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Macroprocesso implantação assistida de programas de avaliação da conformidade [slides]
No full text41 slides : il.Apresentação ministrada, em 18 de abril de 2012, no Curso sobre os Requisitos Gerais de Certificação de Produtos (RGCP), na Federação das Indústrias do Estado de São Paulo (FIESP), com o objetivo de capacitar o setor produtivo para a elaboração de minutas de Requisitos de Avaliação da Conformidade (RAC), visando aumentar a capacidade do Inmetro no desenvolvimento de Programas de Avaliação da Conformidade
Gut bacterial communities in the giant land snail achatina fulica and their modification by sugarcane-based diet
No full text6 p. : il.The invasive land snail Achatina fulica is one of the most damaging agricultural pests worldwide representing a potentially
serious threat to natural ecosystems and human health. This species is known to carry parasites and harbors a dense and
metabolically active microbial community; however, little is known about its diversity and composition. Here, we assessed for the first time the complexity of bacterial communities occurring in the digestive tracts of field-collected snails (FC) by
using culture-independent molecular analysis. Crop and intestinal bacteria in FC were then compared to those from groups
of snails that were reared in the laboratory (RL) on a sugarcane-based diet. Most of the sequences recovered were novel and
related to those reported for herbivorous gut. Changes in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were
observed when the snails were fed a high-sugar diet, suggesting that the snail gut microbiota can influence the energy
balance equation. Furthermore, this study represents a first step in gaining a better understanding of land snail gut
microbiota and shows that this is a complex holobiont system containing diverse, abundant and active microbial communities
Bone-nanohydroxyapatite spheres interface evaluation by synchrotron radiation X-ray microfluorescence
No full text6 p. : il.Hydroxyapatite (HA) is largely used as bone graft; it seems to be the most promising synthetic implant material, mainly because of its excellent biocompatibility. The crystallinity, particle and pore size of HA are important characteristics and can be modified by decreasing basic structural form below 100nm and have evoked a great amount of attention for improving prevention, diagnosis, and disease treatment, besides improving bone repair through the biodegradation of the material. The aim of this study was to investigate bone mineral content in bone samples with nanohydroxyapatite and HA spheres, specially
its spatial distribution on bone microarchitecture. Circular bone defects were made in both tibiae of 12 White New Zeland adult rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and were divided randomly into five groups – blood clot (control group), sintered HA,
non-sintered HA, sintered nanoHA and non-sintered nanoHA – all materials in spherical shape, to smooth handling and accommodation of the surgical bed, and to minimize inflammatory response. The rabbits were euthanatized according to the experimental period of 1 and 4 weeks after surgery. The samples were evaluated by polarized microscopy as well as X-ray microfluorescence in order to account the bone mineral content bone-implant interfaces, through synchrotron radiation.
Our results revealed greater newly formed bone area in the non-sintered materials and control groups, and the used technique
showed that the amount of calcium of new bone was consistent with both mature bone and HA spheres. In conclusion, the present findings suggest that HA-based biomaterials are biocompatible, promote osteoconduction and favored bone repair
Monte Carlo simulation for the evaluation of measurement uncertainty of pharmaceutical certified reference materials
No full text7 p. : il.O suplemento do Guia para a Expressão da Incerteza de Medição (GUM) publicado em 2008, o qual trata da propagação de distribuições, encoraja o uso do método de Monte Carlo (MC) para a estimativa de incerteza de medição. Este artigo descreve a aplicação deste método para estimativa da incerteza de medição do teor de ingredientes ativos farmacêuticos em dois novos materiais de referência certificados (MRC): metronidazol e captopril. Os resultados obtidos pelo método de Monte Carlo e pelo método tradicional (GUM) mostraram concordância considerando um valor crítico δ de 0,005 para metronidazol e 0,05 para captopril. Deste modo, o método de Monte Carlo validou os resultados obtidos pelo método tradicional (GUM) para a expressão do teor dos fármacos com no mínimo duas casas decimais._________________________________.ABSTRACT - The supplemental Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty Measurement (2008), which deals with the propagation of distributions, encourages the use of the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) for estimating the uncertainty of measurands. This paper describes the application of this method to estimate the measurement uncertainty of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) mass fractions of two certified reference materials (CRMs): metronidazole and captopril. The Monte Carlo results complied with the GUM results in terms of the critical value δ of 0.005 for metronidazole and 0.05 for captopril. Therefore, the Monte Carlo method validated the GUM through the expression of the API mass fraction with at least two decimal places
Atomic timekeeping
No full text1 pôster : il.O pôster CRONOMETRISTA ATÔMICO explica o funcionamento do relógio atômico na teoria e na prática. Destaca a importância da exatidão destes relógios e o esforço em construir instrumentos com incertezas cada vez menores. A diferença entre os métodos de medição do tempo empregados por metrologistas e astrônomos é discutida e a explicação sobre padrões quânticos auxilia esta compreensão. Uma cronologia é construída de 3500 AC até 2004, do relógio solar ao chafariz de césio, com dados sobre a precisão da medição do tempo que vai de dez segundos por dia a um segundo por 60 milhões de anos. O segundo (s) é a unidade de base do SI para a grandeza tempo. ______________________.ABSTRACT - The spinning Earth gives our most basic measurement of time - the day - and for thousands of years it was our most stable timekeeper.
