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Analyzing Naval Special Warfare's Role in the Kill Chain
Full text linkNPS NRP Executive SummaryThis work provides analysis to inform future force design for Naval Special Warfare with reference to changes in mission sets and potential capabilities. More specifically, the work considers the challenge of how Naval Special Warfare may leverage unmanned and increasingly autonomous systems to play a role in the kill chain. The methods used range from design challenges for integrating new technologies, qualitative analysis of organizational and bureaucratic challenges, as well as formal system dynamics modeling to weigh the comparative statics of various investments and configurations of forces and technologies. We find that the challenges surrounding these topics extend broadly and need to be viewed with a wider aperture to enable effective future force design.Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.This research is supported by funding from the Naval Postgraduate School, Naval Research Program (PE0605853N/2098). https://nps.edu/nrpChief of Naval Operations (CNO)N8 - Integration of Capabilities & Resource
Leveraging AI to Learn, Optimize, and Wargame Strategic Laydown and Dispersal of USN Operating Forces (Continuation)
No full textThe SECNAV, based on recommendations from the CNO, disperses units of the Navy’s operating forces to locations in a deliberate manner that directly supports Department of Defense (DoD) guidance and policy. The current strategic, laydown, and dispersal (SLD) process is a manual, labor-intensive process and does not easily evaluate competing, alternative plans. The advanced artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML) tools are studied to digitize, standardize, and automate many components of the current SLD process. In this continuous Phase III project, the NPS team continued, developed, and designed a research prototype with the integrated databases and AI/ML tools in the Naval Postgraduate School NIPRnet environment or the online secret-level research prototype (OSRP). Our achievements also include implementation of an AI Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) pipeline that integrates structured data recommendations with unstructured data with large language models (LLMs) for interpretation and justification of SLD decision making. The resulting OSRP can be used continuously not only as a platform and repository to accumulate and analyze historical SLD human decision data, documents, and knowledge, but perhaps most importantly, provide recommendations for future SLD decisions.Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.This research is supported by funding from the Naval Postgraduate School, Naval Research Program (PE0605853N/2098). https://nps.edu/nrpChief of Naval Operations (CNO)OPNAV N52Naval Research Progra
Validation of Power Generation Prototypes in the Arctic Environment
Full text linkThe Arctic environment is changing and has become significantly different from what was studied in the 1970’s and 1980’s. These changing environmental conditions in the Arctic create new complexities for Antisubmarine Warfare (ASW), calling for a change in tactics and demanding new sensing capabilities. Sensing technologies in the Arctic will require rugged, persistent, autonomous power supplies with minimal environmental footprint. Proposed here is an analysis and validation of several technologies which could provide the necessary power for future sensing systems. The realm of possible solutions includes independent and hybrid systems, such as established technologies like solar panels and small wind turbines, and new technological prototypes like Seatrec's STTR-funded energy-harvesting power generator that uses phase change materials. This generator uses the temperature difference between the seawater (at -1.6oC) and the Arctic air (at -25oC) to drive a cold-weather version of a heat pump. The PIs have an established, ongoing relationship with the Arctic Submarine Laboratory and are regularly invited ICEX participants. Data collected on lake ice and/or on sea ice is assessed for performance and recommendations are made. This work seeks to lay the foundation for persistent, cold-weather power generation to meet future Arctic challenges with game-changing, operational Arctic capabilities.Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.This research is supported by funding from the Naval Postgraduate School, Naval Research Program (PE0605853N/2098). https://nps.edu/nrpChief of Naval Operations (CNO)Naval Research Program; Undersea Warfare Development Cente
Multimodal Procedural Guidance Content Creation and Conversion Methods and Systems
Full text linkThis disclosure and exemplary embodiments described herein provide methods and systems for multimodal procedural guidance content creation and conversion, however, it is to be understood that the scope of this disclosure is not limited to such application. One of the implementations described herein is related to the generation of content/ instruction set that can be viewed in different modalities, including but not limited to mixed reality, VR, and audio text, however it is to be understood that the scope of this disclosure is not limited to such application
