8364 research outputs found
Sort by
Editorial: Employment sustainability and teaching/learning techniques in higher education institutions.
Get PDFThe intersection of education and employability takes center stage in our ever-evolving global landscape. This Research Topic delves into the intricate dance between higher education institutions (HEIs) and industry demands, aiming to unearth sustainable solutions to bridge the skills gap and prepare graduates for the complexities of the modern workforce.
The initial call for this Research Topic addressed the ongoing challenges faced by employers who seek competent adaptable employees. It pinpointed the perceived shortcomings of the education system, urging HEIs to align their curricula with the dynamic needs of industries. The emphasis on intercultural and interdisciplinary approaches was underscored, recognizing the importance of preparing graduates for a multicultural rapidly changing job market
Forest hardening and Hirth lock during grinding of copper evidenced by MD simulations
Get PDFThrough the use of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, grinding process of a single crystal copper with two scratch configurations (i) near spacing (NS) between adjacent scratches, and (ii) far spacing (FS) between adjacent scratches were simulated and compared to the control sample i.e., a single scratch (SS). FS configuration revealed the highest material removal, whereas NS configuration showed that the material removal is affected by various types of defects in the sub-surface which include FCC intrinsic stacking fault, a coherent twin boundary next to an intrinsic stacking fault and two adjacent intrinsic stacking faults. The formation of a Stair-rod 1/6 due to the reaction between two Shockley partial dislocations 1/6 was seen as a distinct feature of the NS configuration which forms the onset of hardening
E-Evidence in Ukrainian Criminal Justice: Exploring the Legal Realities and Theoretical Perspectives
Get PDFThis article examines an important aspect of Ukrainian criminal justice - the use of electronic evidence. The purpose of the study is to analyze the legal complexities associated with this topic, to determine the place of electronic evidence in the criminal justice system of Ukraine and its significance in the context of Ukraine's desire for European integration and overcoming the impact of the ongoing armed conflict.
The article highlights the complexities associated with the use of e-evidence and examines its role in the general context of procedural sources of evidence and its interaction with traditional forms of evidence. The article also highlights how electronic evidence affects criminal justice in the digital age and in the context of ongoing conflict. The article analyzes the concept of electronic evidence and its role in the modern digital society. It examines the interaction of electronic evidence with other types of evidence in the context of criminal justice, and also identifies the challenges that arise in connection with the collection, preservation and use of electronic evidence in court proceedings. The study focuses on the need to improve the legal framework governing the use of electronic evidence in Ukraine. The current legal framework lags behind modern standards, making it difficult to effectively prosecute and prosecute offenses in the digital age. To ensure accountability for past crimes and strengthen the rule of law, Ukraine must bring its legal system into line with modern approaches to the use of electronic evidence.
The author emphasizes the relevance of the issue and the need to introduce significant changes in the legislation to comply with modern approaches to electronic evidence. This is an important step to ensure accountability for past offenses and strengthen the rule of law in the post-conflict period in Ukraine
Cooling Effect of 3D Oscillating Heat Pipe with Nanofluid on Photovoltaic Panel in Hot Climates
Get PDFNowadays, there has been a growing trend toward using photovoltaic systems due to their high efficiency and cost-effectiveness; nevertheless, an inevitable side of solar panels is that their efficiency and life span experience a reduction when they are exposed to high intensity of solar irradiance and warm-up. In other words, when they are cooled, the electrical efficiency is promoted. Using oscillating heat pipes is a creative and practical approach to enhance PV efficiency. Furthermore, applying nanofluid as a working fluid can play an important role in maximizing panel productivity. The main objective of this investigation is to
explore the cooling effect of a three-dimensional oscillating heat pipe on a photovoltaic panel, while graphene oxide nanofluid and distilled water are used as coolants. For this purpose, a novel three-dimensional oscillating heat pipe has been designed. The significant result from the study is that the cooling system was able to lower the temperature and improve the power output of the PV by 8.6 °C and 2.78 (W), respectively, in the warmest time of the day, when graphene oxide nanofluid was used as a coolant
Cutting edge preparation of microdrills by shear thickening polishing for improved hole quality in electronic PCBs
Get PDFPrinted circuit boards are representative composite material and it’s high-quality drilling machining has remained a persistent challenge in the industry. The finishing of the cutting-edge of a microdrill is crucial to its performance in machining fine quality of holes with a prolonged tool life. The miniature size involving sub-micron scale geometric dimensions, complex flute shape, and low fracture toughness makes the cutting-edge of micro-drill susceptible to breakage. Until now this has been the primary limiting factor in edge preparation for microdrills. In this paper, a newly developed cutting-edge preparation method for microdrills was tested experimentally on electronic PCBs. The proposed method namely, shear thickening polishing (STP) showed a limitation on cutting-edge burrs and tool wear, beside showing 20% enhancement in hole position accuracy, 33% reduction in nail head, and 19% reduction in hole wall roughness compared to the original micro-drill. There is however a threshold as otherwise, excessive STP results in a blunt edge, which may accelerate the wear of microdrill and have negative impact on hole quality. This study provides a new approach for high-quality manufacturing of composite PCBs materials
