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Extreme fiction for leadership development
No full textHow can we understand the demands on leaders who will have to deal with extreme events that have not occurred before? This is becoming increasingly important as organizations need support to prepare for unknown, unprecedented, and unimaginable events. In a workshop with a police incident command team, we explore how extreme fiction—radically imaginative narratives of accidents, crises, and disasters—can help. To do this, we conducted a workshop with the team, responding to a scene from the apocalyptic television series The Walking Dead. We make two contributions. First, we show how extreme fiction can help to reimagine assumptions about crisis leadership. Specifically, we find that crisis leadership can benefit from weaknesses as it increases the response approach. Second, we find that extreme fiction creates engagement and reduces the reliance on simple, formulaic solutions that may be of little use in the future. This helps practitioners prepare and build resilience for handling surprising, unimaginable extreme events
Cost-effectiveness of neuropsychological rehabilitation for acquired brain injuries : update of Stolwyk et al.'s (2019) review
No full textAcquired brain injuries (ABI), resulting from stroke or traumatic brain injury, cause a range of neuropsychological impairments and many patients continue to experience neuropsychological deficits years after onset. The increasing average age of the population highlights the importance of effective management strategies for the consequences of ABI. Despite the well-documented impact of rehabilitation interventions, the cost-effectiveness of neuropsychological rehabilitation remains largely unknown. This study conducted a scoping review to update the findings of Stolwyk et al. (Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2021, 31, 316), focusing on the economic evaluations of neuropsychological rehabilitation for individuals with ABI. Following the PIO framework, PRISMA ScR guidelines, and systematic review reporting checklist, the review screened 1027 articles and included eight studies published between 2019 and 2024. The studies encompassed either language rehabilitation or general neuropsychological programs, including neuropsychological interventions. The economic analyses, including two cost-effectiveness, five cost-utility, and one cost–benefit study, mostly adhered to CHEERS guidelines, enhancing the transparency and methodological rigour of their reporting. These studies demonstrated varying degrees of cost-effectiveness for interventions targeting post-stroke language disorders and neuropsychological rehabilitation for ABI, with significant cost savings and health benefits observed, particularly for home-based rehabilitation interventions. The included studies suffered from a short time horizon, limiting the ability to capture the long-term economic impacts and effectiveness of the interventions. Future research should focus on longer-term follow-up data and include broader search strategies to enhance understanding and optimise health care interventions. A comprehensive implementation of these economic analyses is crucial for informing policymakers, enabling them to introduce rehabilitative interventions based on solid evidence
Municipal housing queues as a generator of housing inequalities between natives and immigrants in Sweden
No full textThe ongoing debate on Swedish municipal housing’s universalist characteristics has focused on declining supply, stricter access criteria, and changing tenant demographics. This study addresses a research gap by examining how Swedish municipal housing queues, prioritizing apartment allocation by registration duration, influence tenant selection. Using a unique dataset from Bostaden, Umeå’s municipal housing company, linked to register data, the study investigates factors influencing housing queue accumulation and usage, with a focus on immigrant background. It further analyses how immigrant background affects the timing of exiting the housing queue to secure apartments. Furthermore, the study explores how the immigrant background of individuals obtaining queue-assigned apartments influences neighbourhood demographics. The findings highlight the substantial challenges faced by immigrants, particularly those from the Global South, in terms of housing queue accumulation, utilization, and neighbourhood attainment. These insights reveal how housing queues, as seniority-based rationing mechanisms, contribute to the perpetuation of housing and socio-spatial inequalities in Swedish cities
Framing Facets of Social Participation: Older Adults’ Experiences of “Social Online Meetings”
