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Toxicity of Three Species of The Solanaceae Family Growing in Algeria Against Culiseta Longiareolata Mosquitos 4th Stage Larvae
Get PDFMosquitoes have always been considered a source of harm to humans and animals mainly because they can be vectors of disease. This work represents a study on the effect of aqueous extract of three plants (Hyoscyamus albus, Solanum elaeagnifolium, Solanum nigrum) of the Solanaceae family on the mortality of 4th stage larvae of Culiseta longiareolata larvae. Extract of the high impact is of S. nigrum followed by H. albus and S. elaeagnifolium, respectivley of C. longiareolata larvae
Extending MNREGA to Address the Social, Economic and Ecological Costs of Climate Change and Create Public Sector Climate Jobs
Get PDFJob Guarantee policies make public sector jobs available for those who are able and willing to work. Job guarantee schemes must work in a democratic and inclusive manner to tackle both unemployment and precarious employment, with the goal of eliminating poverty-wages and poor labor standards. In India, a social welfare measure for job guarantee, MNREGA – Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, was enacted in 2005 with the aim to guarantee the constitutional ‘right to work’. MNREGA scheme guarantees employment for 100 days to one individual in every rural household. In the context of climate-related events and disasters, this paper highlights the social, economic and ecological costs of climate change in India, and explores pathways to extend MNREGA projects to address the dual challenge of climate change and unemployment, by creating public sector jobs targeted to build climate change resilience in India. MNREGA adopts a decentralized approach to plan and implement job guarantee programs in India’s villages. This approach can be further strengthened by increasing the participation of local people in budgeting, planning and implementation for identifying the right job guarantee projects, with climate-friendly outcomes to generate local employment
Amelioration by Morus Nigra Fruit Extract on Testes, Seminiferous Tubules and Spermatic Cells by Chromium Induced Histopathologies in Mice
Get PDFMale toxicology in terms of histopathology of testes, histometery of seminiferous tubules and various spermatic cells against short-term hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) exposure & their ameliorations upon post treatment of Morus nigra fruit pulp extract (MnFPE) were studied. There were 3 groups of animals named as 1. Control (C) group: received free normal drinking water for 15 days; 2. Chromium (Cr VI) group: received hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) in drinking water for 10 days; 3. Chromium+Morus nigra (Cr VI+Mn) group: received Cr(VI) in drinking water for 10 days; additionally received 0.2mL MnFPE twice a day for next 5 days. The whole study duration was 15 days and animals of all groups were dissected at day 16th. Histopathological results shows drastic pathological changes in testicular tissue on chromium Cr(VI) exposure group like necrosis of interstitial tissues, ruptured seminiferous tubules, scattered spermatogonia and dislodged spermatogenic cells, increased number of clubs headed sperms and lack of tail in dislodged parrot beak headed spermatozoa in Cr(VI) treated group. Most of these pathological signs were recovered effectively in Cr(VI)+Mn group. Histometeric results give a strong evidence for the above mentioned histological results. Most of these micrometric alterations were found in Cr(VI) group were addressed properly in Cr(VI)+Mn group. These findings suggest that MnFPE has got curative properties against short-term hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) exposure
Insufficient Sleep in Ohio and Its Complication in Risky Behaviors
Get PDFBackground Insufficient sleep is a major public health concern in the United States. Lack of sufficient sleep causes impaired decision making that can increase the chance of participating in risky behavior. Methods County Health Rankings data from Ohio in 2016 and 2022 were reviewed for percentage of insufficient sleep and risky behaviors. We identified excessive alcohol use, driving deaths due to alcohol, drug overdose mortality, and percentage of smokers as risky behaviors. Urban and rural counties were identified via HRSA. Results: There was a significant increase in insufficient sleep from 2016 to 2022 in Ohio. Smoking and drug overdose mortality were positively correlated with insufficient sleep, while excessive alcohol use was negatively correlated with insufficient sleep. No differences in sleep or risky behaviors were seen in urban and rural counties. Conclusion: This study examines the link between insufficient sleep and engagement in risky behaviors such as drug overdose, a pressing issue in Ohio, highlighting the importance of implementing screening and intervention programs to improve sleep in order to potentially reduce the likelihood of participating in such risky behaviors, with implications for both medical practitioners and patients
Faculty Senate Meeting Agenda and Minutes, March 24, 2024
Get PDFAgenda and minutes from the Wright State University Faculty Senate Meeting held on, March 24, 2024
The Olive Tree (Olea Europea L.) and Traditional Medicine in the Skikda Region (North-East Algerian)
