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Transposition of a distorted universe : Cultural elements in The night is short, walk on girl by Morimi Tomihiko and its English translation
No full textThis paper identifies various types of cultural elements present in the novel The Night is Short, Walk on Girl by Morimi Tomihiko, and investigates how they have been dealt with in the English translation. The novel relies heavily on connotative elements in the Japanese language (gokan) which evoke culturally based associations in the minds of readers. While the translation accurately transmits the main meaning of the terms, many of the connotations have been lost, and, as a result, the translated text conveys much less information than the source text. The paper recommends that the translation of connotative cultural elements, which has been insufficiently studied, be the subject of more in-depth research
Treatment Related to Urinary Tract Infections Is Associated with Delayed Diagnosis of Urinary Bladder Cancer: A Nationwide Population-based Study
No full textBackground and objective: It has been suggested that urinary tract infections (UTIs) are associated with delayed diagnosis of bladder cancer (BC). Our aim was to investigate prediagnostic treatments related to UTI and the relation to BC diagnostic delay, reflected by advanced disease at diagnosis. Methods: We used data from the BladderBaSe 2.0 with data of treatments related to UTI up to 3 yr before BC diagnosis (2008-2019) for BC patients in comparison to a matched reference population. We investigated the association between UTI treatments and more advanced disease at diagnosis in the BC cohort. We used generalized ordered logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for more advanced disease as an ordered outcome: non-muscle-invasive BC (NMIBC), muscle-invasive BC (MIBC), and metastatic BC (MBC). Key findings and limitations: The study population included 29 921 BC patients and 149 467 matched reference subjects. The proportions of individuals receiving UTI treatment were higher in the patient groups than in the corresponding reference groups, with the greatest differences observed for the MIBC and MBC subgroups. The OR for the risk of more advanced disease (MIBC or MBC) with at least one UTI treatment versus none was 1.28 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19-1.37) for men and 1.42 (95 % CI 1.27- 1.58) for women. The association to risk of more advanced disease increased with the number of UTI treatments for both sexes. Conclusions and clinical implications: Further studies on the effects of treatments related to UTI in combination with other factors are needed to identify reasons for possible delays in the BC diagnostic pathway. Patient summary: We found that for patients with bladder cancer, previous antibiotic treatment for a urinary tract infection was linked to more advanced disease at diagnosis. Further studies are needed to identify reasons for possible delays in the diagnosis of bladder cancer. (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Association of Urology. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.Funding Agencies|Swedish Cancer Society [CAN 22 2021, CAN 2023/2807]; Swedish Research Council [2021-00859]; Lund Medical Faculty, Skne University Hospital Research Funds; Cancer Research Fund at Malm General Hospital; Maud and Birger Gustavsson Research Foundation; Hjelm Family Foundation for Medical Research; Foundation of Urological Research; Hillevi Fries Research Foun-dation; Lion's Cancer Research Foundation in Northern Sweden [LP 23-2342]</p
Towards integrated planning of information exchanges in construction production
No full textThe increasing digitalization of the construction industry has fundamentally transformed how information is generated, managed, and utilized throughout project lifecycles. Building Information Modelling (BIM) has since its inception played a central role in this transformation, enabling more integrated project environments. However, inconsistent use of terminologies, inadequate information specifications and lack of interoperability are now major challenges faced by the industry. These issues are particularly critical in design-build projects, where a continuous flow of accurate information to- and from the construction site is essential for project success. Insufficient- or delayed information are currently some of the main causes of cost overruns and delays. The studies presented in this thesis are grounded in the ISO 19650 standards for information management, which emphasize structured information and information exchanges and the use of Common Data Environment (CDE). Complementing this, the Information delivery Manual (IDM) can be used to formalize process maps to support task-specific workflows. A key focus of the studies is the Level of Information Need (LOIN), which provides a framework for specifying which information is needed at which point in the process. By linking LOIN to on-site production activities, this research aims to facilitate more accurate and timely information exchanges. Using Design Research Methodology (DRM), requirements for an automated