No full textChanging demographics with an increased proportion of older adults indicate the need to develop new health-promoting interventions where the potential of digitization is considered. The aim was to explore and create an understanding of how social online meetings are experienced by older adults. Interviews with older adults generated data that were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. The participants were interviewed after participating in a digital health promotion group initiative provided in a municipality context. A core conceptual category and three subcategories reflected an intertwined process of discovering facets of social participation where internal reflections on personal values and needs were nurtured by an external driven process of becoming part of a group in an online context. Occupational therapists and other health and social care professionals need to consider the various facets of social participation when supporting older adults active and healthy aging.Validerad;2025;Nivå 2;2025-06-25 (u2);Full text license: CC BY</p
Tensions in Digital Transformation : How Prototype Work Links the Temporary and the Permanent
No full textDigital transformation projects often fail due to tensions that emerge between temporary project teams set to design digital transformation and the permanent organization where digital transformation is to be executed. As a potential organizational response to such tensions, we introduce the notion of prototype work; in other words, the actions and interactions facilitated by making prototypes. Through a real-time longitudinal study of a digital transformation project in a Swedish manufacturing firm we specify prototype work, addressing strategic tensions, temporal tensions, and cross-functional tensions at different loci of temporary–permanent interfaces and, in turn, how both temporary and permanent organizations are transitioned
Predictors of language and reading outcomes in 12-year-old children born very preterm
No full textAim: To investigate predictors of language and reading outcomes in 12-year-old Swedish children born very preterm (<32 gestational weeks) in 2004–2007. Method: Children born very preterm (n = 78, 43 girls), and term-born controls (n = 50, 32 girls), were examined on verbal IQ, semantic and phonemic fluency, sentence recall, reading fluency, word and phonological decoding at 12 years of age. The results were related to neonatal characteristics, language development, measured with Bayley-III, at 2.5 years corrected age, and concurrent non-verbal IQ. Results: Preterm children showed language and reading difficulties that were not completely accounted for by level of concurrent non-verbal IQ. Extremely preterm born children (<28 gestational weeks) demonstrated specific linguistic weaknesses. Administration of antenatal steroids, retinopathy of prematurity and persistent ductus arteriosus explained unique variance in language and reading outcomes. Language assessments at 2.5 years had low predictive value for language and reading outcomes at age 12. Conclusion: Language and reading difficulties in 12-year-old children born preterm were not fully explained by concurrent non-verbal IQ, and were not reliably predicted by language assessments at 2.5 years. Renewed language assessments at school age are warranted for identifying children with persisting linguistic difficulties.
The Multifaceted Seafarer: An Explorative Discourse Analysis of Seafarers’ Portrayals in Swedish Maritime Magazines
No full textSeafaring is a highly male‐dominated occupation. Within the industry, there is an ambition to increase the proportion of women working in maritime professions. In this endeavor, it is relevant to examine how seafarers are portrayed in various contexts. This study aimed to explore the image of seafarers as presented in Swedish maritime magazines: How are seafarers described, and can these descriptions be seen as performative in shaping a professional identity? To meet this aim, a discourse analysis was performed, based on 20 texts from two maritime magazines, representing both rating and officer seafarers. Overall, six subject positions inhabited by seafarers were identified, with several overlapping characteristics. For example, traits of the traditional seafarer were also found in the masculine seafarer and the flexible seafarer. Furthermore, it is argued that several of the subject positions are difficult to combine with what is referred to as the gender‐equal seafarer, mainly due to challenges in balancing family life with extended periods at sea. The study shows that today’s seafarers, according to how they are depicted in Swedish maritime magazines, have considerable agency in shaping their own professional identity without being forced to conform to a hegemonic masculinity. Finally, it is suggested that the term “seafarer” be used instead of “seaman” in both print and everyday conversations, for increased inclusiveness and representation
Decrease of excessive daytime sleepiness after shunt treatment for normal pressure hydrocephalus
