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Cognitive Decline, Depression, and Protective Factors among Middle Aged and Older Indigenous Women
No full textThis study investigated the direct relationship between cognitive decline and depressive symptoms among Indigenous women aged 40 to 70 from a Northern Plains tribe, examining the indirect associations between cognitive decline and depressive symptoms through the importance of religious and spiritual beliefs and the frequency of exercise. Data from 133 participants were analyzed using path analysis, which included the PHQ-9 and the Alzheimer’s Disease 8 scale. Results indicate a significant link between cognitive decline and depressive symptoms, with 39.1% showing probable depressive symptoms. The importance of religious and spiritual beliefs was negatively associated with depressive symptoms, while exercise was positively associated with depressive symptoms. However, there was no indirect effect between cognitive decline and depressive symptoms through either the importance of religious and spiritual beliefs or the frequency of exercise. These findings highlight the importance of cognitive health and resilience factors
Measurements of Test Objects for Maritime Signature Validation
No full textWe present measured inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) signatures of a calibration cylinder and reduced scale ship models. We explore the fidelity of synthetic prediction and its ability to represent the electromagnetic interactions between the test objects and the surrounding surface
Courtly Love: A Comparative Study
No full textPresented at the 2025 College of Liberal Arts Showcase, LaRosa dives into the medieval European concept of Courtly Love.https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/cola_showcase_2025/1000/thumbnail.jp
Hawthorn (Crataegus Spp.): Unlocking its Potential for Health and Environmental Sustainability – a Comprehensive Review
No full textHawthorn (Crataegus spp.), traditionally regarded as an important medicinal plant and frequently cited in the literature, presents significant potential for sustainable development and medical biotechnology. This review looks at several areas of Hawthorn that can be explored in response to current healthcare and environmental sustainability issues. Bioactive compounds from hawthorn, including active compounds primarily comprised of flavonoids, procyanidins, and triterpenoids, are responsible for potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardio-protective, and antimicrobial activities, potentially providing a source of potent therapeutic alternatives. Moreover, hawthorn has a well-documented record as a source of cardiovascular benefits to address arterial hypertension, congestive heart failure, and arrhythmias. In consideration of sustainability, hawthorn provides distinct benefits by offering adaptation to geographic features. Hawthorn cultivation requires minimal management, as it grows without the need for fertilization, insecticides, or pesticides, and ecological features like the reduction of soil erosion and support for biodiversity all contribute to sustainability. This review explores innovative approaches of hawthorn utilization to support developing pharmaceuticals and even nutraceuticals, and functional food, and it highlights its importance in supporting the principles of green chemistry, positioning it as a valuable resource for healthcare applications, sustainable biopharmaceutical development, and ecological and economic sustainability
The Semantic Web: 22nd European Semantic Web Conference Proceedings, Part II
No full textThis two-volume set LNCS 15718-15719 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 22nd European Semantic Web Conference, ESWC 2025, held in Portoroz, Slovenia, during June 1–5, 2025.The 45 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 155 submissions.The ESWC’s Research track addresses the theoretical, analytical, and empirical aspects of the semantic web, semantic technologies, knowledge graphs and semantics on the Web in general. The In-use track focuses on contributions that reuse and apply state-of-the-art semantic technologies or resources to real-world settings. The resource track deals with resource contributions that are, on the one hand innovative or novel, and on the other hand sharable and reusable (e.g. datasets, knowledge graphs, ontologies, workflows, benchmarks, frameworks), and provide the necessary scaffolding to support the generation of scientific work and advance the state of the art
Possible Involvement of Keratinocyte-Derived Microvesicle Particles in Human Photosensitivity Disorders
No full textBACKGROUND: Previous murine studies have implicated acid sphingomyelinase-(aSMase) generated subcellular microvesicle particles (MVP) in photosensitivity. Objective: The current double-blinded placebo-controlled studies examined if a single localized ultraviolet B radiation (UVB) treatment generated more MVP in human subjects with self-identified photosensitivity versus normal controls. A topical 4% formulation of the aSMase inhibitor imipramine applied immediately after UVB blocked the MVP release and erythema responses. Erythema responses at 24 and 72 h in response to multiple UVB fluences and minimal erythema doses (MED) at 24 h and effects of imipramine were also tested.
RESULTS: Small cohorts of 10 adult self-identified photosensitive subjects and 10 controls were enrolled in these pilot studies which revealed increased levels of skin MVP in UVB-treated photosensitive subjects over controls which correlated with MED values. Moreover, post-UVB application of imipramine blunted UVB-induced MVP responses as well as tended to diminish erythema levels at 4 h but not at 24- or 72 h in photosensitive patients.
