JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia)
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Optimizing of Competitive Adsorption Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange using Natural Zeolite from Ende-Flores
Get PDFWaste from the textile industry is considered a potential source of environmental pollution, especially water, because it contains dangerous dyes. In this research, natural zeolite is an effective and efficient alternative to overcome pollution caused by methylene blue and methyl orange dyes. Activation of natural zeolite was carried out with 3 M HCl solution and was characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Simultaneously, the methylene blue and methyl orange adsorption processes were studied in variations in the weight of the adsorbent, contact time, and pH. The concentration of dyes left in the solution was observed with UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of natural zeolite in absorbing methylene blue was 21.189 mg / g and methyl orange was 18.208 mg / g. The optimum conditions of dyes adsorption are achieved with successive adsorbent weights 0.3 g and 0,4 g, following contact times 60 minutes and 90 minutes, and successive pH 6 and 2. The adsorbent weight factor, contact time, and pH affect the adsorption of dyes by natural zeolite from Ende
Antioxidant Potency of Cassumunin A-C Compounds from Bangle Rhizome (Zingiber cassumunar) by Molecular Docking on Human ROS-1 kinase Receptors
Get PDFAntioxidants play an role in human health by fighting oxidative stress and preventing chronic disease. Nowadays, molecular docking is used  Bangle rhizome (Zingiber cassumunar) has  a derivative of curcuminoid, cassumunin A, cassumunin B, and cassumunin C. This study was designed to determine the value of binding affinities between cassumunins ligands on human ROS1 kinase receptors, related to their antioxidant activity with ascorbic acid and tocopherol. One set of computational programs is Autodock Tools, Biovia Discovery Studio, and Command Prompt has prepared. These docking results presented the binding affinity values of cassumunin A, cassumunin B, cassumunin C, ascorbic acid, and tocopherol were -9.4 kcal/mol, -9.7 kcal/mol, -9.0 kcal/mol, -5.2 kcal/mol, and -8.1 kcal/mol respectively. RMSD value for the five ligands was ≤ 2Å, showed the validity of the docking results. Cassumunin A-C compound higher affinity compared to ascorbic acid and tocopherol. Based on this computational study, cassumunin A-C the potential compounds to be developed as potent antioxidant agents from natural resources
FLUOROSENSOR OF Hg2+ AND Cu2+ HEAVY METAL IONS FROM COMPLEX COMPOUND OF Co2+ AND para-di-2-(1-phenyl-3-pyridyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-5-yl)benzene LIGAND
Get PDFIndustrial activities like waste disposals and domestic activities may produce wastes in form of heavy metal like Hg2+ and Cu2+. The purpose of this research is to synthesize the complex compound of metal ion Co2+ and para-di-2-(1-phenyl-3-pyridyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-5-il)benzene ligand and its potentials as the fluorosensor of Hg2+ and Cu2+ heavy metal ions. Complex compounds are characterized with fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer, and spectrofluorometer. After that, complex compound fluorosensor study is conducted by adding Hg2+ and Cu2+ heavy metal ions using spectrofluorometer. The results show that the synthesis of complex compound generates brownish yellow sediment with the yield of 36% and melting point of 243.2oC. The result of characterization with FTIR (KBr, cm-1) generates 3060.65 (C-H aromatic), 2851-2919.46 (C-H pyridine), 2363.23 and 1640.14 (C=N), 1493.24-1594.5 (C=C), and 1326.38-1019.74 (C-N). The result of ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer scanning obtains two absorption peaks on 250 nm and 366 nm in the concentration of 5x10-5 M with the respective molar absorptivity of log Æ 4.44 and log Æ 4.23. High molar absorptivity value shows that the complex compound has high fluorescence intensity. It is proven with the generation of emission fluorescence intensity of 1150 a.u. at the wavelength of 470 nm. The study of complex compound fluorescence in the addition of Hg2+ and Cu2+ heavy metal ions with spectrofluorometer shows that the complex compound in the addition of Hg2+ heavy metal ion can be made as fluorosensor with turn-on type while the complex compound in the addition of Cu2+ heavy metal ion can be made as fluorosensor with turn-off type
Adsorption of Anionic and Cationic Dyes in Batik Wastewater Using Biomass Adsorbents: Literature Review