solution for production planning were identified and analyzed. The findings indicate a necessary shift from software-centric to data-centric solutions, with knowledge graphs emerging as a viable means to address interoperability challenges and harmonizing different information structures. Based on these insights, a conceptual framework was developed to support a LOIN-driven workflow tailored to the demands of the design-build project delivery method.Den ökade digitaliseringen i byggbranschen har bidragit till fundamentala ändringar i hur information skapas, hanteras och används genom ett projekts livscykel. Byggnadsinformationsmodellering (BIM) har haft en central roll i denna utveckling genom möjliggörandet av mer integrerade projekt. Dock är inkonsekvent användning av terminologier, otillräckliga informationskrav och brister vad gäller interoperabilitet stora problem inom industrin. Dessa problem är särskilt kritiska i totalentreprenader, för vilka ett kontinuerligt flöde med korrekt och uppdaterad information till och från byggarbetsplatsen är nödvändigt för att projekt ska bli framgångsrika. Studierna presenterade i denna avhandling grundar sig i ISO 19650 standarderna för informationshantering, som betonar vikten av strukturerad information och informationsutbyten, samt användning av gemensamma datamiljöer (CDE). Som komplement kan informationsleveransmanualer (IDM) användas för att organisera informationshanteringen. Ett av huvudämnena i studien är nivåer av informationsbehov (LOIN), som ger ett ramverk för specificering av vilken information som behövs vid vilket tillfälle i processen. Genom att koppla LOIN till produktionsaktiviteter ämnar denna forskning möjliggöra pålitliga och tidsenliga informationsutbyten. Genom användning av Design Research Methodology (DRM), har krav för en automatiserad lösning för produktionsplanering identifierats. Resultaten indikerar på att ett skifte från programvarucentriska till datacentriska lösningar måste ske. Resultaten visar också att användningen av kunskapsgrafer har potential att underlätta interoperabilitet och harmonisera olika informationsstrukturer. Baserat på dessa insikter utvecklades ett konceptuellt ramverk som kan stödja utvecklingen av ett LOIN-drivet arbetsflöde för totalentreprenader
Foreign direct investments : A purpose analysis after one year with the new screening law
No full textThis thesis examines the Swedish Act on the Screening of Foreign Direct Invest-ments (FDI) with a focus on its underlying purpose. By analysing the legislative history and preparatory work the study investigates the rationale behind the law, its intended goals, and the challenges it seeks to address in safeguarding national security and public order whilst keeping an open investment climate in mind. In addition, the thesis compares Sweden’s FDI screening system with similar legislation in neighbouring Nordic countries - Norway, Denmark, and Finland - highlighting both the commonalities and distinctions in their approaches. The comparative analysis seeks to identify potential strengths and weaknesses in the Swedish system, offering insights into how the law could be improved and better aligned with contemporary investment realities. This study contributes to the ongoing discussion about the balance between protecting national interests and maintaining an open investment climate, presenting recommendations for policy improvements based on Nordic best practices
Localized Phase and Elemental Mapping in Solid-State Lithium Battery LTO Anode Thin-Film Produced by a Novel Suspension Plasma Spray Approach
No full textThis study investigates the phase and elemental distribution in a suspension plasma-sprayed (SPS) Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) thin-film anode for solid-state lithium batteries, deposited on an SS-304 substrate. Advanced synchrotron-based µXRD and µXRF techniques were employed for micro-scale characterization, revealing distinct phase regions influenced by thermal exposure during the SPS process. The dominant Li4Ti5O12 phase was retained across most of the film, with localized transformations to secondary phases Li2Ti3O7, Li2TiO3, and TiO2 near the substrate interface, primarily due to prolonged high-temperature exposure and subsequent lithium loss. These findings underscore the importance of controlling SPS parameters to minimize lithium loss and optimize phase stability and interfacial integrity in solid-state battery components.CC BY 4.0</p
Evaluating the diffusion of Kr in UO2 and ADOPTTM using time-of-flight elastic recoil detection analysis (ToF-erda)
No full textA combination of 300 keV Kr-84 ion implantation and Time-of-Flight Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis is utilised to investigate the diffusion of Kr in UO2 and ADOPT (TM) fuels. Composition depth-profiles on the nanometer scale were obtained, both for as-implanted samples and after annealing at 800 degrees C for 1 h. Observed drifts in the 84Kr profiles could be associated with short-range diffusion mechanisms. The approach employed here provides the possibility to make direct comparisons with atomistic scale modelling data, and can be of service as a separate effect test in line with the Accelerated Fuel Qualification initiative