However, the quartz and atomic clocks invented during the 1930s and 1950s are even better timekeepers which show that the Earth does not rotate steadily but wobbles!
NPL built the world's first working caesium atomic clock in 1955 and paved the way for a new and better definition of the second based on the fundamental properties of atoms
Program matching through code analysis and artificial neural networks
No full text17 p. : il.Program matching refers to the mapping between equivalent codes written in different
languages - including high-level and low-level languages. This equivalence is useful for some software engineering scenarios such as determining whether rewritten code is cor-
rect, which version of a program is being used, and whether a malware is present in
the program. In the present work, we propose a novel approach to solve the executable
code traceability by using program code analysis and arti cial neural networks. From
the program code analysis we obtained execution behavior properties of the codes, and
from the artifcial neural networks we judge about their correspondence. Our evaluation
using real code examples shows an acceptable correspondence rate between 62% and 100% with the very low rate of 4% false positives
Mass
No full text1 pôster : il.O pôster MASSA problematiza a definição atual da sua unidade de base, o quilograma (kg), relacionada a um objeto físico e não a uma constante fundamental, como todas as outras unidades de base. Conta a história desta definição desde a organização do Sistema Métrico Francês, quando foi baseada na massa de um volume definido de água destilada à temperatura de congelamento, passando pela produção do lingote de uma liga de Platina e Irídio produzido em 1879, chamado de quilograma padrão ou protótipo internacional do quilograma K, até as duas propostas atuais para a definição fundamental do quilograma – o quilograma elétrico ou a contagem de átomos. A ampla escala da grandeza massa, aplicada a situações cotidianas, aparece em medidas como as massas do Sol, da Torre Eiffel, de um elefante africano, do homem mais pesado, do saco de açúcar, da moeda de um real, de um clipe de papel e do átomo de hidrogênio
Na Medida: jornal interno do Inmetro e da Rede Brasileira de Metrologia Legal e Qualidade
No full text8 f.: il. - Ano 27, n. 434 (mar.2012)O Jornal Na Medida é uma publicação interna do Inmetro e Rede Brasileira de Metrologia Legal e Qualidade. Você pode participar enviando notícias para [email protected] partir dessa edição, você já conta com a opção de "folhear" o Na Medida na versão on line através do endereço - http://www.inmetro.gov.br/imprensa/naMedida.asp
Evolutionary insights from bat trypanosomes: morphological, developmental and phylogenetic evidence of a new species, trypanosoma (schizotrypanum) erneyi sp. nov., in african bats closely related to trypanosoma (schizotrypanum) cruzi and Aallied species
No full text17 p. : il., tab.Parasites of the genus Trypanosoma are common in bats and those of the subgenus Schizotrypanum are restricted to bats throughout the world, with the exception of Trypanosoma (Schizotrypanum) cruzi that also infects other mammals and is restricted to the American Continent. We have characterized try- panosome isolates from Molossidae bats captured in Mozambique, Africa. Morphology and behaviour in culture, supported by phylogenetic inferences using SSU (small subunit) rRNA, gGAPDH (glycoso- mal glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase) and Cyt b (cytochrome b) genes, allowed to classify the isolates as a new Schizotrypanum species named Trypanosoma (Schizotrypanum) erneyi sp. nov. This is the first report of a Schizotrypanum species from African bats cultured, characterized morphologically and biologically, and positioned in phylogenetic trees. The unprecedented finding of a new
species of the subgenus Schizotrypanum from Africa that is closest related to the America-restricted Trypanosoma (Schizotrypanum) cruzi marinkellei and T. cruzi provides new insights into the origin and evolutionary history of T. cruzi and closely related bat trypanosomes. Altogether, data from our study support the hypothesis of an ancestor trypanosome parasite of bats evolving to infect other mammals, even humans, and adapted to transmission by triatomine bugs in the evolutionary history of T. cruzi in the New World
Fingerprinting of sildenafil citrate and tadalafil tablets in pharmaceutical formulations via X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry
No full text5 p. : il.The production of counterfeited drugs is a criminal problem that carries serious risks to public health in the worldwide. In Brazil, Viagra® and Cialis® are the most counterfeit medicines, being used to inhibit the phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5), treating thus, problems related to erectile dysfunction. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is a suitable technique to control the quality of new pharmaceutical formulations and distinguish between authentic and counterfeit tablets.XRFhas advantageous features like multielemental
capability, good detectivity, high precision, short analysis times, and is nondestructive, which makes it
suitable to be extended to a great variety of samples. In this work, the inorganic fingerprinting chemical of
forty-one commercial samples (Viagra®, Cialis®, Lazar®, Libiden®, Maxfil®, Plenovit®, Potent 75®, Rigix®,
V-50®, Vimax® and Pramil®) and fifty-six counterfeit samples (Viagra and Cialis) were obtained from XRF data. XRF presented an excellent analytical methodology for semi-quantitative determination of active ingredient (in case of sildenafil citrate that presents S in its structure) and excipients such as calcium phosphate, titanium oxide and iron oxide (P, Ca, Ti and Fe). The matrix data were allied to chemometric methods (Principal Component Analysis and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis) to classify the tablets investigated between authentic and counterfeit, grouping the samples into of seven groups: A, B, C, D and E (counterfeit group) and F and G (authentic group)