Class VIII Push Packs Resupply
Full text linkWith the high expected casualty streams in contested environments, line by line resupply or replenishment based on the low Periodic Automatic Replenishment (PAR) level would not be practical due to the tyranny of distance. In the current resupply process, medical materials are ordered once the PAR level is reached, meaning the point at which inventory is restocked. In this case, medical materials would not be available when needed due to multiple factors, including the ship's location within the battlespace. Using data from past Distributed Maritime Operations (DMO) wargames and the Joint Medical Planning Tool (JMPT), simulation will be conducted through a table top exercise (TTX) to see how artificial intelligence (AI) using the Monterey Phoenix tool can be used to forecast optimal medical supply requirements, what the most useful push packs per clinical category are, and how push packs can best be deployed. The findings from this research will allow forward deployed units to immediately improve their line of replenishment.Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.This research is supported by funding from the Naval Postgraduate School, Naval Research Program (PE0605853N/2098). https://nps.edu/nrpChief of Naval Operations (CNO)OPNAV N4L4, and NRP, Naval Postgraduate Schoo
Center for Executive Education
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Multi-Parameter Analysis of an Airship for ASW Defense of the US
No full textNPS NRP Executive SummaryThere is a near-term need for reducing the demands placed upon maritime operational aircraft. This report analyzes the potential for a commercial-off-the-shelf hybrid aircraft to either replace or augment operational aircraft in primary and secondary mission roles, such as anti-submarine warfare. Additionally, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance mission sets, search and rescue mission sets, humanitarian aid/disaster relief mission sets, drone mothership mission sets, and others are investigated. While commercial hybrid aircraft may not be a direct replacement for operational aircraft in many roles, there are several roles in the fleet where hybrid aircraft may be useful in augmenting the fleet to reduce secondary operational tasking. Further, the commercial hybrid aircraft may be useful in other roles that the operational aircraft currently does not perform. Modifications to the commercial hybrid aircraft may allow for expanded capabilities.Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.This research is supported by funding from the Naval Postgraduate School, Naval Research Program (PE0605853N/2098). https://nps.edu/nrpChief of Naval Operations (CNO)U.S. Fleet Forces Command (USFLTFORCOM
Enabling Long-Range Geo-Positioning and ACOMMS in the Arctic and Pacific Ocean
No full textNPS NRP Executive SummaryPosition, navigation, and timing (PNT) messages to slow-moving, single acoustic receivers over basin-scale distances order 2,000 nmi are reported to provide a baseline for a telemetry protocol. At a 75 Hz center-frequency, the lengthy coherence time allows for successive and long-duration symbol transmissions. Analysis of 2,700 spread code m-sequence transmissions from Kauai to receivers near Wake Island over a 1.5-year duration predicts a channel capacity of 9 bits/(min Hz). Exploiting waveform shift orthogonality properties, a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) telemetry implementation is discussed, and performance is estimated from 10,800 observed symbols. A basin-scale navigational message with a nominal 8 bits/min gross bitrate and order 10 % symbol error is shown over all seasons. This transmission system can safely tolerate a dictionary size of 48 orthogonal shift positions (6 bits) all year long. A way to improve reliability is to update the estimate of the channel impulse response via channel probe / preamble that is used as the matched filter to recover the symbol. After decoding each symbol, the system can assimilate received m-sequences into the preamble - this approach will capture channel evolution and thus increase performance to estimate later messages. In doing so, we expect the probability of symbol error to decrease and would safely allow a 128 (7 bit) symbol dictionary to before a gross bitrate of 7 bit/min. Although the frame size is severely limited in number of bits, a checksum to increase confidence of correct symbol identification is still feasible and would enhance PNT reliability.Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.This research is supported by funding from the Naval Postgraduate School, Naval Research Program (PE0605853N/2098). https://nps.edu/nrpChief of Naval Operations (CNO)N2/N6 - Information Warfar