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The role of the state in encouraging the supply of senior housing: A looming welfare crisis?
No full textPurpose - Adopting a welfare stance, this paper considers whether the neoliberalist approach which has been adopted by successive UK and Scottish governments will achieve optimal societal outcomes or lead to the under provision of senior housing.
Design/methodology/approach - Data collection centred on informed multi-stakeholder groups that have significant experience working in the retirement and senior housing sector. Core techniques included desk-based study of secondary academic, consultancy and policy documents. Primary data collection techniques involved primary participation of three Scottish taskforce meetings and interviews with key stakeholders from across the sector.
Findings - The paper concludes that without direct government intervention in the market, the welfare ambition to provide adequate housing for an ageing population will not materialise with significant shortfalls in appropriate stock predicted. To prevent this scenario developing, increased public and private sector interaction is essential.
Originality/value - The research follows the growing concern to provide research that has “real world” relevance. The paper conducts a detailed analysis of the Scottish government's housing strategy and reports on the findings of interviewees with key stakeholders. The paper makes recommendations for greater public/private partnerships
Continuous ferment: A history of beer and brewing in New Zealand
No full textSince the first brew by Captain James Cook and the crew of the Resolution at Dusky Sound in April 1773, the story of beer has been deeply intertwined with the history of Aotearoa – from the early settlers’ prodigious consumption of golden ale to the six o’clock swill, from prohibition to the ‘Black Budget’, from the domination of Lion and DB to the rise of craft beer.
In this remarkable story of New Zealanders and beer, Greg Ryan tackles the big questions: Why did people drink and did they do so excessively by contemporary international standards? What did people drink and in what circumstances? How did tastes change over time? What role did brewers and publicans play in the community, other than as dispensers of alcohol?
Richly illustrated, astute and entertaining, Continuous Ferment is both a fascinating analysis of New Zealand’s social history and a book for anyone with an enthusiasm for malt and hops, barrels and bottles, pilsners and porters
Kelp wanted?! Understanding the drivers of US consumers’ willingness to buy and their willingness to pay a price premium for sea vegetables
Get PDFLifestyle changes towards sustainable and healthy diets have given rise to superfoods. Sea vegetables, which are otherwise known as edible seaweeds fall in the category of superfoods and are perceived as sustainable and ethical food options. The present study is dedicated to US consumers’ willingness to buy and their willingness to pay a price premium for sea vegetables, providing insights and best-practice recommendations for marketing managers in the US food retail and gastronomy. An online consumer survey was distributed to explore predictors explaining willingness to buy and pay a price premium. Food engagement, food attributes, consumer knowledge, and health importance were the investigated predictors covered in the survey. Descriptive statistics and partial least square structural equation modelling were used to analyze the data. Food engagement and sea vegetable intrinsic and extrinsic attributes were identified as the strongest predictors for both willingness to buy and to pay a price premium. In contrast, health importance only influenced willingness to buy, and consumer knowledge only influenced willingness to pay a price premium. By focusing on the forms of consumer behavior with high commitment and exploring and validating the factors driving these consumers’ behaviors, the study fills an important research gap
Fungal organisms constituting sooty mould on cool-stored ‘Zesy002’ and ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit in New Zealand
No full textSooty mould describes the complex of superficial, Ascomycota fungi that grow upon the honeydew exudates from different Hemiptera species. Kiwifruit affected by sooty mould were harvested from a commercial orchard in June 2021 and cool-stored for six months at 1°C. Fungal communities were isolated from the lenticels, skin and flesh of ‘Zesy002’ and ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit at three time periods: 0-, 3- and 6-months postharvest. Fruit tissue samples were grown on potato dextrose agar (PDA), morphotyped and identified to genus level using DNA sequencing. A total of 1862 fungal isolates were obtained from 450’Zesy002’ and 450 ‘Hayward’ tissue samples. Forty-two different fungal morphotypes, belonging to 17 different genera were identified, with Cladosporium spp. being the most commonly isolated taxa from both’Zesy002’and ‘Hayward’ fruit (23.3 and 40.9% of isolates, respectively). Differences occurred between cultivars, for example, Alternaria spp. was relatively common on ‘Zesy002’ but not on ‘Hayward’. Additionally, the community composition of sooty mould changed as time increased in cool storage. This research will inform the development sustainable control strategies to reduce insect honeydew excretions
Urban seascaping – How to live not just by the sea but with the sea
