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Antecedents and Outcomes of Big Data Adoption in Supply Chain
Get PDFThis paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the big data–performance relationship based on the existing empirical evidence. Using a meta-analysis approach, big data adoption (BDA) related 446 effect sizes reported in 133 prior empirical studies were gathered from 118848 informants in more than 30 countries. Results confirm ten significant antecedents and eight outcomes of BDA based on identified literature. We further estimate the heterogeneity based on subgroup analysis by considering two types of moderators as (a)economic regions (developed vs developing), and (b) type of industry. We find that organizations in developed countries adopt big data largely due to environmental and organizational factors. Further, developed countries can harness the potential of big data for better performance (e.g., supply chain integration, collaboration, customer relationship management, and innovation). This study provides multifaceted insights for practitioners and academia alike regarding the use of big dat
Hazel Kyrk\u27s A Theory of Consumption, Veblen\u27s Business and Industrial Concerns, and W.C. Mitchell\u27s Essays on Spending and Money: Conceptual Links
No full textThis chapter discusses conceptual links among Hazel Kyrk’s A Theory of Consumption (1923), the overall work of Thorstein Veblen, and Wesley C. Mitchell’s essays on spending and money. The three authors are concerned with transformations in production, related changes in the organization of consumption, and the effects on people. The approach is based on reading of Kyrk’s book in light of an integrated view of Veblen’s overall work. This chapter explains how Mitchell’s essays on money and spending built on Veblen’s work and discusses their relevance for understanding Kyrk’s book as conceptually linked to institutional economics. This chapter delineates the following commonalities: conception of living humans and money as an institution; distinction between business and industrial concerns; connection between distribution, waste, and consumption; and Veblen’s “machine process” of standardization in production and its relation to consumption. This chapter brings more detail in the conceptual and theoretical discussion of Veblen’s influence on Kyrk’s book
Towards Computational Assessment of Iron Deficiency
No full textIron deficiency remains a critical health issue worldwide, affecting millions and posing significant challenges in diagnosis and management. Traditional methods for assessing iron deficiency often rely on labor-intensive laboratory tests and clinical evaluation, which can be costly, time-consuming, and sometimes inconclusive. In response to these challenges, this study endeavors to advance computational approaches to enhance the accuracy, efficiency, and accessibility of iron deficiency assessment. The objective of the study is to present a novel machine learning model for computational assessment iron deficiency. By leveraging diverse datasets obtained from different regions in Ghana, we develop robust computational approaches capable of predicting iron deficiency status with high precision. Computational approaches including the novel method are compared on the bases of standard metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and area under receiver operating characteristic curve. While existing computational methods performed well on iron deficiency assessment tasks, the new method was the better performer in all experiments. The findings from this investigation not only contribute to the field of digital health but also hold promise in improving early detection and personalized management of iron deficiency disorders, thereby potentially mitigating associated health risks on a broader scale
Grounding From an AI and Cognitive Science Lens
No full textGrounding is a challenging problem, requiring a formal definition and different levels of abstraction. This article explores grounding from both cognitive science and machine learning perspectives. It identifies the subtleties of grounding, its significance for collaborative agents, and similarities and differences in grounding approaches in both communities. The article examines the potential of neuro-symbolic approaches tailored for grounding tasks, showcasing how they can more comprehensively address grounding. Finally, we discuss areas for further exploration and development in grounding
Three-Dimensionalization Mediates the Subjective Experience of Fractal Interior Spaces
Get PDFA fractal, a self-similar organic or geometric pattern that repeats at varying scales, is one of the most compelling characteristics found in nature. Previous studies on fractal patterns have demonstrated consistent trends in potential psychological benefits, such as stress reduction. However, we fall short of understanding one of the essential properties of fractals found in nature, i.e., the three-dimensionality of their appearance. In this study, we aimed at understanding the role of the three-dimensionalization of fractal patterns in spatial structures on human subjective perceptual experience. Two hundred seventy three-dimensional spatial prototype models were created for this study, spanning two dimensions: (1) the application of spatial depth (shallow; medium; deep) and (2) fractal complexity (low; medium; high). The participants rated each space on six psychological dimensions (bad–good; stressful–relaxing; ugly–beautiful; boring–interesting; leave–enter; ignore–explore). Significant effects of the application depth of fractals were observed primarily for “boring-interesting”, “ignore-explore”, and “leave-enter” dimensions and were primarily manifested within spaces with medium and high D-values. The results suggest that spatial depth plays a significant role in individuals’ experiences of fractal spaces, arguably by making the space more engaging and interesting
Opening Remarks
Get PDFDr. Volker Bahn welcomes everyone to the 2024 Runkle Woods Symposium. This year\u27s symposium is held in collaboration with the REACH Native American Heritage Festival. The event began with a land acknowledgement written by Shane Creepingbear in collaboration with Chief Ben Barns and other, recognizing the Indigenouse peoples whose lands we occupy and emphasizing our reponsbility to protect and restore the natrual word
Place, Space, and Shifting Views of Nature
Get PDFIn her reflective presentation, Rachel Tracy explores her evolving relationship with nature and wilderness. Initially disinterested and uncomfortable in natural settings, she describes how her perspective shifted through class discussions, personal reflection, and immersive experiences in the outdoors. Concepts such as “space versus place” helped her understand the emotional and historical significance of natural environments. Through this journey, she discovered joy in simply being present in nature, ultimately gaining a deeper appreciation for the natural world and its ability to exist and thrive without human involvement
