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Implementering av strukturerad produktutveckling i en organisation under förändring: En fallstudie av ledarskap, förändringsberedskap och kvalitetsanpassning
No full textThis thesis explores why certified quality processes in product development, such as ISO 9001 and APQP, do not always lead to expected performance improvements. Despite formal implementation, gaps persist between strategic intent and operational outcomes. The study addresses three key questions: what contributes to this performance gap, how management supports sustained quality improvements, and how employees perceive the integration of certified processes in daily work. A case study was conducted within a product development department at a Swedish industrial company. A mixed-method approach combined semi-structured interviews and a Likert-scale survey to capture both detailed insights and broader trends (Rokeman, 2024, p. 78). The theoretical framework draws on the ADKAR model for change management, organizational readiness theory, ethical leadership, and implementation challenges in project environments. Findings indicate that the performance gap stems from limited leadership involvement, unclear process ownership, and weak reinforcement of quality initiatives. Low organizational readiness for change also played a critical role. Employees expressed low confidence in management’s ability to sustain improvements and showed limited motivation to engage with certified processes. Historical change in fatigue and poor communication further widened the gap between intended and actual outcomes. The study concludes that ISO 9001 certification alone is insufficient for performance improvement. Bridging the implementation gap requires aligning formal systems with leadership commitment, organizational readiness, and active employee engagement.Denna uppsats undersöker varför certifierade kvalitetsprocesser inom produktutveckling inte alltid leder till förväntade prestationsförbättringar. Trots implementeringen av ISO 9001 och stödjande metoder såsom APQP kvarstår gap mellan strategisk avsikt och operativa resultat. Studien fokuserar på tre centrala frågor: vilka faktorer som bidrar till detta prestationsgap, ledningens roll i att upprätthålla kvalitetsförbättringar, samt hur medarbetare uppfattar hur väl certifierade processer är integrerade i det dagliga arbetet. En fallstudie genomfördes inom en produktutvecklingsavdelning på ett svenskt industriföretag. En metodkombination användes, där semistrukturerade intervjuer kombinerades med en enkät baserad på likertskala för att fånga både djupgående perspektiv och bredare trender. Det teoretiska ramverket bygger på ADKAR-modellen för förändringsledning, teorin om organisatorisk beredskap, etiskt ledarskap samt implementeringsutmaningar i projektmiljöer. Resultaten visar att prestationsgapet till stor del beror på bristande ledarskapsengagemang, otydligt processägarskap och begränsad förstärkning av kvalitetsinitiativ. En annan avgörande faktor var låg organisatorisk beredskap för förändring. Medarbetarna saknade förtroende för ledningens förmåga att upprätthålla förbättringar, och motivationen att engagera sig i certifierade processer var låg. Beredskapsproblemen förvärrades av historisk förändringströtthet och otillräcklig kommunikation, vilket skapade ett gap mellan avsedd och faktisk effekt. Studien drar slutsatsen att ISO 9001-certifiering i sig inte garanterar prestationsförbättring. För att minska implementeringsgapet måste organisationer anpassa formella system till ledarskapsengagemang, förändringsberedskap och aktivt medarbetarengagemang
A comparison of motivational factors between young swimmers andfootball players : A Quantitative Study on Athlete Motivation
No full textStudien genomfördes då motivation är en stor del inom idrott vilket behöver kartläggas för att få enbättre förståelse av idrottarna. Motivation påverkar idrottarna i flera olika aspekter.Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka vad som motiverar unga simmare och fotbollsspelare till attutöva deras idrott. Undersökningen genomfördes med en kvantitativ metod där enkät vardatainsamlingsmetoden. I enkäten ställdes frågor som mäter inre- och yttre motivation samt autonomi. Istudien användes bekvämlighetsurval samt snöbollsurval. I studien deltog 45 unga simmare ochfotbollsspelare födda 2005–2010.Resultatet visar att idrottarna motiveras av både inre- och yttre motivation. De motiveras något mer avde inre motivationsfaktorerna. Resultatet visar även att autonomi är viktigt för idrottarna i sin träning.Utifrån detta påvisas inga markanta skillnader mellan simmarna och fotbollsspelarna. Dock motiverasfotbollsspelarna något mer av inre motivationsfaktorer än simmarna. Inre motivation bidrar tillvälmående och idrott längre upp i åldrarna. Autonomi bidrar till att idrotten upplevs roligare på grund avolika resonemang. Läsaren bör vara försiktig vid generalisering av resultatet i studien på grund av detlilla urvalet. Studien ger en inblick i vad som motiverar simmare och fotbollsspelare. The study was conducted because motivation is a major component in sports and needs to be mappedout in order to gain a better understanding of the athletes. Motivation affects athletes in several differentaspects.The purpose of this study was to examine what motivates young swimmers and football players toengage in their sport. The investigation was carried out using a quantitative method, with a questionnaireas the research tool. The questionnaire included questions measuring intrinsic and extrinsic motivation,as well as autonomy. Convenience sampling and snowball sampling were used in the study.We conducted a relevant investigation considering the current context. However, the sample group wastoo small and also unevenly distributed. Some questions in the questionnaire could have been rephrasedto yield clearer results.The results show that the athletes are motivated by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, with a slightdominance of intrinsic motivation. The results also indicate that autonomy is important for the athletesin their training. Based on the findings, no significant differences were found between the swimmers andthe football players. However, the football players are slightly more motivated by intrinsic factors thanthe swimmers. Intrinsic motivation is the preferred type of motivation in sports, as it contributes to wellbeing and long-term participation. Autonomy makes the sport more enjoyable due to various underlyingreasons. The reader should be careful when generalizing the results of this stud
Cybersecurity and the Human Element : A Gap Analysis in BTH’s Educational Programs
No full textIntroduction: This thesis examines the preparedness of students at BTH (Blekinge Institute of Technology) in recognizing and responding to social engineering cyber threats. Given the increasing prevalence of cybercrime, which incurs significant economic costs and compromises sensitive data, the importance of effective cybersecurity training cannot be overstated. Objective: The objective of this study is to get an understanding of whether BTH prepares its students for social engineering cyber threats. Methods: The study utilizes a mixed-methods approach, incorporating cyber threat analysis, course reviews, and surveys targeting both students and program managers, to assess the current state of awareness and training provided. Results: Results indicate a significant gap between industry and academia at BTH. Students often feel unprepared, and program managers are unsure of what is taught in their programs. Conclusion: Based on these findings, the thesis proposes actionable recommendations for enhancing curriculum and training practices at the university level. Ultimately, the goals are to mitigate risks associated with social engineering attacks and to better equip students for the challenges of the cybersecurity landscape
Att konkretisera matematik : Laborativt materials betydelse för elevers matematiska motivation vid additionsuppställning
No full textSyftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur laborativt material, särskilt tiobasmaterial, påverkar elevernas matematiska motiviation och förståelse för additionsuppställning. Studien antar en kvalitativ metod som består av intervjuer med fyra lärare och sju elever i årskurs 2. Datan från intervjuerna analyserades utifrån en tematisk analys med grund i kognitivismen och det teoretiska ramverket "Increased mathematics motivation". I studien framkom det att det laborativa materialet skapade en lustfylld och rolig matematikundervisning för eleverna. För elever på låg- och mellankunskapsnivå fungerar materialet som ett kontinuerligt stöd i lärandet, samtidigt som elever på hög kunskapsnivå använder materialet som ett medvetet verktyg vid utmanande uppgifter. Slutsatsen är att det laborativa materialet stärker elevernas matematiska motivation och fungerar som ett effektivt stöd i lärandet.