No full textUrban shorelines are markers of the contested site between the city and the sea. For centuries, coastal cities have expanded their influence further into the sea in the form of land reclamation (also termed “ocean sprawl”), which is responsible for habitat loss, decrease in biodiversity and water pollution. The sea has increasingly become a backdrop to support the growth of business-as-usual (B-A-U) urban developments that are not conducive to the changing climate nor capable of moving beyond the exploitative and superficial engagement with the sea that most cities practice today. However, the consequences of climate change are challenging the sprawl, as the sea is pushing back onto coastal cities in the form of sea level rise and frequent storms. The dominant way coastal cities have responded to this encroachment has been defense driven mechanical handling of water via sea walls and pumps, a symptom of a reactive rather than proactive response in addressing the climate crisi
Alluvial fan response to Alpine Fault earthquakes on the Westland piedmont, Whataroa, Aotearoa-New Zealand
Get PDFWe examined the stratigraphy of alluvial fans formed at the steep range front of the Southern Alps at Te Taho, on the north bank of the Whataroa River in central West Coast, South Island, New Zealand. The range front coincides with the Alpine Fault, an Australian-Pacific plate boundary fault, which produces regular earthquakes. Our study of range front fans revealed aggradation at 100- to 300-year intervals. Radiocarbon ages and soil residence times (SRTs) estimated by a quantitative profile development index allowed us to elucidate the characteristics of four episodes of aggradation since 1000 CE. We postulate a repeating mode of fan behaviour (fan response cycle [FRC]) linked to earthquake cycles via earthquake-triggered landslides. FRCs are characterised by short response time (aggradation followed by incision) and a long phase when channels are entrenched and fan surfaces are stable (persistence time). Currently, the Te Taho and Whataroa River fans are in the latter phase. The four episodes of fan building we determined from an OxCal sequence model correlate to Alpine Fault earthquakes (or other subsidiary events) and support prior landscape evolution studies indicating ≥M7.5 earthquakes as the main driver of episodic sedimentation. Our findings are consistent with other historic non-earthquake events on the West Coast but indicate faster responses than other earthquake sites in New Zealand and elsewhere where rainfall and stream gradients (the basis for stream power) are lower. Judging from the thickness of fan deposits and the short response times, we conclude that pastoral farming (current land-use) on the fans and probably across much of the Whataroa River fan would be impossible for several decades after a major earthquake. The sustainability of regional tourism and agriculture is at risk, more so because of the vulnerability of the single through road in the region (State Highway 6)
Richard Serra as landscape architecture: How the sculpture practice of Serra may evolve landscape architecture in Aōtearoa : A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Landscape Architecture at Lincoln University
Get PDFThis dissertation explores the potential of sculpture and sculptural processes as catalysts for advancing landscape architecture in Aotearoa, with a particular focus on the groundbreaking work of post-modernist American sculptor Richard Serra. While this approach represents a unique angle within contemporary landscape architecture academia, the research grounds itself by examining historical periods where the connection between sculpture and landscape was inseparable. Examples such as Göbekli Tepe in Turkey and Ginkaku-ji in Japan demonstrate how both practices contributed distinct qualities to the surrounding landscape, reflecting the worldviews of their creators. To contextualize the study in a contemporary setting, the research draws on art critic and theorist Rosalind Krauss's seminal essay ‘Sculpture in the Expanded Field’ (1979) to explore the relationship between sculpture and landscape as they evolved beyond modernism. To investigate Serra's practice within the realm of landscape architecture, a multi-modal research approach is adopted. Drawing from established landscape architectural studies, the research employs various tools and methods to address key questions related to Serra's work in the context of landscape architecture. These approaches include biographic research and design drawing to gain an in-depth understanding of Serra's unique practice. Additionally, interpretive and descriptive design critiques explore how Serra's work relates to landscape architecture. First-hand, experientially based design critiques further examine how Serra's practice extends into the landscape architecture domain. Finally, the research considers the potential attributes Serra's practice may bring to landscape architecture in Aotearoa by analysing two NZILA award-winning projects. The outcomes of this research are manifold. First, the study reveals how Serra's practice is influenced by the logic of process and materiality, forming the basis for a process-oriented approach across various mediums. Utilizing Serra's ‘Verblist’ (1967), the research delves into an embodied approach, expanding the notion of 'landscape' and drawing parallels with Tim Ingold's concept of 'taskscape.' This perspective contrasts the ocular-centric