Get PDFSince antiquity, the olive tree (Olea europaea L.) has played a very important role in the life of Mediterranean populations who consider it as symbol of peace, solidarity and as well as trade and economy. In addition, olive oil is a major constituent of the Mediterranean diet given to its nutritional importance. The Skikda region served as the ethnobotanical survey site. This study allowed us to interview 100 people, whose objective is to know the benefits and the area of this tree use for of local populations. Informants profiles showed that women aged between 41 and 50 years, use the olive tree much more than men with a rate of 70 %. Concerning the plant parts used, fruits were the most ones food (50 %) and in therapeutic field (30 %). Made from ripe fruits, olive oil appears to be the most widely utilized cure in our studied region (78 %), with 29 % against constipation and 23 % against cough
Potential of Pharmacogenetics in Minimizing Drug Therapy Problems in Cystic Fibrosis
No full textBackground: With advancements in CF drug development, people with cystic fibrosis (PwCF) now take a median of seven medications daily, increasing treatment complexity, risk of drug therapy problems (DTPs), and interference with treatment goals. Given that some of these DTPs can be prevented with preemptive pharmacogenetic testing, the overall goal of this study was to test the clinical utility of a multi-gene pharmacogenetics (PGx) panel in potentially reducing DTPs in PwCF. Methods: A population based retrospective study of patients with CF was conducted at the University of Utah Health Care System. The patients were genotyped for CYP450 enzymes using a pharmacogenomic assay, and their drug utilization information was obtained retrospectively. This pharmacogenomic information was combined with clinical guidelines to predict the number of actionable PGx interventions in this patient cohort. Results: A total of 52 patients were included in this study. In the patient sample, a minimum of one order of actionable PGx medication was observed in 75 % of the cases. Results revealed that 4.2 treatment modifications per 10 patients can be enabled with the help of a PGx intervention in this patient population. Additionally, our findings suggest that polymorphisms in CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 are most likely to be the primary contributors to DTP\u27s within PwCF. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that the PGx panel has the potential to help alleviate the clinical burden of DTPs in PwCF and can assist in informing pharmacotherapy recommendations. Future research should validate these findings and evaluate which subgroups of PwCF would most benefit from pharmacogenetic testing
Immunomodulatory Effects of Modified Colostrum, Whey, and Their Combination With Other Natural Products: Effects on Natural Killer Cells
No full textObjectives Natural killer (NK) cells are important immune system effector cells providing innate defenses against intracellular infections, including viral infections, immune surveillance, and cancer immunoediting. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate whether modified ultra-filtrated colostrum (UC) and hydrolyzed whey (W) products or their combinations with other natural products with reported immunomodulatory properties will stimulate NK cell cytotoxic activity by activation of granzyme B and IFN-γ production. Methods The ability of study products to stimulate the cytotoxic activity of human-purified CD56+ NK cells and the production of granzyme B and IFN-γ by activated NK cells was evaluated in the cytotoxic assay. Results All study products significantly increased NK-cell cytotoxic activity at an E: T ratio of 20:1. Treatment of cells with UC had a maximal cytotoxic effect at the minimal dose of 10 µg/ml, which exceeded the cytotoxic activity of IL-2. In contrast, the addition of egg yolk (CE) or CE + botanical blend (CEB) to UC resulted in a dose-dependent cytotoxic response with a maximal response at 1000 µg/ml. The maximal activity of blend products was comparable to UC activity. W exerted minimal stimulatory activity on NK cells. The magnitude of granzyme B and IFN-γ production was closely associated with the cytotoxic activity of NK cells stimulated with the study products. Conclusions All study products demonstrated stimulatory activity on NK cells, with UC having a maximal effect on NK cell cytotoxicity. The study products can be used as dietary supplements to support NK cell activity in healthy individuals
An Optimal Exact Interval for the Risk Ratio in the 2×2 Table With Structural Zero
No full textThe 2x2 table with a structural zero represents a common scenario in clinical trials and epidemiology, characterized by a specific empty cell. In such cases, the risk ratio serves as a vital parameter for statistical inference. However, existing confidence intervals, such as those constructed through the score test and Bayesian methods, fail to achieve the prescribed nominal level. Our focus is on numerically constructing exact confidence intervals for the risk ratio. We achieve this by optimally combining the modified inferential model method and the h-function method. The resulting interval is then compared with intervals generated by four existing methods: the score method, the exact score method, the Bayesian tailed-based method and the inferential model method. This comparison is conducted based on the infimum coverage probability, average interval length and non-coverage probability criteria. Remarkably, our proposed interval outperforms other exact intervals, being notably shorter. To illustrate the effectiveness of our approach, we discuss two examples in detail