Optimering av gottgörelsepolicyer i relation till svenska pensionsstiftelser : Djuplärningsbaserad ekonomisk scenariogeneration för dynamisk tillgångs- och skuldförvaltning
No full textOver the past decades, pension assets in ITP2 pension foundations have grown substantially. With the ratio of retirees to active members increasing, this thesis aims to answer how an organization can formulate a reimbursement policy, in relation to a pension foundation, to maximize the overall benefit received while minimizing the risk of being denied reimbursements. For this purpose, a Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network with Gradient Penalty (WGAN-GP) was trained on weekly historical data for equities, real estate, government and corporate bonds. Statistical evaluation, such as correlation matrices, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (KS-test) and Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD), demonstrated the viability of WGAN-GP in an Economic Scenario Generator (ESG). The generated scenarios were fed into a dynamic Asset-Liability Management framework (ALM-framework) that selects between five risk profiles based on the funding ratio of the pension foundation. Results indicate that a payout factor between 1.5 - 1.7 provides an optimal balance between the total reimbursement and the risk of missing reimbursements.Under de senaste decennierna har pensionstillgångar i ITP2-pensionsstiftelserna vuxit markant. I takt med att kvoten mellan pensionärer och aktiva medlemmar ökar undersöker denna masteruppsats hur en organisation kan formulera en ersättningspolicy, i relation till en pensionsstiftelse, för att maximera den totala nyttan som erhålls samtidigt som risken för att nekas gottgörelse minimeras. För detta ändamål tränades en Wasserstein Generativa Adverseriella Nätverk med Gradientstraff (WGAN-GP) på veckohistoriska data för aktier, fastigheter, stats- och företagsobligationer. Statistisk utvärdering, såsom korrelationsmatriser, Kolmogorov-Smirnov-test (KS-test) och Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) visade på användbarheten av WGAN-GP i en Ekonomisk Scenariogenerator (ESG). De genererade scenarierna matades in i ett dynamiskt Asset-Liability Management ramverk (ALM-ramverk) som väljer mellan fem riskprofiler utifrån pensionsstiftelsens fonderingsnivå. Resultat indikerar att en utbetalningsfaktor mellan 1,5 - 1,7 ger en optimal balans mellan den totala gottgörelsen och risken för uteblivna gottgörelser
Analysis-ready VCF at Biobank scale using Zarr
No full textBackground Variant Call Format (VCF) is the standard file format for interchanging genetic variation data and associated quality control metrics. The usual row-wise encoding of the VCF data model (either as text or packed binary) emphasizes efficient retrieval of all data for a given variant, but accessing data on a field or sample basis is inefficient. The Biobank-scale datasets currently available consist of hundreds of thousands of whole genomes and hundreds of terabytes of compressed VCF. Row-wise data storage is fundamentally unsuitable and a more scalable approach is needed.Results Zarr is a format for storing multidimensional data that is widely used across the sciences, and is ideally suited to massively parallel processing. We present the VCF Zarr specification, an encoding of the VCF data model using Zarr, along with fundamental software infrastructure for efficient and reliable conversion at scale. We show how this format is far more efficient than standard VCF-based approaches, and competitive with specialized methods for storing genotype data in terms of compression ratios and single-threaded calculation performance. We present case studies on subsets of 3 large human datasets (Genomics England: =78,195; Our Future Health: =651,050; All of Us: =245,394) along with whole genome datasets for Norway Spruce (=1,063) and SARS-CoV-2 (=4,484,157). We demonstrate the potential for VCF Zarr to enable a new generation of high-performance and cost-effective applications via illustrative examples using cloud computing and GPUs.Conclusions Large row-encoded VCF files are a major bottleneck for current research, and storing and processing these files incurs a substantial cost. The VCF Zarr specification, building on widely used, open-source technologies, has the potential to greatly reduce these costs, and may enable a diverse ecosystem of next-generation tools for analysing genetic variation data directly from cloud-based object stores, while maintaining compatibility with existing file-oriented workflows
Finding Musical Structure : How to compose with coherence in the realm of studio-based compositions
No full textThe aim of this master’s project is to gain a better understanding of form in electroacoustic music composition, and to apply this knowledge in studio-based work as well as in compositions for acoustic instruments. The following research questions was asked: What methods and strategies are used to create form in electroacoustic music? What approaches to form can I use in my electroacoustic compositions to obtain logical and structurally coherent musical results? What approaches to form in electroacoustic music can I use in my compositions for acoustic instruments and in mixed media works? To reach the aim and answer my research questions an extensive theory chapter have been made that include theory about Macro, meso, sound object and microform, Spectromorphology, Organizing form, Algorithmic and generative processes, Moment form, and Fibonacci sequence and the Golden Section proportions. The method chapter describes how the analysis of form is made, which are based on spectromorphology. Interviews with composer of three of the analysed pieced have been conducted, and strategies employed for composing my own pieces is also presented. The result chapter include my form analysis and reflections of four electroacoustic works together with information gathered during my interviews and the five pieces that I have composed during this project, two electroacoustic pieces, two acoustic pieces for symphony orchestra and one mixed media composition for piano and tape. Those pieces are presented with analysis of form and how I have composed the pieces. In the discussion are my research question answered together with more insights and reflections that I gotten from doing this master’s project.This thesis can be viewed in Research Catalogue with easier to see figures and artistic results.https://www.researchcatalogue.net/shared/ace1d15a87a53f494ec984091f193361</p