view prevalent in landscape architecture and emphasizes the idea that "through living in it, the landscape becomes a part of us, just as we are a part of it" (Ingold, 1993, p. 154). Second, the research demonstrates how Serra's sculptural practice consistently extends into the landscape. Through the analysis and design critique of his works, the study uncovers a practice that explores body, space, and time, engaging viewers through site-specificity, context, and materiality. This emphasis on experiential engagement aligns with phenomenological philosophy and an embodied perspective of landscape. Third, the research establishes that Serra's sculptural ethos and the qualities inherent in his extensive practice—such as body, space, time, process, site-specificity, context, and materiality—have the potential to enrich contemporary landscape architecture practices in Aotearoa. This insight specifically pertains to enhancing the utility and design experience of existing and future landscapes. And finally, the study provides valuable insights into how landscape architecture, influenced by sculpture or other art disciplines, can evolve into a distinct and recognizable form. The interdisciplinary, multi-modal approach employed in this research can serve as a model for future investigations within landscape architectural academia, offering numerous benefits to the field
Rust and smoke: A memoryscape for industrial heritage : A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Landscape Architecture at Lincoln University
Get PDFThe legacy of the Industrial Revolution includes valuable but overlooked aspects of human civilisation. The concept of industrial heritage was not recognised until 1978 when The International Committee for the Conservation of the Industrial Heritage (TICCIH) was formed. Memoryscape is a multi-sensory approach to foster the act of remembering and promote immersive experience in the landscape. While industrial heritage is an important asset to be remembered, the design for heritage has been dominated by the visual, with sound, smell, taste and touch barely considered. This research critiqued existing examples of industrial heritage memoryscape design, and identified how each sense could contribute to the act of remembrance and engagement with post-industrial landscapes through three primary case studies, including Shantytown Heritage Park, Dunedin Warehouse Precinct and The Tannery in New Zealand, and a range of local and international secondary case studies. The findings indicated non-visual senses were largely provocative to memories, and contributed to the meaning to the heritage sites. While not all heritage sites were capable of including all senses, there is a need for landscape architects to identify the key sensory aspect and to incorporate it to the site rather than creating design solely for visual consumption
Exploring key factors driving urban foraging behavior in garden and non-garden locations
Get PDFSince the occurrence of COVID-19 and food price inflation, alternative forms of food procurement increased in popularity. The present study is dedicated to urban foraging and aims to explore key factors driving food foraging behavior in the U.S. Two specific foraging behaviors, namely “leaving food behind” or “taking it all”, have been investigated in a gardening and non-gardening location. Leaving food behind is crucial to sustainable foraging practices, as it allows plants and ecosystems to recover and promotes fairness in foraging communities. Data was procured from an online consumer survey and analyzed using SmartPLS 4, which allowed the use of partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). PLS-SEM is particularly suitable for complex exploratory studies as it does not require distributional assumptions. Results indicate that nature and food attitudes predict attitudes toward urban foraging. Foraging attitudes, such as food foraging is challenging and food foraging benefits people and the planet, which are the most important drivers for taking or leaving behaviors in both types of locations. These findings are of relevance to managers in municipalities, landscape designers, horticultural businesses, and other stakeholders who create, shape, and govern landscapes used for food foraging
Dynamic connectedness between crude oil and equity markets: What about the effects of firm's solvency and profitability positions?
No full textThe paper aims to explore the presence of connectedness between oil price changes and stock returns of oil & gas sector. The analysis, adopting the connectedness approach developed by and the frequency connectedness developed by demonstrates a high level of connectedness, especially during the extreme economic meltdown. The short-term (1–5 days) level of total connectedness is substantially higher than the medium-term (5–30 days) and long-term levels (30–262 days). In addition, when examining the impact of the sectors’ financial characteristics on the extent of the connectedness, we found that sectors with greater solvency position (lower debt to asset ratio and higher interest coverage) are less connected with the oil price changes. The impact of sector’s solvency position on connectedness (between stock return and oil prices) is even more obvious for financially more open markets. Also, change in oil prices have a less impact on the returns of sectors with higher profitability ratios. The paper, therefore, brings several implications to both policy makers and investors