JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia)
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Recovery of Valuable Metals from Fly Ash via Hydrometallurgy Method for Li-ion Battery Anode Material
Full text linkCoal-derived fly ash, or CFA, is a harmful waste for humans. CFA waste handling by its processing and utilization has become the most promising approach, which not only decreases the waste's hazard level but also improves its economic potential. This research aims to recover metals from CFA and utilize them as anode material for Li-ion batteries. Iron, magnesium, aluminum, and calcium are retrieved from the CFA via a two-step hydrometallurgical method, i.e., acid leaching followed by alkaline precipitation. The leaching process utilizes various acids, such as acetic acid (CH3COOH), hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Metal precipitation is carried out using sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH). Morphological and quantitative metal composition analysis are investigated using a scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). The physical and chemical properties of the as-prepared samples are characterized using Fourier-transformed Infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) and Thermal Gravimetry-Differential Thermal Analysis (TG/DTA). Based on the analysis, iron, magnesium and calcium are successfully recovered in a mixed hydroxide precipitate. The type of acid affects the final morphology and composition of the product. Therefore, our approach can be considered effective in CFA waste processing and producing high-quality product
The Effect of Integrated Instagram and Tiktok Learning Media With PBL Learning Model on Increasing Student Learning Outcomes on The Topic of Qualitative Analysis of Cation
Full text linkInformation and communication technology development demands a transformation of education, especially in fulfilling innovation in learning media. Learning media is an urgent means of teaching and learning chemistry. Students' skills can be developed by increasing motivation and collaboration through digital technology. This research aims to determine the effect of the integrated Instagram (IG) and TikTok with the PBL learning model on student learning outcomes in qualitative analysis courses. The research method used was a quasi-experimental research design with a Pretest-Posttest Control Group design. The sample used came from a 2nd-year undergraduate student, Department of Chemistry, the State University of Malang, which consisted of 4 classes, two control classes with 44 students and two experimental classes with 50 students. Data analysis used preliminary tests and hypothesis testing. The preliminary test of the research data showed that the data were not normally distributed, so the hypothesis test used the Mann-Whitney test. The results of the hypothesis test show the Asymp value. Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.021 (0.021<0.05), it can be concluded that the use of integrated IG and TikTok learning media with the PBL learning model can increase student learning outcomes of 2nd-year undergraduate students on qualitative analysis of catio
Metal Ion Complex Compound Fe(III) with Pyrazoline Derivative Ligand as Cd(II) and Zn(II) Heavy Metal Ion Sensor Based on Fluorescence
Full text linkThe purpose of this research is to synthesize the complex compound of ion Fe3+ with para-di-2-(1-phenyl-3-pyridyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-5-yl)benzene ligand and its potentials as the sensor of Cd2+ and Zn2+ heavy metal ions based on fluorescence. Complex compounds are characterized with a Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrophotometer, Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) Spectrophotometer and Spectrofluorometer. Then, a complex compound fluorosensor study is conducted by adding Cd2+ and Zn2+ heavy metal ions using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer and Spectrofluorometer. The results show that the synthesis of the complex compound formed by reacting Fe metal and pyrazoline derived ligands generates brown precipitate with a yield of 51.25% and a range of melting points of 252.2-253.2 . The result of characterization with FTIR (cm-1) generates 3380.20 (tertiary amine), 2922.31-2852.42 (C-H pyridine), 2360.38 (C=C aromatic), 1595.93-1451.88 (C=N), 1232.25-982.66 (C-N pyrazoline), 751.61-690.29 (C-H aromatic) and 366.54-339.44 (Fe-N). The Uv-Vis spectrophotometer study with a concentration of 5x10-5 M showed two absorption peaks at 246 nm, 354 nm, and 440 nm. The resulting fluorescence intensity of 813.1 a.u. at the wavelenght of 500 nm. The study of complex compound fluorescence shows that the addition of Cd2+ heavy metal ion can be made as fluorosensor with turn-on (enhancement) type, while the complex compound in the addition of Zn2+ heavy metal ion can be made as fluorosensor with turn off-on (quenching-enhancement) type
A Green Synthesis of Acetyl Eugenol by Sonochemical Method and Potential as Anti-Inflammatory In-Vitro