Evaluation of Integrated AD Converter under Varying Temperature Conditions
No full textAnalog to digital converters (ADCs) are essential components in embedded systems, where analog signals must be translated into digital representations. Their performance can be significantly affected by ambient temperature, which may lead to practical challenges in precision critical applications. This study, conducted at Saab Dynamics in Karlskoga, evaluates two types of ADCs, the internal 12 and 16-bit converters of the STM32H757 microcontroller, and the external 12-bit AD7890-10. Measurements were performed at room temperature, +65°C and -35°C to analyze how temperature variations affects measurement accuracy and linearity. The results show that the STM32:s internal ADCs exhibited larger and more nonlinear deviations, particularly close to the input range limits. The AD7890 also showed temperature related errors, but these were smaller in magnitude and more linear. The finding suggests that external ADCs may be preferable in thermally demanding environments where high measurement accuracy is required. Analog till digital omvandlare (AD-omvandlare) är centrala komponenter i inbyggda system där analoga signaler måste översättas till en digital presentation. Deras prestanda kan påverkas kraftigt av omgivningstemperaturen, vilket kan få praktiska konsekvenser i många tillämpningar. I detta arbete, som har utförts på Saab Dynamics i Karlskoga, har två olika typer av AD-omvandlare utvärderats, den interna 12 och 16-bitars i mikrokontrollern STM32H757 samt den externa 12-bitars AD7890-10. Mätningarna utfördes vid rumstemperatur, +65°C och -35°C för att analysera hur temperaturförändringar påverkar mätprecisionen och linjäriteten hos respektive omvandlare. Resultaten visade att STM32:s interna ADC uppvisade större och mer icke-linjära avvikelser, särskilt nära spänningsgränserna. AD7890 uppvisade också temperaturberoende fel, men dessa var mindre till storlek och mer linjära. Studien indikerar att externa AD-omvandlare kan vara att föredra i temperaturkänsliga miljöer där hög noggrannhet krävs
Friedrich Nietzsche och dygden mod : En kontextualisering av Nietzsches syn på mod
No full textAbstract Sebastian Porsefalk: Friedrich Nietzsche och dygden mod, En kontextualisering av Nietzsches syn på mod. Uppsala universitet: Inst. För idé- och lärdomshistoria, C-uppsats, vårterminen, 2025. The philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche has been extensively studied, including the study of his virtue ethics, yet the specific virtue of courage has remained largely overlooked. This thesis investigates Nietzsche’s philosophy regarding the virtue of courage. With a Quentin Skinner inspired theory of contextualization, the study seeks to explore how he illustrates his examples of courage. This study investigates Nietzsche’s concept of courage, including how he describes it, what it entails, and how it relates to ancient virtue ethics. Nietzsche argues that courage is a prerequsite for values like curiosity, cheerfulness, and thruthfulness, and that it is essential for truly appreciating life through his call to live dangerously. The tension between Nietzsche’s apparent aristocratic elitism and subversive individualism illuminates the complexity of his obvious critique of Christianity and its influence on the politics of his contemporary Europe along with the ambivalent relation to the social order. Friedrich Nietzsche is a complex and multifaceted character and this study has shed light upon the virtue of courage as an essential part of his philosophy by examining the contexts he refers to. Displaying in what regard he writes about the future of Europe and what kind of people are needed to be able to rescue it from its perceived moral decline. Keywords: Virtue, courage, conservatism, individualism, aristocratic elitism, conceptual history, contextual history, moralphilosophy
Barbaric Enlightenment : Swedish Media Reports on Religious Reform and Conflict in Revolutionary France, 1789-1799
No full textThis thesis examines how religious reform and conflict during the French Revolution was reported on, and interpreted, in Swedish newspapers during the period 1789-1799. The religious dimensions of the Revolution are, for the purpose of this study, understood as phenomenon such as the revolutionaries’ attacks on church and clergy, the introduction of new ideological tools like the Republican Calendar, the festivals held during the revolutionary period, as well as the establishment of new religions in the form of two cults, the Cult of Reason and the Cult of the Supreme Being. Much of this can be tied to the ‘dechristianization’ campaign during the French Revolution. Two Swedish newspapers have been investigated, that being Götheborgs Allehanda and Stockholms-Posten. The thesis shows that reports of this nature were relatively underreported in comparison to general reporting on the French Revolution. Götheborgs Allehanda mentions religious reform and conflict with several notable examples, while Stockholms-Posten appears to have largely neglected these aspects of the French Revolution. Reasons and possible explanations for why the newspapers reported the way they did are explored, related to aspects such as ideological bias, distance to the events, Protestant and Catholic animosity, as well as the radical and alien nature of the reforms.