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Nutrition for night workers: a new survey has uncovered key insights into understanding nutrition access for healthcare workers at night
No full textThis is a magazine article published in 'Dietetics Today
Changing landscape of fake news research on social media: a bibliometric analysis
No full textToday, social networks represent an indispensable means of communicating and disseminating customer-focused information in various fields, including news, advertising, and public relations. Social media’s ease of access and ability to spread quickly allows it to attract a large audience while promoting misinformation, including “fake news,” whether intentional or not. Misinformation on social media is increasing, and violent societies, individuals, organizations, and even states are growing. This study aims to identify the shifting paradigm of fake news research on social media through bibliometric analysis. The authors quantitatively examined the selected articles through co-citation and bibliographic
linkage analysis from Scopus and WOS. The authors quantitatively evaluated the selected papers using co-citation and bibliographic linkage analysis. Building on the results of the bibliometric studies, the researchers developed an analysis of the evolution of social media-related research on fake news to highlight the issues and progress made by researchers in the fight against this phenomenon by presenting the key and emerging actions of its concealment, especially on social networks. This study also discusses the weak surveillance approach and its use to detect fake news with limited labeled data. Finally, we address essential proposed solutions in the field of fake news
The depth structure of a good birth: reconfiguring the environment in a high-risk labour ward birth and creating sanctuary behind a screen
Full text linkThis article explores how the spatial, relational, and sensory conditions within an obstetric-led hospital birth room were subtly reconfigured to support a safe, satisfying birth, even though the birth in question was considered high risk. Drawing on autoethnographic reflections and interviews with caregivers from the author's own birth at the National Health Service Royal London Hospital, the paper examines the transformation of a standard labour ward room through a low-tech intervention: the erection of a cloth screen brought from home. This simple act created a distinct spatial zone in which institutional norms were less prevalent, fostering privacy, autonomy, and integrative care practices that protected physiological labour and enhanced maternal agency. The article situates this personal narrative within broader theoretical frameworks of birth territory, sociospatial theory, environmental psychology, and institutional power, arguing that space and care interact in complex ways to shape birth experiences. It contributes to calls for more humanised, woman-centred approaches to birth architecture and practice, particularly in highly techno-rational and medicalised settings, and proposes that even small acts of spatial resistance have the potential to generate meaningful shifts in care culture
Measuring bioelectric impedance outputs following coffee consumption in healthy adults using an 8-electrode segmental BIA device
Full text linkIntroduction:
Bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) is increasingly used to measure body composition in athletic, clinical and research settings. The reliability of BIA measurements relies on following procedures carefully. However, some practices for ensuring reliable measures may be unnecessarily restrictive. Previous research using BIA outputs as study outcome measures, has required participants to avoid coffee and caffeine-containing foods and beverages prior to measurements. The aim of this study was to determine whether BIA outputs are affected by coffee consumption at different caffeine concentrations.
Methods:
This study used a blinded, randomized, cross-over trial design. Participants (n = 13) received one of three treatments per visit: 200 mL hot water (80°C) mixed with 5 g instant coffee, 2.5 g instant coffee with 2.5 g decaffeinated coffee, or 5 g decaffeinated instant coffee. Body composition and fluid parameters were measured over 50 minutes using a Seca mBCA 515 device.
Results :
The treatment predictor (p > 0.05) and sex-time-treatment interaction for all outcomes was found to be non-significant (p > 0.05). The time predictor was statistically significant (p 0.01).
Conclusion:
Changes in impedance, resistance and reactance were detected over the course of the experiment, and these changes were greater than could be explained by the technical error of measurement. However, the amount of caffeine in coffee did not affect BIA outputs. Effect sizes were small, suggesting little practical significance of drinking coffee before taking BIA measurements. Therefore, coaches, athletes, researchers and clinicians may be able to obtain reliable BIA measurements even when coffee has been consumed up to 50 minutes prior to measurements, however, fluid consumption and being adequately hydrated should still be considered
Reductions and degenerate limits of Yang–Baxter maps with 3 × 3 Lax matrices
Full text linkAbstract
We generalise a family of quadrirational parametric Yang–Baxter (YB) maps with 3 × 3 Lax matrices by introducing additional essential parameters. These maps preserve a prescribed Poisson structure which originates from the Sklyanin bracket. We investigate various low-dimensional reductions of this family, as well as degenerate limits with respect to the parameters that were introduced. As a result, we derive several birational YB maps, and we discuss some of their integrability properties. This work is part of a more general classification of YB maps admitting a strong 3 × 3 Lax matrix with a linear dependence on the spectral parameter
Disasters and exchange rates
Full text linkThis paper investigates the impact of disasters on exchange rates and discusses risks to public debt sustainability and ways of mitigating these. The paper documents heterogeneous effects of disasters across country groups, with lesser developed economies being affected the worst in terms of capital outflows and exchange depreciation. Notably, International Development Association (IDA) eligible borrowers see portfolio and other investment outflows and a decline in their exchange rate after large disasters. A depreciation of the exchange rate implies higher import costs, rising inflation and higher debt service costs in cases where debt is denominated in foreign currency. Since climate change is expected to increase both the frequency and intensity of disasters, our analysis indicates that poor countries are going to face heightened exchange rate risk in the future. This not only heightens the imperative of investing in adaptation and resilience to reduce the vulnerability to disasters. It also reinforces the importance of reducing the dependency on foreign currency financing and the need of hedging exchange rate risk in public debt management
Motivations for investing in flood risk environments: an agreement analysis between property investors and estate agents
Full text linkLanded property often exhibits scarcity and strong demand, especially in the most sought-after places. Therefore, real estate investors may be attracted to locations such as flood-risk areas
that may pose a substantial threat to human life and property. Furthermore, some environments may not have experienced floods in the past but are nonetheless susceptible to future occurrences.
