesis of the material using arc melting method and experimental nanoindentation using a Berkovich indenter under load-controlled conditions. Through MD simulations, the value of h_f/h_max in monocrystalline HEA was consistently found to be larger than 0.7 which suggested pile-up behaviour to dominate and sink-in behaviour to be unlikely. In the case of (110) and polycrystalline HEA substrates, the elastic work in the indentation hysteresis loop was seen to be larger than the (100) and the (111) orientations which explains that the (110) orientation substrate showed least elastic modulus and hardness while the (111) monocrystalline HEA showed the highest elastic modulus and hardness. From the simulations, a “lasso” type loop on the (110) orientation and cross-over of shear loops on the other orientations accompanied by dislocations of type 1/6 (Shockley), 1/2 (perfect), 1/3 (Hirth), 1/6 (Stair rod) and 1/3 (Frank partials) were seen to manifest an early avalanche of competing plasticity events. The defects accompanying these dislocations in the sub-surface were identified to be FCC intrinsic stacking faults (ISF), adjacent intrinsic stacking faults (quad faults), coherent ∑3 twin boundary and a coherent twin boundary next to an intrinsic stacking fault (triple fault). The EBSD analysis applied to the MD data showed that the (210) orientation and the family of directions were seemed to be preferable to plastically deform the FCC phased Ni25Cu18.75Fe25Co25Al6.25 HEA
Book Review: How Big Things Get Done by Bent Flyvbjerg and Dan Gardner
Get PDFHow Big Things Get Done – The Surprising Factors Behind Every Successful Project, from Home Renovations to Space Exploration, by Bent Flyvbjerg and Dan Gardner, New York, Penguin Random House, 2023, 304 pp., £18.99 (hardback), ISBN: 9781035018932