Get PDFThis literature review aims to determine: 1. the content of chemical compounds in biomass waste, 2. the modification methods of biomass waste to be used as an adsorbent, 3. the suitable parameters for adsorbing anionic and cationic dyes. This literature review was conducted by Seven Steps Comprehensive Literature Review and reviewed 41 articles with the filtration processes. First, the search results using certain keywords in the Google Scholar database obtained 449 articles. Selection by year of publication (2016-2020), becomes 295 articles. Selection by duplicate and irrelevant articles, becomes 56 articles. Selection by publication type, becomes 47 articles. Lastly, full-text article screening becomes 41 articles. The results of this literature review show that: 1. Sources of biomass adsorbents include tea waste, peanut shells, cassava dregs, cassava peels, oil palm empty bunches, coffee grounds, corn cobs and coconut shavings. The content of chemical compounds in biomass waste include cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The highest content of cellulose was found in peanut shells at 63,5%; hemicellulose was in coffee grounds at 40,55%; and lignin was in wood shavings at 17-35%. The content of cellulose in the adsorbent source affects the adsorption ability of the adsorbent produced. 2. The modification methods of biomass adsorbent include carbonization, physical and chemical activation, and nanocomposites. The adsorption capacity of the adsorbents made by the carbonization-activation, chemical activation, and nanocomposite manufacturing method are 102,77 – 332,6 mg/g; 26,67 – 236,6 mg/g; and 12,42 mg/g, respectively. 3. Parameters that affect the adsorption of anionic and cationic dyes are pH, contact time, adsorbent mass, and initial concentration of the adsorbate solution. The optimum conditions for anionic dyes adsorption by biomass adsorbents occurred at pH 2-4, contact time 30 – 40 minutes, 0,1 – 0,2 g of adsorbent mass, and initial concentration 80 – 100 mg/L. While the optimum conditions for cationic dyes adsorption occurred at pH 5-9, contact time 60 – 90 minutes, 0,2 – 0,3 g of adsorbent mass, and initial concentration 100 – 120 mg/L
The Development of Dusting Method for Dragon Fruit Peel as Fingerprint Visualization
Get PDFVarious fingerprint powder preparations used for fingerprints have a color or contrast and a sticky material for good adhesion. However, some chemical substrates used for fingerprint powders are toxic and have the potential to harm health. This research is essential to overcome this problem using a new natural powder , namely dragon fruit peel powder, as a latent fingerprint development that was simple, non-toxic, and cheaper than commercial used fingerprint powder. Fingerprint development was carried out on non-porous surfaces (aluminium foil, CD, glass preparations) and porous surfaces (HVS paper, spectra paper, paperboard). This study used 90 fingerprint samples based on ethnicity (Batak, Javanese, Malay), blood type, and gender. The development of fingerprints using dragon fruit peel powder resulted in clear visualization on the surface of aluminium foil and glass preparations with sizes of 100 and 200 mesh. Meanwhile, fingerprints on the paper surface resulted in poor visualization because the protrusions of the fingerprints were not visible. The most dominant fingerprint patterns based on ethnicity, blood group, and gender were the loop pattern, then the whorl, and the smallest arch, respectively.Â
Impact of Forest Fires in Sumatra and Kalimantan to Atmospheric Pollution During Period Of 2010-2015
Get PDFcontribute significantly. Pollutant emissions caused by forest fires comprising CO, SO2 and dust (PM10). This paper will be analyzed estimates of pollutant emissions in both Kalimantan and Sumatra using the estimation method based on the amount of material burned. Estimates of the emissions and dispersion of pollutants such as particulates, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide were investigated. Distribution and concentration of pollutants used time series of monthly data and spatial map based on satellite data. Extensive data from the 2010-2014 forest fires data from the ministry of the environment and forestry (KLHK) and forest fire data period 2015 from LAPAN. Pollutant concentration data used AIRS on satellite data, OMI satellite and MERRA during 2010-2011 and in 2014-2015, adjusted to the data in situ vast wildfires for both regions. The results of estimation of pollutant emissions in Sumatra shows emissions from forest fires for the period of 2010 greater than in 2011, reaching 9 tons of CO per year, while emissions from fires and plantations during 2011 were higher than in 2010 with a very high value of 150 Tons/year for pollutants CO. In Kalimantan, emissions from forest fires during 2010-2011 CO emissions highest in West Kalimantan 11.13 tons/year and South Kalimantan 12.14 tons of CO per year. Emissions from fires and plantations in South Kalimantan reached 32.11 tons/year. Â
Synthesis of Na-CMC Modified Cellulose Membrane From Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) Rods Against Cr (VI) Metal Adsorption
Get PDFMetal ion Cr (VI) is a type of heavy metal waste that is dangerous, so we need a method to reduce the level of pollution. The separation method using a cellulose membrane is an effective method to reduce the level of Cr (VI) metal pollution, by utilizing natural materials such as water hyacinth plants which are known to contain high enough cellulose. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of concentration variations with time variations on the adsorption capacity of Cr (VI) metal ions from Na-CMC modified cellulose membranes from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) stems. This research uses experimental research methods, the steps that have been carried out are sample treatment, extraction, bleaching, hydrolysis, Na-CMC modified cellulose membranes. Data analysis was performed by sample characterization test using the FTIR Spectroscopy method and for metal content analysis using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) method. The results showed that there was an effect of concentration variations and time variations on the adsorption capacity of Cr (VI) metal ions. At the concentration variation with the largest adsorption capacity of 1.24 mg/gram occurred at a concentration of 30 mg/L and at the time variation the largest adsorption capacity of 0.917 mg/gram occurred at 30 minutes. The results respectively of FTIR showed functional groups O-H, C-H, and C-O in non-modified cellulose and there was no significant effect after the addition of Na-CMC, as evidenced by the similar FTIR spectrum without any shift or new peaks appearing.Â