No full textSleepiness and apathy are often reported in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus. However, research on outcomes after shunt surgery has mainly focused on the classical triad symptoms, that is, gait, cognition, and bladder dysfunction. This study aimed to describe the effects of shunt treatment on excessive daytime sleepiness and whether there was a relation to changes in ventricular volume. Pre- and postsurgical excessive daytime sleepiness was investigated using the Epworth sleepiness scale in a sample of 32 patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus who underwent shunt surgery. Data were gathered before surgery and at 1, 2, and 3 months after surgery and with different settings of the shunt. In the total sample, the Epworth sleepiness scale improved by a median of 1.5 points at 1 month after surgery, p = 0.026. The improvement was predominately found in the group (n = 6) with high presurgical daytime sleepiness (Epworth sleepiness scale >12) (median = 12 points, p = 0.035) compared with a median change of 0 points (p = 0.47) in the group with Epworth sleepiness scale ≤12 (n = 26). Between the postsurgical follow-ups, no further change in the Epworth sleepiness scale score was observed. The Epworth sleepiness scale score did not correlate with clinical tests nor with ventricular volume. Daytime sleepiness seems to be another domain of normal pressure hydrocephalus symptomatology in addition to the classical triad that is responsive to treatment, at least when pronounced. The Epworth sleepiness scale is a quick test to administer and could be a valuable addition to pre-surgical screening for treatable symptoms
Innovation ecosystems beyond construction projects – a case study of Swedish cross laminated timber building networks
No full textWhile innovation ecosystems have been proven effective for driving innovation in high-tech industries, their application in construction with cross laminated timber (CLT) products have received limited attention, with most studies adopting a broad perspective on ecosystems, encompassing the entire supply network around individual building projects. This study explores niche innovation ecosystems within the context of construction with CLT products. Data from 15 CLT-based building projects in mid Sweden were collected through observations and interviews and analysed using a method combining existing theory on innovation ecosystem structure with social network analysis. Innovation ecosystem structure was identified within five of the projects, encompassing two unique ecosystems. These ecosystems feature interorganisational links and actor-level expected value capture in two dimensions: value creation within the standard contractual framework of the projects and the innovation ecosystem superimposed on these projects. The novel method bridges the gap between innovation ecosystem research and CLT practices. The findings reveal that niche innovation ecosystems interact with CLT-based building projects through collaborative efforts across multiple projects and partners. These ecosystems feature alignment links that indicate both intra – and inter-project interdependencies, potentially driving innovation in construction. Role extensions within these ecosystems highlight the complexity and adaptability required in the construction industry.Validerad;2025;Nivå 2;2025-11-13 (u8);Funder: Swedish Wood Building Council (Sveriges Träbyggnadskansli);Fulltext license: CC BY</p
'Athletes', 'Talents', and 'Players' : Conceptual Distinctions and Considerations for Researchers and Practitioners
No full textA clearer understanding of, and tighter boundaries between, terms are important for researchers designing studies as well as for other sport stakeholders creating evidence-informed policies. This article considers the terms 'athlete', 'talent', and 'player' from psychological and sociocultural perspectives and in different sporting communities to highlight the importance of terminological clarity in sport research. We present considerations to clarify the use of these terms within different contexts and how the use of specific terms may affect knowledge mobilization in diverse sporting populations. A conceptual discussion is provided to help operationalize development-related terminology and its associated stages, to better reflect contemporary academic thought, and enhance practical interpretations. Importantly, we also call for greater transparency from researchers when presenting findings and encourage practitioners to clearly define key terms when working in sport. Our intention in this paper is to energize readers to consider how we use language in athlete identification and development contexts, to stimulate deeper thought and discourse around the possible implications these terms may have at any point of an individual's development in sport. Greater deliberation, identification, and acknowledgment of the drawbacks accompanying these terms will be needed before more confident assertions can be made on how researchers and practitioners could (or even should) implement certain terminology across youth sport contexts moving forward. This paper adds to a growing literature on the importance of clarity in terminology and acts as an impetus for those working in specific sports to co-design key terms used by researchers, practitioners, and policy makers