Application of CO2 -induced carbonate minerals for soil treatment
No full textThis research used carbonate minerals generated through the capture of CO2 as an eco-friendly binder to enhance engineering properties of soils. The carbonate binders were formed by combining free carbonate ions (CO32-) obtained from CO2 capture and Fe2+ (from FeCl2) and Ca2+ (from CaCl2), which produced CaFeCO3 and FeCO3 carbonate minerals. These minerals were employed to enhance the engineering characteristics of a granular soil and were detected by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis in the treated soil specimens. Results of uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) tests conducted under dry conditions showed that soil specimens treated with CaFeCO3 exhibited a higher strength compared to those treated with FeCO3. Generally, both types of carbonate minerals appear to have led to cementation of the treated specimens, responsible for the observed strength gain
Deep Learning Stack LSTM Based MPPT Control of Dual Stage 100 kWp Grid-Tied Solar PV System
Get PDFRising global energy demand, predominantly satisfied by fossil fuels, triggers fuel price surges, fuel scarcity, and substantial greenhouse gas emissions. Solar photovoltaics (PV), as an abundant renewable alternative, can potentially address this demand, yet low cell efficiency (15-25%) and fluctuating output power due to intermittent irradiance (G) and temperature (T) impedes grid integration. This paper presents a novel Deep Learning (DL) based stacked LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) MPPT controller to maximize power harvesting from a 100 kW grid-tied solar PV system, demonstrating superiority over conventional Perturb & Observe (P&O) and Feed Forward-Deep Neural Network (FF-DNN) MPPT approaches. Subsequently, a Neutral-Point-Clamped (NPC) 3-level inverter with proportional-integral (PI) controllers regulates the DC link voltage and transfers the extracted PV power to the grid. The proposed MPPT methodology includes collection of one million-sample (G, V, Vmp) datasets; preprocessing via z-score normalization; visualizing distributions through histograms and correlation matrix plots; an 80/20 split rule-based training and test sets; a two-hidden layer stacked LSTM (64 and 32 neurons) architecture; hyperparameters including the Adam optimizer, 0.05 learning rate, 32 batch size, and 50 epochs. Model efficacy quantification uses MSE, RMSE, MAE, loss, and R2 metrics. For 100 kW generated PV power, the stacked LSTM extracts 98.2 kW, versus 96.1 kW and 94.3 kW for the DNN and P&O MPPTs respectively. By integrating the optimized proposed stack LSTM MPPT with a streamlined inverter topology, the proposed approach advances the state-of-the-art in DL based solar PV energy harvesting optimization and grid integration
Change in vaping, smoking and dual use identities predicts quit success and cigarette usage: A prospective study of people quitting smoking with electronic cigarette support
Get PDFOBJECTIVE: Electronic cigarettes (ECs) are an efficacious support for some but not all people wishing to stop using tobacco. While advice and practical support have been identified as increasing quit success, little research has explored the role of changes in smoking and EC-related social identities.
METHODS: A prospective study following 573 people attempting to quit smoking with EC support. Self-report measures of identification with being a smoker, non-smoker, vaper, and dual user (people using ECs and tobacco products) were taken prior to the quit attempt and at a 12-week follow-up.
RESULTS: Baseline identifications with being a smoker, non-smoker or dual user were not associated with smoking outcomes. Baseline vaper identity baseline was linked to more frequent tobacco abstinence at follow-up and lower levels of cigarette smoking. Levels of social identification at follow-up were consistently linked with outcomes, with vaper identity and non-smoking identities being protective, and dual user identity being related to lower abstinence rates but decreased tobacco usage. Changes in identity over time were the most consistent predictor of outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings have implications for smoking cessation practice, informing how and when identity-based interventions may be effective and our understanding of how identity transitions occur
Evaluating Doppel’s impact on Anxiety and Focus amongst adults with ADHD
Get PDFAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric disorder in children. Amongst adults, it is often underdiagnosed and associated with comorbidities including anxiety. This study presents a trial evaluating the efficacy of Doppel, a wrist-worn wearable that provides vibrations linked to one’s heart rate to improve symptoms of anxiety and poor focus amongst young adults with ADHD. Young adults (aged 18–25) used either an active or comparator Doppel for 8 weeks, completing measures of anxiety and focus at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. Participants in both groups experienced a reduction in anxiety and an increase in focus across the trial duration. No superiority for vibrations linked to one’s heart rate was found. Whilst the current study cannot determine a specific mechanism of action, the findings provide some promising initial evidence as to the potential for direct-to-consumer digital health products to be useful in symptom management amongst young adults with ADHD
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Get PDFCAH is the commonest form of adrenal insufficiency with an incidence of approximately 1 in 15,000. The basic defects are genetic defects in the function of several different enzymes, leading to deficient cortisol synthesis and secretion and an over-reaction of excess ACTH which stimulates the production of steroid precursors leading to excess as androgens. Androgen excess can lead to genital virilization and bone age advance. The commonest form is 21-hydroxylase deficiency. The basic challenge is to address the cortisol deficiency with glucocorticoid replacement which will lower ACTH and androgens, without causing cortisol toxicity. This a major clinical challenge