Jurnal Sylva Lestari
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Household Livelihood Strategy Based on Capital Assets in Fire-Prone Areas, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, South Sumatra
Full text linkForest and land fires are problems that have not been resolved and occur almost every year. Various policies related to forest and land fires began to be promoted nationally and have restricted communities in managing their land. This causes a vulnerability in society. Farmers are required to carry out various methods and strategies to overcome economic problems. This research aims to analyze the livelihood assets and livelihood strategies of farmer households. The study was conducted from February to June 2020 in Pulu Beruang Village, Tulung Selapan Sub-District, and Kayu Labu Village, Pedamaran Timur Sub-District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. This research is a survey research using a mixed sequential explanatory approach by using the triangulation principle.The quantitative data collection is done through a household survey using a questionnaire to 75 respondents in Pulu Beruang Village and 70 respondents in Kayu Labu Village.Qualitative data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), and field observation. The results showed that Pulu Beruang Village had a greater asset score in human capital and financial capital. In comparison, Kayu Labu Village had a greater score in natural capital. Physical capital and social capital in both villages had scores that were not distinctly different. Hence, they did not have a different effect on community resilience. Livelihood assets owned by the community influence their household livelihood strategies. The household livelihood strategy in Pulu Beruang Village uses human capital and financial capital, agricultural sector and non-agriculture, especially trading, and swallow’s nest business. Meanwhile, the livelihood strategies of farmers’ households in Kayu Labu Village rely on their natural capital and agricultural sectors, such as fisheries and purun crafts.Keywords: forest and land fires, livelihood asset, livelihood strategie
Produksi dan Laju Dekomposisi Serasah Ceriops tagal di Cagar Alam Tanjung Panjang (The Production and Decomposition Rate of Ceriops tagal Litter in Tanjung Panjang Nature Reserve)
No full textMangrove vegetation growsalong the coastal line and iscapable of thriving in salty water. Therefore, the study reported in this articlesought to describe the production and decomposition rate of Ceriops tagal litter in Tanjung Panjang Nature Reserve in Randangan Sub-District, Pohuwato District, Gorontalo Province. A survey method was employed, and a purposive sampling technique was used for selecting the research site. The data of litter production was collected using a litter trap of 2m x 1m. Decomposition data was collected using a litter bag sized of 1m x 1m. The results showed that litter production containing leaves at Station I reached 46%, twigs 40%, and fruits 14%. At Station II, the production of litter containing leaves reached 42%, twigs 45%, and fruits 13%. At Station III, the production of litter containing leaves reached 48%, twigs 43%, and fruits 9%. The decomposition rate (R) of C. tagal litter at each station was obtained with an average on the 14th day of 0.42 g, 0.75 g, and 0.77 g, respectively. On the 28th day, it was 0.75 g, 1.00 g, and 0.89 g; on the 42nd day was 1.13 g, 1.27 g, and 1.22 g; and on the 56th day was 1.48 g, 1.62 g, and 1.59 g. The ratio of the decomposition rate of C. tagal litter on day 14 to day 56 increased. This condition was influenced by several environmental factors, including salinity, which ranged from 4.5-6.3‰, ambient temperature at 27-28°C, dissolved oxygen at 2.0-5.0 mg/L, and soil pH between 5.9-8.0.Keywords: Ceriops tagal, decomposition rate, litter production, Pohuwat
Tree Health Management Strategy in Cianjur Urban Forest
Full text linkUrban forests have a high intensity of exposure from external factors such as air pollution and human activity disturbances. As a result, fallen trees and tree defects often occurred and can endanger the people around the city. This study aimed to assess tree health in Cianjur Urban Forest and formulate tree health management strategies. The tree health assessment used the Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) method. The management strategy was formulated using the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) Matrix and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). Tree sampling using FHM plots determined about 534 trees from 30 species. The results showed that Cianjur Urban Forest had high land productivity and biodiversity. The canopy condition was 86.41% in good condition. The results revealed that 92.70%, 5.34%, 1.31%, and 0.56% of the trees were in healthy, lightly, moderately, and heavily damaged conditions, respectively. The tree species that suffered the most damage was Acacia denticulosa. The most types of tree damage were leaf damage and rotten wood. Cianjur Urban Forest benefits the community as a place for natural tourism, sports, education, and expand job opportunities. However, the management of Cianjur Urban Forest has not been implemented effectively. There are three priority strategies to improve tree health management in Cianjur Urban Forest, i.e., conducting the assessment, evaluation, and action on damaged trees, community cooperation, institutional strengthening development programs, and optimizing collaboration and government commitment with managers.Keywords: Forest Health Monitoring, SWOT analysis, QSPM matrix, urban fores
Bio-Polyurethane Resins Derived from Liquid Fractions of Lignin for the Modification of Ramie Fibers
