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Emergence of Caenocoris Neri (Germar, 1847) on Fig Trees in the Oases of Southeastern Algeria
Get PDFThe article considers materials related to current areas of fundamental research in the field of agricultural entomology in Algeria. The most important issues of agricultural entomology in Algeria include identifying patterns of general trends in the dynamics of geographic ranges of phyto-entomophagous under the influence of climatic and anthropogenic factors, as well as studying the adaptation of insects to new habitats and food supply. In a notable discovery during insect sampling conducted in the oasis ecosystem during the summer of 2019, researchers recorded and identified individuals of the species Caenocoris nerii (Germar, 1847) for the first time. These insects were observed feeding on cultivated fig trees growing beneath palm trees at the experimental site belonging to the Technical Institute for the Development of Agriculture in the Sahara (ITDAS, Ain Ben Noui). This finding is significant as it represents the first recorded instance of C. nerii in the Biskra oasis ecosystem, as well as the first documentation of the insect feeding on Ficus carica L. (Fig trees), its newly identified host plant. Prior to this discovery, C. nerii had not been associated with F. carica L. as a food source. The discovery marks an important addition to the knowledge of insect-plant interactions in the region and contributes to the broader understanding of agricultural entomology in Algeria. Although present, C. nerii has limited known impact. Yet, its feeding habits and the region’s agriculture warrant monitoring for potential outbreaks
Postcard from Unknown to [Milton Wright], from Dresden, Germany (Charles I)
Get PDFAn undated postcard from Dresden, Germany featuring a portrait of Charles I of England by Sir Peter Lely. Collected by Milton Wright.https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/special_ms711_postcards/1095/thumbnail.jp
Postcard from Unknown to [Milton Wright], from Richmond, Indiana (Whitewater River from Foot of Fourth Street)
Get PDFAn undated Richmond, Indiana postcard featuring the Whitewater River. Collected by Milton Wright.https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/special_ms711_postcards/1068/thumbnail.jp
Postcard from Unknown to [Milton Wright], from Knightstown, Indiana (Blue River Dam and Bridge)
Get PDFAn undated Knightstown, Indiana postcard featuring the Blue River Dam and Bridge. Collected by Milton Wright.https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/special_ms711_postcards/1065/thumbnail.jp
What Would You Have Done? Learning From Others\u27 Aviation Safety Events
Get PDFThe capacity to learn from both expected and unexpected events has beenidentified as a critical component of resilient performance. One’s ownexperiences, however, are not the only opportunities to learn from these types ofevents. In the aviation domain, operator-submitted safety event reports can alsoprovide a rich source of opportunity for learning from what others haveexperienced. In addition to maintaining the world’s largest collection ofvoluntarily submitted aviation safety incident reports, NASA’s Aviation SafetyReporting System (ASRS) also publishes a monthly online safety newsletter,CALLBACK, which periodically features a segment called “What Would YouHave Done?” These segments offer readers a chance to “interact” withinformation from previously submitted reports. Readers are presented with “thefirst half of the story”, describing a situation leading up to a critical decision, andthen asked to exercise their own judgment and decision-making skills by thinkingthrough “what would you have done?”. Later in the newsletter, “the rest of thestory” is presented, so readers can see what actions were taken by the incidentreporters. The intent of this feature is to “stimulate thought, training, anddiscussion” related to the reported incidents. There is a rich research literature onthe learning benefits of elaborating and organizing information. The current studyseeks to expand on the question “what would you have done?” to explore furtherways to consolidate learning from others’ experiences, using reports submitted toASRS by Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (UAS) operators
Designing Safe Highly Automated Human-Machine Systems Using an Stpa-Based Approach: A Case Study
Get PDFBecause modern aircraft are increasingly reliant on automation, it is essential thatthese aircraft include appropriate human-automation interactions to ensure safeflight. However, it can be challenging to design these interactions using currentmethods. This paper demonstrates how a design approach based on Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) enables more in-depth consideration ofhuman factors engineering and system safety when designing the pilot-automationarchitecture for an advanced rotorcraft concept. First, STPA is used to derive thecontrol responsibilities needed to safely operate the aircraft. Then, alternativeways to allocate those control responsibilities to the human pilot or automationare compared to identify safety and human factors-related benefits and tradeoffsto help select a preferred pilot-automation architecture. This STPA-basedapproach thus improves a designer’s ability to consider human factors and systemsafety in an integrated manner and design safety into a system from the beginning
Effects of Performance Pressure on Learning During Recurrent Pilot Training
Get PDFRecurrent training helps pilots maintain or upgrade their flying skills, however, performance pressure during training may reduce the effectiveness of recurrent training. To study the effects of performance pressure on pilot behaviour and learning, pilots (n = 17) holding an airline transport pilot licence and type rating for large multiengine aircraft were invited to a simulator experiment where they would learn a new autopilot system. The low-pressure group flew a series of training scenarios under no performance pressure whereas the high-pressure group flew the same training scenarios with prompts designed to induce performance pressure and raise their anxiety. The high-pressure group did in fact undergo training with a significantly higher state anxiety. This had no significant effect on their behaviour during training or their performance in a test scenario
Validating Self-Reported Critical Incidents Using a Cognitive Screening Test for GA Pilots
Get PDFThe lack of standardized cognitive testing for general aviation (GA) pilots maycontribute to alarming rates of fatal accidents in GA, putting GA pilots at seriousrisk. This research aims to develop the CANFLY to assess and predict risk inpilots. Given its online delivery and reliance on self-reports, validating the tool isessential. Forty-three licensed pilots ages 18-75 (M = 19.44, SD = 15.83) engagedwith pre-recorded flight segments, and answered cognitive health questions.Situational awareness related to reports of critical incidents, while marginallysignificant relationships between task management and most recent checkridewere found. Initial results show some support for the CANFLY’s ability to reflectrisk. Final results will benefit the GA community and inform policies andpractices for keeping pilots flying for as long as safely possible
Exploring Factors Affecting Pilots’ Risk Perception: A Mixed Method Approach
Get PDFA course was developed in a collegiate aviation program to teach transport categoryaircraft systems using virtual reality (VR) as a supplemental teaching tool. To betterexplore the experiences and viability of using VR in this course, students from theinaugural class were interviewed at the conclusion of the course. Feedback from thestudents were used to improve the course, as well as to understand the benefits,drawbacks, and limitations of using VR to teach aircraft systems. Students found that VRenhanced their learning experience and reinforced the concepts learned in class; however,they also noted that overcoming software limitations is an area for improvement
Pilot Associate Without Means of Cockpit Interaction
Get PDFA Single Pilot Operation (SPO) environment was constructed using a flightsimulator, and comparisons were made primarily from the perspective ofworkload between SPO and SPO where support by ground-based PilotMonitoring (GPM) was available. The experiment was conducted using aMitsubishi SpaceJet M90 flight simulator, with two pilots participating. Asexpected, it was found that SPO generally results in higher workload compared to2PO, and that GPM support can alleviate some of the workload during SPO.Factors such as the invisibility of GPM and the anxiety caused by GPM notreceiving sufficient information, as well as the increase in procedures, were foundto impact workload