Full text linkClove oil is an essential oil from the clove plant (Syzygium aromaticum) containing eugenol compounds. One of the properties of eugenol is as an anti-inflammatory with a mechanism of inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis and neutrophil chemotaxis. Several derivatives of eugenol have active compounds that have been developed into new drug compounds as anti-inflammatory such as acetyl eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenyl acetate). This study aims to determine the % yield of acetyl eugenol produced from synthesis using ultrasonic 0.0323 mol of eugenol added to Erlenmeyer, and 0.25 mol of 10% sodium hydroxide was added. The mixture was put in a sonicator for 15 minutes and heated at 600C. Then, 0.0974 mol acetic anhydride was reacted with DCC, added to the mix and sonicated with time variations (60, 80, and 100 minutes). The chemical structure was elucidated using FTIR, ATR, and GC-MS. The synthesized % yield is 32.75%. Based on the interpretation data from FTIR, 3405 cm-1 is an O-H group (free phenol), 1405 cm-1 is an alkene group (C=C) aliphatic, and 1560 cm-1 is an aromatic compound with the presence of a C=C aromatic bond. The presence of the (C-O) ether group is indicated in the wave number at 1301 cm-1. The C=O ester bond in the ester group is shown at 1700 cm-1. GC-MS shows that the synthesized compound has a molecular ion with m/z = 206. According to the molecular weight of acetyl eugenol of 206 g/mol, it can be concluded that acetyl eugenol was successfully synthesized. The most stable ionic fragment, 37, has a molecular weight of m/z = 164. The activities of anti-inflammatory, acetyl eugenol compounds at 400 concentration ppm get % inhibition of 32.20%.Â
Revealing Chemical Misconceptions Through The Microteaching Process in The Era of The Covid-19 Pandemic
Full text linkUnlimited access to information during the Covid-19 pandemic allows students with limited basic knowledge to experience misconceptions. Misconception happens because there are no adequate filters for many students, and there is no guarantee of content validity by information providers. This research aim is to show the misconceptions experienced by pre-service chemistry teachers. This research is a qualitative design with the case study method. This research used a naturalistic paradigm framework. The study was conducted for one semester of the 2020/2021 academic year for 16 meeting courses. The research participants consisted of pre-service chemistry teachers who were taking microteaching courses. Researchers are the main instrument. Data were collected through observation, focus group discussions (FGD), and document media analysis. The results showed six chemical misconceptions. Five misconceptions are non-proposition statements, and one is a chemical representation. Two of the six misconceptions found are resistant. Misconceptions that originate from written media and structured writing are difficult to overcome. Based on the study results, misconceptions about prerequisite concepts need to be eliminated before learning a new concept. Pre-service chemistry teachers need to use learning resources from the author's work according to their field of expertise. They have gone through the review and validation stages to avoid misconceptions
Effectiveness of The Guided Inquiry-Based Flipped Classroom Learning System on Buffer Solution Materials on Students’ Learning Outcomes
Full text linkThis study aims to reveal the effectiveness of the Guided Inquiry-based Flipped Classroom learning System on the buffer solution material on student learning outcomes. This research was conducted with a non-equivalent control group design using a sample of 72 students divided into a control group and an experimental group. The instrument used in this study was a test of students learning outcomes in the form of a written test for student assessment. The test is carried out by giving pretest (Pretest) and posttest (Posttest) questions that have adjusted to the learning objectives. Based on the study's results, the N-Gain Value found in the experimental class was higher than in the control class, with values of 0.82 and 0.70 respectively. From the results of the t-test using the Microsoft Excel application, tcount is 2.47, and the ttable with a significance level of 0.05 is 1.99, so tcount  value is greater than ttablevalue. So can be concluded that using the flipped classroom learning system based on guided inquiry on buffer materials effective improves student learning outcome
Ethnochemistry Study of The Use of Plants as Traditional Medicine In The Community of Samadua District, South Aceh Regency
Full text linkResearch on the ethnochemistry study of using plants as traditional medicine in the Samadua District community has been conducted. In general, there are two ways to use plants as medicine: internal medicine (oral) and external medicine (topical). This type of research is descriptive qualitative with an ethnographic approach that aims to determine the types, benefits, processing methods, and chemical content of plants used as internal medicine by the people of Samadua District. Data collection techniques in this study were observation, interviews, and documentation. The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling, namely by conducting interviews with herbal practitioners, community leaders, and users. The results showed that in Samadua District, 54 plants were used by the community to treat diabetes, high blood pressure, cough, gout, cholesterol, diarrhea, and other complaints. Medicinal plants are processed by boiling, grinding, kneading, eating, making juice, or brewing. The most processing method is boiling at 46.34%, while the least is brewing at 1.21%. Plants can be used as drugs because they contain certain chemicals produced from secondary metabolites. The chemical constituents of these medicinal plants include flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, glycosides, vitamins, steroids, and essential oils. Ethnochemistry studies combine public opinion with science regarding the effectiveness of plants considered useful as drugs based on the chemical compounds contained in these plants