CONCLUSION: Though limited by low numbers of self-identified subjects, these pilot studies provide some support for the hypothesis that MVP could be involved in multiple types of human photosensitivity responses and suggest aSMase inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy
Social and Structural Determinants of Mammography Screening Rates Among Female Medicare Beneficiaries: A Retrospective Analysis
Get PDFIntroduction: Despite Medicare fully covering annual mammogram costs, less than one half of female Ohio residents aged 65-74 sought yearly mammograms. As such, our analyses explore which social and structural determinants of health predict the likelihood that a woman aged 65-74 on Medicare will receive an annual mammogram.Methods: This retrospective analysis utilized data from the County Health Rankings database, focusing on female Medicare enrollees aged 65-74. Mammography screening rates were compared across counties within Ohio, Michigan, and Missouri. Pearson and Spearman correlation tests were employed to examine relationships between English non-proficiency, high school graduation rates, residential segregation, primary care access, and mammography screening rates. ANOVA tests were conducted to compare screening rates and median household income across Ohio, Michigan, and Missouri. Stepwise multiple linear regression was used to identify predictors of annual mammography rates in Ohio.Results: Significant correlations were found between mammography screening rates and English proficiency (r = 0.39, p \u3c 0.001), high school graduation rates (r = 0.51, p = 0.001), and primary care physician availability (r = 0.38, p \u3c 0.001). No significant correlation was observed between residential segregation and screening rates (r = -0.06, p = 0.62). Significant differences exist in mammography screening rates across Ohio, Michigan, and Missouri, with Michigan having the highest rate. A weak but significant correlation was found between median household income and screening rates (r = 0.37, p \u3c 0.001). No significant difference in mammography rates exists between Ohio counties with high and low average age (t = -0.591, p = 0.273). High school graduation rate and limited English non-proficiency were the only significant predictors of mammography screening rates. Conclusion: Social determinants of health including education, English proficiency, and access to care, significantly influence mammography screening rates among Medicare beneficiaries. Addressing disparities in education, language access, and healthcare availability may help reduce the gap in breast cancer screening rates. Further research is needed to explore the role of health literacy and geographic access in improving screening rates
Access to Exercise Opportunities and Food Security: Mediators in the Prevalence of Chronic Diseases in Ohio
Get PDFBackground: Obesity remains a leading public health issue in the United States, with 40.3% of adults classified as overweight, underscoring the need to understanding the environmental and social determinants of health1. The neighborhood food environment, including access to healthy food and recreational spaces in one\u27s community, plays a critical role in shaping dietary behaviors and physical activity levels.
Objective: This study examines the relationship between neighborhood food environments including access to healthy food and exercise opportunities, socioeconomic factors, and health outcomes like obesity, and diabetes in Ohio from two-time points: 2016 to 2023 using data from the County Health Rankings & Roadmaps program. The study addresses key research questions related to indicators such as adult obesity rates, prevalence of diabetes, access to exercise opportunities, median household income, food insecurity, and physical health. Paired samples t-tests, Pearson correlation, and regression analyses were used to analyze the dynamics between these variables.
Results: Results revealed significant improvements in the Food Environment Index, a reduction in food insecurity, decrease in the prevalence of diabetes, and decreased access to exercise opportunities. However, obesity rates increased between 2016 and 2023, highlighting a worsening trend in obesity. Child poverty and the prevalence of diabetes are predictive of the variance in the food environment index. Median household income is predictive of access to exercise opportunities. Additionally, a moderate negative correlation was found between access to exercise opportunities and poor physical health days. These findings highlight the ongoing challenges in addressing obesity in Ohio, emphasizing the need for targeted policies to improve access to healthy food and exercise resources. While progress has been made in reducing food insecurity, socioeconomic factors continue to significantly influence health outcomes, pointing to the need for comprehensive policies that address both the built environment and underlying social determinants of health
Avifauna of Kheri Morat National Park: Role of Agricultural Habitat in Maintaining the Diversity of Birds in the Presence of Threats in Adjacent Forest Habitat
Get PDFIncreasing land use for agricultural practices is commonly perceived as a threat to the avian diversity. However, a number of avian species depend on these croplands for food, water, and shelter. The present study was conducted in Khairi National Park, Pakistan, for the discourse of awareness gaps about the avifaunal diversity of the protected area and to compare the bird’s diversity in the agriculture fields and native forests. For the current study, the habitat was divided into two habitat categories, i.e., forest and croplands. The sampling was executed between February 2014 and February 2017. Stratified random sampling was used to select three transects of 1000 m length and 100 m width in each habitat category. The transects were at least 2000 m apart from each other. Each transect was visited twice monthly with a total of 72 surveys per transect. The threats to avian fauna were recorded through questionnaire surveys.We recorded 77 bird species in both habitats during the study period. Agricultural habitat had 73 species while the forest was inhabited by 55 species, with 32 % of similarity between bird communities between the habitats. Major threats in forest included illegal hunting (30 %), fuel wood collection (24 %), and livestock grazing (21 %). While in croplands reported threats included illegal hunting (3 %) and livestock grazing (3 %). Our study concludes that the agricultural lands can serve as an important habitat supporting many avian species