The Organophosphate Malathion Underlies Locomotor Performance Changes and Motoneuron Morphological Alterations in Sprague Dawley Rats
Get PDFOrganophosphates are known neurotoxicants; however, they remain in use as flame retardants and are heavily used as pesticides. Malathion is an organophosphate insecticide commonly used in the United States since 1956. Despite known neurobehavioral impacts, there is little data available as to how repeated, occupational like, malathion exposures impact locomotion and the structure of motoneurons. We hypothesized that low-level repeated exposure to malathion would result in motor function deficits with anatomical alterations in the alpha-motoneurons (MN) consistent with neurodegeneration. Also, we hypothesized that galantamine would be neuroprotective against the effects of malathion. To test our hypothesis, we exposed male and female adult Sprague Dawley rats to 50 mg of malathion/kg body weight via subcutaneous injections once daily for 5 days a week for 4 weeks total. Locomotor behavior was assessed at approximately 1- and 4-weeks following exposure. Our results suggest that the effects of repeated low-level exposure to malathion can affect motor function differentially in male and female rats
Humanitarian Intervention: Motivations and Norms in Cases of Genocide
Get PDFIn 1948, the international community came together and promised to “prevent and punish” genocides under the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Genocide Convention). Despite the Genocide Convention’s commitment to humanitarian intervention, states are selective and inconsistent in intervention. While there are many case studies done on state motivation for intervention, statistical studies are rarely done and a system for predicting what variables will likely produce humanitarian intervention on a wide scale has not been explored. This study uses a Cross-Sectional Time Series Estimator Model to track whether states were more likely to intervene in genocides over time since signing the Genocide Convention. It also tested whether valuable goods and shared borders made states more prone to intervention. The results concluded that the Genocide Convention has no correlation to states willingness to intervene in genocides. It also did not provide evidence that valuable goods are a factor in humanitarian intervention. The test did support the hypothesis that shared borders make states more likely to intervene in genocides. Future studies should focus on increasing the data pool to include more genocides and testing more variables in hopes of creating a system to predict humanitarian intervention in genocides
Advanced Digital Wideband Receiver Design: High Dynamic Range and Enhanced Multi-Signal Detection with FPGA-Based Custom FFT and Nyquist Folding
Get PDFIn modern wideband receiver standards, efficient frequency spectrum utilization is essential to meet demands for high data rates, reduced latency, and enhanced connectivity. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) stands as a pivotal technology, particularly in radar signal processing, where it supports tasks such as target detection, range estimation, and velocity estimation by analyzing the frequency content of the received radar signals. This dissertation introduces the design of an advanced digital wideband receiver featuring a high dynamic range for multiple signals, with a focus on improved performance, compact size, and reduced power consumption, implemented on an FPGA using custom hardware. Key optimizations include converting floating-point data to 10-bit integers and replacing complex multipliers in the FFT module with simplified operations. The design begins with an FFT implementation using a 12-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) operating at a 2 GHz sampling rate, capturing 512 data points. Improvements such as a multiple-input selection block enhance weak signal amplification while preserving dynamic range, and an upgraded square-root approximation using Chebyshev coefficients reduces FFT output errors. These advancements improve weak signal detection accuracy even in the presence of strong signals, minimizing hardware requirements. The implementation utilized the Xilinx UltraScale+ RFSoC 1275 board, which integrates both RF and digital processing components onto a single chip, offering a compact and efficient solution for wideband receiver designs. The FFT module processes sampled data every 256 ns, evaluating frequencies from 64 MHz to 940 MHz. Experimental results demonstrate the lowest detectable signal strength of 500 uVpp with an approximate dynamic range of 60 dB for a single signal. For two-tone signals, the achievable instantaneous dynamic range is about 40 dB, with the lowest detectable signal strength in the presence of the strongest full-scale signal measured at 10 mVpp. Nyquist Folding (NF) is another key focus, utilizing frequency modulation of the sampling clock to expand bandwidth, with the extent of expansion depending on the Nyquist zone. This technique enables the recovery of the original wideband signal by analyzing the widened bandwidth. A novel two-channel NF scheme is proposed, employing two sampling clocks with slightly different rates to extract Nyquist zone information. This extends the single-channel NF approach, replacing the frequency-modulated clock with two constant but slightly offset sampling rates. Signal detection and characterization are achieved using an FFT frame-based algorithm. The proposed receiver design supports three-signal detection, employing a dual-channel FFT framework. Both channels utilize a 12-bit ADC with a 2 GHz sampling rate and 512 sampled data points. The primary channel processes data at 2 GHz, while the auxiliary channel processes data offset by four times the primary channel’s frequency resolution, resulting in a sampling rate of 1.984 GHz. This frame-based dual-channel FFT design enables the simultaneous detection of three signals, achieving a minimum frequency bin separation of 11.72 MHz. It demonstrates robust performance with a baseline signal strength requirement of 30 mVpp when the signal is positioned adjacent to either side of two other signals and 110 mVpp when situated between two strong signals. This design ensures reliable operation across a range of signal strengths and placements. The individual spectra obtained from both single-channel and dual-channel configurations demonstrate accurate frequency detection. Comparative analysis with MATLAB® software simulations validates the reliability and precision of the proposed design, establishing it as a robust and effective solution for advanced signal detection in modern radar systems