Developing Small Scale Chemistry Practicum Module to Identify Students’ Ability in Predict-Observe- Explain (POE) Implementation
Get PDFChemistry practicum does not have to be complicated and requires expensive apparatus and chemicals, and is considered not environmentally friendly. The concept of small scale chemistry practicum is one of appropriate technology that is packaged elegantly to introduce and embed the principles of green chemistry in every chemistry experiments, and also to enhance the concepts of chemistry through verification and scientific discovery. This study aims to create the newest product, the small scale chemistry practicum module to identify the ability of the students of chemistry education study program, Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta in formulating predictions on phenomenon based on the insights they have, making direct observations through small scale chemistry practicum, and explaining the results of observations and emphasis on concepts in detail and depth. This research is the development research with the model of Analysis, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate (ADDIE). Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis and Rasch Model. The results of the study show that the product developed has a perfect and feasible level of readability to be tested. From the content aspect, it presented in perfect criteria, as well as the construction aspect and aspect of language, also shows good value. The students already have quite an excellent ability to predict (average score= 76), observe (average score= 88.5), and explain (average score 87.5). Also, it was noted that students enthusiastically applied POE, and the results of POE students show good person reliability value (0.88) in small scale chemistry experiments. The product developed has been valid, effective, and practical for use in experiments according to experts and teachers, and good student responses (Cronbach's alpha value= 0.92) to the product
Carbon Ink Characterization from Banana and Cassava Peels by Carbonization Method
Get PDFBanana and cassava plants are the most growing plants in the world. The use of both plant's peel is usually for animal feed. This research is intended to utilize banana and cassava peel as a raw material of whiteboard ink markers by varying concentration of the carbons to see its effect on the characteristics of the ink. The carbon concentration variations are 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, and 45 g, which is dissolved in 100 ml of the solution. The steps of this research include the carbonization of banana or cassava peel, and then its carbon powder is sifted by 200 mesh. The powder will be dissolved in 50 ml of Arabic gum 10%, 15 ml of PEG-7, and 35 ml of alcohol 70%, then the solution stirred until homogeneous. The result showed that the addition of the Banana or cassava peels carbon concentration effect on the value of density, viscosity, pH, and pigment ink. The characteristic whiteboard ink markers from the banana peel that accordance with the commercial ink. It is consists of 30% Banana peel carbon concentration with a density value of 1.0077 g/cm3, viscosity value of 6.2049 cP, pH value of 10.55, and the ink pigment are close enough with the commercial refill ink. While the characteristic from cassava consists of 35% cassava peel carbon concentration with a density value of 1.0893 g/cm3, viscosity value of 15,2427 cP, pH value of 8,75, and the ink pigment are close enough with the commercial in
The Comparison of Spectrophotometric and TLC-Densitometric for DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity Analysis of Three Medicinal Plant Extracts
Get PDFIn this research, Thin Layer Chromatography-Densitometry has proven to be a good method for analyzing 1, 1 diphenyl 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, since this approach displayed the similar trends with UV-Vis spectrophotometric method. Three medicinal plants collected from Semarang used to evaluate both methods. The IC50 value ranged from 25.26 - 4913.74 ppm shown by UV-Vis spectrophotometric and 24.74 – 4674.61 ppm using TLC-Densitometric. Meniran Dechlorophyllated (Phyllanthus niruri) provides the strongest antioxidant activity and the weakest de-chlorophylated parsley (Petroselinum crispum). The paired sample t-test points from a non-dechlorophylation extract using the TLC densitometry test significantly gives a lower IC50 value than the UV spectrophotometry method-has. The maximum increase of peak area under the UV light 365 nm up to 56.08 %. This evidence supports the presumption that the scavenging radical DPPH caused not only decreasing the maximum absorbance under UV light 516 nm but also increasing the absorbance under UV light ± 365 nm