Full text linkIn this study, technical lignin from black liquor was used as a pre-polymer for the preparation of bio-polyurethane (Bio-PU) resins. Briefly, the isolated lignin was fractionated using ethyl acetate (EtAc) and methanol (MeOH). The liquid fractions of lignin, such as lignin-EtAc (L-EtAc) and lignin-methanol (L-MeOH), were mixed with 10% of polymeric isocyanate (based on the weight of liquid fractions) to obtain Bio-PU resins. The isolated lignin, fractionated lignin, and lignin-derived Bio-PU resins were characterized using several techniques. The obtained Bio-PU resins were then used to modify ramie fibers using vacuum impregnation method. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) revealed that the isolated lignin had quite similar characteristics to the lignin standard. Fractionation of lignin with EtAc and MeOH altered its characteristics. FTIR, DSC, and TGA showed that solid fractions of lignin had similar characteristics to lignin standard and isolated lignin, while the liquid fractions had characteristics from lignin and the solvents. The absorption band of isocyanate (−N=C=O) groups was shifted to 2285 cm−1 from 2240 cm−1 owing to the reaction with the −OH groups in lignin, forming urethane (R−NH−C=O−R) groups at 1605 cm−1 in Bio-PU resins. Thermal properties of Bio-PU resins derived from L-EtAc exhibited greater endothermic reaction compared to Bio-PU-L-MeOH. As a result, the free −N=C=O groups in Bio-PU resins have reacted with –OH groups on the surface of ramie fibers and improved its thermal properties. Modification of ramie fibers with Bio-PU resins improved the fibers’ thermal stability by 15% using Bio-PU-LEtAc for 60 min of impregnation.Keywords: Bio-polyurethane resins, Impregnation, Lignin fractions, Ramie fibers, Thermal stabilit
Effects on Morphology and Chemical Properties of Indonesian Bamboos by Carbonization
Full text linkA simple carbonization technique was applied to utilize Indonesian bamboo resources. Several bamboo species as betung (Dendrocalamus asper), andong (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea (Steudel) Widjaja), hitam (G. atroviolacea), tali (G. apus), kuning (Bambusa vulgaris var. striata), and ampel bamboo (B. Vulgaris Scharad) were selected for carbonization. Carbonization was conducted using a laboratory electrical furnace at 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1,000 1,000°C. The morphological and chemical properties of bamboos before and after carbonization were then analyzed. Betung, hitam, tali, kuning, and ampel bamboos had type IVstructure which was the most common bamboo structure, while andong bambo had type III structure. Cracks in the fiber bundle were observed and became more visible with the increase of carbonization temperature.The pH showed a similar trend in all species.As a result of the electric conductivity test, carbonized andong and kuning bamboo showed higher value due to rich inorganic content.Kuning bamboo has a high value of potassium and silica content, which are suitable for use as fertilizer.The chemical structure transition of bamboo during the carbonization process was analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy, and significant changes were observed between 400 and 600°C. These results could be useful fundamental data for promoting high value-added bamboo utilization and improving research in Indonesian bamboo.Keywords: bamboo charcoal, carbonization, Indonesian bamboo, inorganic content, FTI
Hubungan Letak Aksial dan Variasi Ketebalan Papan terhadap Penyusunan Skedul Pengeringan Kayu Cemara Gunung (Casuarina Junghuhniana Miq.) (Relationship Between Axial Location and Board Thickness Variation on the Development of Drying Schedule of Cemara Gunung (Casuarina Junghuhniana Miq.))
No full textThe research aimed to determine drying characteristics, developing drying schedule, and its relationship to the axial position of the sample on the stem, board thickness, specific gravity, and percentage of heartwood.This research used cemara gunung (Casuarina junghuhniana Miq.) as samples with 6 replications and 2 factors that are the axial location (bottom, middle, and top) and board thickness (2 cm, 3 cm, and 4 cm). The drying schedule development followed the Terazawa Method, in which the samples were dried within a temperature of 100°C for 72 h. The proper schedule was then applied and evaluated. The research obtained 11 variations of the drying schedule.The chi-square analysis results indicated that the board thickness and percentage of heartwood were significantly correlated with the development of the drying schedule. The drying schedule using board thickness of 2 cm, 3 cm, and 4 cm can be dried with an initial temperature of 60°C, 50°C, and 47°C, respectively. The wet-bulb depression was 4°C, 2°C, and 2°C, respectively, and the final temperature was 90°C, 80°C,and 65°C, respectively. Keywords: axial, board-thickness, Casuarina junghuhniana, drying-schedule, Terazawa metho
The Involvement of Local Community in Mangrove Forest Conservation in West Kalimantan
Full text linkMangrove forest conservation on the coast of West Kalimantanhas been successfully carried out and saved the environment from coastal abrasion (ecological benefit) and provided economic benefits for the community. This study aims to describe the role of the community in mangrove conservation activities in the coastal areas of West Kalimantan. Survey methods were used in this research. The data was collected through interviews based on questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Data processing was conducted by calculating the percentage and then analyzed by tabulation. Mangrove conservation activities are based on community experiences in saving the environment, boosting economic activities, and obtaining benefits from conservation results. The involvement of the local community uses the bottom-up approach, starting from planning activities, implementation, utilization, and evaluation. In general, the local community’s level of involvement is still at the information and consultation stage. The involvement of the local community as an individual varies greatly, from those who are only involved as part of formality to the level of being actively involved, having decision-making authority, and being able to negotiate and deal directly with capital sources. It occurs due to the varying capacity of each individual. Keywords: forest conservation, local community, mangrov