Control of ferrimagnetic compensation and perpendicular anisotropy in TbCo(100−) with H+ ion implantation
No full textThe tuning of magnetic properties through electrochemical loading of hydrogen has recently attracted significant interest as a way to manipulate magnetic devices with electric fields. In this paper we investigate quantitatively the magneto-ionic effect of hydrogen uptake on the magnetic properties of rare-earth transition-metal alloy TbxCo(100-x) in the composition range of x = 10-39 at.% using ion implantation. Using this technique we are able to link changes in magnetic behavior to exact concentrations of hydrogen, isolated from the movement of any other ions that would be a factor in electrochemical studies. The composition of the alloy has been varied alongside the hydrogen dose to characterize the effect of progressive hydrogen loading on the full range of x displaying out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy. We find large changes in two important properties: the compensation composition and the Co-rich in-plane to out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy transition composition, both of which move by 6 at.% toward higher Tb concentrations after hydrogen implantation. This shift in composition does not increase with a larger dose. From the changes in magnetization we attribute the change in compensation composition to a significant reduction of the moment on the Tb sublattice
Minimizing Questionable Research Practices : The Role of Norms, Counter Norms, and Micro-Organizational Ethics Discussion
No full textBreaches of research integrity have gained considerable attention due to high-profile scandals involving questionable research practices by reputable scientists. These practices include plagiarism, manipulation of authorship, biased presentation of findings and misleading reports of significance. To combat such practices, policymakers tend to rely on top-down measures, mandatory ethics training and stricter regulation, despite limited evidence of their effectiveness. In this study, we investigate the occurrence and underlying factors of questionable research practices (QRPs) through an original survey of 3,005 social and medical researchers at Swedish universities. By comparing the role of the organizational culture, researchers ' norms and counter norms, and individual motivation, the study reveals that the counter norm of Biasedness-the opposite of universalism and skepticism-is the overall most important factor. Thus, Biasedness was related to 40-60% of the prevalence of the questionable practices. The analysis also reveals the contradictory impact of other elements in the organizational environment. Internal competition was positively associated with QRP prevalence, while group-level ethics discussions consistently displayed a negative association with such practices. Furthermore, in the present study items covering ethics training and policies have only a marginal impact on the prevalence of these practices. The organizational climate and normative environment have a far greater influence. Based on these findings, it is suggested that academic leaders should prioritize the creation and maintenance of an open and unbiased research environment, foster a collaborative and collegial climate, and promote bottom-up ethics discussions within and between research groups
Consistency-based diagnosis using data-driven residuals and limited training data
No full textEffective fault diagnosis is crucial for improving the durability and reliability of automotive systems. Developing a diagnostic system with desirable fault isolability requires an accurate model and/or representative training data covering all possible faults. One promising approach involves using physics-based neural network residuals, known as grey-box models. These networks, designed to represent the system's nominal behavior and trained on fault-free data, are particularly advantageous when training data from faults are scarce. By incorporating causal relationships derived from physical insight, grey-box models retain the structural fault sensitivity of model-based residuals, enabling consistency-based diagnosis decision logic. However, despite their high accuracy in supervised learning benchmarks, neural networks often struggle with misclassification due to out of distribution data, a significant concern in diagnostic applications where false alarms are costly. This study highlights the importance of uncertainty quantification in neural network-based regression models and examines the interplay between different types of uncertainty in diagnostics. To address both epistemic and aleatoric uncertainties and achieve desirable fault isolation, the study applies adaptive thresholds and a measure for testing the validity of the residuals. Additionally, it proposes a consistency-based diagnosis framework using data-driven residuals, with its effectiveness demonstrated on an aftertreatment system of a heavy-duty truck under various drive cycles and fault scenarios.Funding Agencies|ELLIIT; Sweden's innovation agency Vinnova through the project DELPHI</p