Flood occurrences are progressively more frequent because of several natural and anthropogenic factors, including urban sprawl. Nevertheless, construction projects and real estate investments in
flood-prone areas persist globally. The objective of this study is to examine and comprehend the process by which perceptions of flood risk are shaped and how they, together with other variables, might impact investment choices in Lagos, Nigeria. The selection of the study locations (Ibeju-Lekki and Ikorodu) was based on their well-documented flood risk features, the hydrological estimates made by the Nigerian meteorological agency, and their high population density.
An inquiry was conducted by administering questionnaires to property investors and estate agents within the study location. The findings highlight a clear stratification of motivations for real estate investment in flood-risk areas, with some factors emerging as the most significant drivers of decision-making. Results also suggest that investors place high importance on key considerations, potentially related to economic incentives or market opportunities, while other factors are perceived as less critical or more subjective. Understanding these motivations can help policymakers and real estate professionals better address concerns and develop strategies that balance risk and reward in these challenging environments
AI surveillance in education: unpacking ethical dilemmas and the snake-oil promises of AI-infused technosolutionism
No full textThis chapter examines the ethical implications of the increasing integration of AI surveillance technologies within educational settings, including proctoring software, classroom monitoring tools, and behavioral analytics. The swarm approach employed reflects diverse perspectives on this complex issue. It unpacks how AI surveillance reduces multifaceted students and faculty to data points, disproportionately targeting marginalized learners and misreading neurodivergent behaviors. The chapter critiques the snake's oil sales pitch of AI-infused technosolutionist discourse and foregrounds concerns regarding the erosion of student and lecturer autonomy, the alteration of student-lecturer relationships and the erosion of trust, the normalization of surveillance, and the amplification of existing inequalities and biases through algorithmic processes. The chapter concludes by emphasizing the need for educators to foster a learning environment that amplifies human potential
The industrialized designer: gender, identity and professionalisation in Britain and the United States, 1930-80
No full textThis is a book review of: The industrialized designer: gender, identity and professionalisation in Britain and the United States, 1930-80 / by Leah Armstrong, (Manchester University Press, 2024).
In his talk at the 1971 Design Research Society Conference on the topic of design participation, Reyner Banham declared that "a professional is a problem-oriented man".
He went on to explain that the expertise through which professions were defined relied on the definitions of problems, meaning that professionals had a vested interest in maintaining those problems. Banham cast designers as problem makers rather than problem solvers. Leah Armstrong’s book opens with a related quote from Ivan Illich, who in 1977 declared that the age when people had problems and experts had solutions was over and the "illusion of professional omniscience and omnipotence" (page 1) was being called into question. The 1970s was the decade of the 'crisis of professionalism', captured in Banham and Illich’s polemics. Armstrong’s insightful book, structured over six thematic and broadly chronological chapters, traces how the design profession arrived at this moment of crisis. It asks how the ideas and practices of professionalisation in design were defined and disseminated in Britain and the United States throughout the middle decades of the twentieth century and why, ultimately, they were doomed to failure. This critical history, unpicks - through detailed archival research in professional organisations and private collections and oral histories - how the profession of designer came to be characterised and, crucially, gendered. There are also important reflections on how the legacy of this twentieth-century professionalisation continues to shape discourses in design and the role of the designer today
Entrepreneurial barriers in achieving sustainable business and cultivation of innovation: a resource-based view theory perspective
Full text linkPurpose: The study highlights the barriers faced by the entrepreneurs toward achieving sustainability in business and innovation cultivation by offering solutions for academicians, practitioners, and policymakers. The study uses the resource-based view (RBV) theory to discuss how an organisation’s resources and capabilities influence the competitive ambience and barriers faced by entrepreneurs.
Design/methodology/approach: The present research uses grey-causal modelling (GSC) to analyse the barriers against successful entrepreneurship.
Findings: The research focuses on the usefulness of dynamic capabilities, managing, and cooperating resources in the entrepreneurship setting. The paper highlights the importance of resource gathering and nurturing as a method to combat scarcity. This research further identifies that financial limitations, regulatory obstacles, challenges to sourcing qualified labor, poor infrastructure and technology, limited mentorship opportunities, lack of scalability, low initial cost barriers in product development, and risk-averse attitudes are the major factors hindering entrepreneurs from obtaining sustainable business and innovation.
Originality: The contribution of this research to the literature is that it assesses RBV theory within the realm of entrepreneurship, providing a different perspective on resources and capabilities as well as the challenges faced by entrepreneurs. The systematic approach to the analysis and prioritization of various barriers is innovative, and it adds knowledge in this area