Antipyretic Activity of Ethanol Fraction of Pandan Laut Leaves (Pandanus odorifer) against Male Mice (Mus musculus) Induced by DPT-HB Vaccine
Full text linkFever is a condition where the body temperature exceeds 37 °C caused by disease or inflammation resulting from a viral or bacterial infection. People consume synthetic drugs or commonly called antipyretics, to treat fever. This study aims to determine the antipyretic activity of the Ethanol fraction of sea Pandanus leaves (Pandanus odorifer) against male mice (mus musculus) induced by the DPT-HB vaccine. Sample extraction was done by the maceration method with various solvent polarities (non-polar; n-Hexane, semi-polar; Ethyl Acetate, polar; Ethanol). All three fractions were tested for their secondary metabolites of Flavonoids with antipyretic activity. In addition, an antipyretic activity test was carried out on male mice induced by the DPT-HB vaccine-induced by an intramuscular method in the lower abdomen. An infrared thermometer (ANENG AN201) measured the mice's body temperatures every 30 minutes for 180 minutes after induction. Phytochemical identification results show that the n-Hexane fraction contains Tannins and Steroids as secondary metabolites. The Ethyl Acetate fraction contains Tannins, Triterpenes, Steroids, and the Ethanol fraction contains Tannins, Triterpenes, Steroids, Saponins, and Flavonoids. The antipyretic activity test results show that the Ethanol fraction of sea Pandanus leaves (Pandanus odorifer) has the potential to be antipyretic against mice (Mus musculus), and the most effective antipyretic effect was found in infraction with a dose of 600 mg/kg body weight
Developing Animation Video-based Demonstration Experiments in Teaching Solubility and Solubility Product Materials
No full textEducation in the 21st century is learning to prepare a generation that prioritizes advances in information and communication technology (ICT) as a medium for students to develop products in the form of animated videos, demonstrations and experiments. This study aims to produce valid, interesting, and effective learning media. This research is an ADDIE development research with five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The subjects in this study were three high school students with 60 students and three teachers and two validators—data collection instruments in questionnaires and tests. The data analysis technique in this research and development is a descriptive statistical analysis technique of percentages to process data from the validator's assessment, student responses and test results. Qualitative descriptive describes data in the form of suggestions and comments from the validator. The animation video media validation results obtained an average score of material expert validation, and media expert validation obtained a percentage of 84%, classified as very good. The results of the student response questionnaire to the learning media obtained a percentage of 86% with an exciting category. Finally, the test results obtained 100% results with effective criteria where all students met the minimum standard of completeness set by the school, namely 76 for chemistry subjects
Molecular Docking of 6-shogaol and Curcumin on DNMT1 and LSD1 As Potential Agents for Thalassemia Treatment
Full text linkBeta-thalassemia therapy is developed by increasing γ-globin production which binds to α-globin to form haemoglobin fetal (HbF). Meanwhile, DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) play an important role in silencing the HbF gene by inhibiting the production of HbF and inducing haemoglobin subunit alpha (HbA) expression. 6-Shogaol and curcumin induce HbF by inhibiting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) expression. Therefore, this study predicts the interaction between 6-shogaol and curcumin on DNMT1 and LSD1. The protein structure of DNMT1 (3SWR) and LSD1 (6KGP) was prepared by removing the water molecules, while the validation step was performed by separating protein from native ligands (sinefungin for 3SWR and flavine-adenine dinucleotide (FAD) for 6KGP) in new protein data bank files. Furthermore, the protein was docked with a native ligand to obtain grid box coordinates, while the root means standard deviation (RMSD) was calculated from the conformation results of the validation process. 6-Shogaol and curcumin were docked with coordinates of the validation results, and the best conformation was visualized with Discovery Studio. The validation step results in the RMSD value of 0.861Å and 1.410Å for DNMT1 and LSD1, respectively. The binding affinity of 6-shogaol and curcumin on DNMT1 was -6.5 kcal/mol and -8.0 kcal/mol, respectively. Furthermore, the binding affinity of 6-shogaol and curcumin on LSD1 was -8.2 kcal/mol and -10.1 kcal/mol, respectively. Amino acid residues found in DNMT1 interaction include Gly1147, Phe1145, Glu1168, Asn1278, Pro1225, Leu1151, Val1580, Ala1579, Asn1578, Trp1170, and Ala1579; meanwhile, Val288, Ser289, Arg310, Gly285, Thr624, Leu659, Lys661, Arg316, Leu625, Tyr761, Trp751, Gly330, and Leu659 were found in LSD1. This study showed that curcumin has the potential to inhibit DNMT1 as well as LSD1 proven by lower bonding energy and stronger bond types compared to sinefungin and FAD native ligands and other DNMT1 and LSD1 inhibitors