Sawwa: Jurnal Studi Gender
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Women and Children as Victims of Financial-based Violence in Online Gambling Circles: A Criminological Approach to Criminal Law and Rehabilitation Policy in Indonesia
Full text linkOnline gambling in Indonesia increasingly exposes women and children to financial-based violence, making them vulnerable groups. Despite the rise in online gambling, current legal policies and rehabilitation programs have failed to fully address its harmful social effects. This study analyzes the criminogenic factors that contribute to victimization among women and children and evaluates the effectiveness of criminal law policies and rehabilitation programs in safeguarding them. Through a normative legal research method, utilizing legislative analysis, criminology, and case studies, the findings reveal that existing policies are inadequate and overlook the complexity of financial violence in this context. Rehabilitation programs also tend to be less effective, focusing primarily on legal and therapeutic approaches while neglecting broader social, economic, and cultural influences. This research proposes a more comprehensive and rehabilitative policy framework that not only seeks to punish offenders but also prioritizes prevention, reducing violence recurrence, and enhancing social reintegration for victims
Pioneering Change: Women’s Economic Empowerment under Saudi Vision 2030
Full text linkWomen's empowerment efforts always encounter obstacles and challenges. This paper explores the economic empowerment of women in Saudi Arabia within the context of Saudi Vision 2030, a plan aimed at enhancing women's roles in various sectors. Although existing research has addressed women’s empowerment under this vision, a comprehensive evaluation of the government’s initiatives is still lacking. The study evaluates policies designed to economically empower women, guided by a theoretical framework based on key empowerment elements: agency, access to resources, opportunity structure, and achievement, inspired by the perspectives of Evelyn Derera and Amartya Sen. A qualitative, descriptive approach is used, incorporating secondary data analysis from literature reviews and government reports on Vision 2030. Findings reveal that reforms have increased women’s participation in economic and educational sectors, including partial removal of the male guardianship system. However, challenges such as cultural norms, nepotism, and gender discrimination continue to limit women’s access to higher leadership roles. Despite significant progress, more efforts are required to address these persistent barriers and fully empower women in Saudi Arabia
From Silence to Strength: A Women-centered Framework in Faith-based Community Organizing
Full text linkThree models of community organizing (CO) are commonly used as paradigms: the conventional Alinsky’s, faith-based community organizing (FBCO), and the women-centered model. However, few studies on CO that focus on integrating these three models as a comprehensive lens of analysis. The women-centered community organizing paradigm lacks religio-spiritual complexity, which hinders the acceptance of women empowerment’s message among religious communities. This study aims to propose a practical community-organizing model by synthesizing three different community-organizing models carried out by religious-based women non-governmental organizations. This study combines a systemic literature review method and a qualitative approach to study women-based CSOs. The finding indicates that integrating three community organizing (CO) models effectively empowers women
“Kepala Putik” on Women: Perspectives and Challenges in Balancing the Dual Role as Mother and Worker in Indonesia
Full text linkThe dual roles carried out by Indonesian women as both mothers and workers have increasingly garnered attention amidst dynamic social and economic changes. This article explores the concept of "Kepala Putik" as a perspective accompanied by the stigma faced by Indonesian women in fulfilling these dual roles. The research utilizes a qualitative method with a literature study approach. The primary data sources stem from a comprehensive review of relevant literature, including scholarly articles, books, and reports related to the dual roles of women in Indonesia. This study highlights the increasing participation of women in the workforce in Indonesia, focusing on a literature analysis to understand the social perspectives and challenges faced by women in balancing these dual roles. The uniqueness of this research lies in its emphasis on the specific concept of "Kepala Putik" and how this stigma uniquely affects Indonesian women. The findings of this study reveal the complexity of stereotypes and social norms related to women who choose to work while continuing to fulfil their roles as mothers
Legal Protection for Online Transportation Drivers: An Approach to Gender Inclusiveness in Indonesia
Full text linkIn line with the employment numbers the online transportation industries have created, many problems are still related to its workers. Legal protection is needed to regulate this industry for promoting gender inclusiveness. By using the sociology of law concept and gender theory, the objective of this research is to have a comprehensive understanding of the reason for the urgency of legal protection in the scope of the online transportation industry and how it can be correlated with promoting gender-inclusiveness implementation. This article used the juridical-empirical research method. This research used a statutory approach using primary data from interviews, ministries, and departments in Indonesia and secondary data from scientific journals and books. The research found that legal protection can be the social engineering for changing societies’ mindsets and behavior toward the drivers of the online transportation industry. Also, the law is considered social control by policy-makers to implement gender-inclusiveness in Indonesia. This study shows that legal regulations designed as social engineering and social control can transform the gig economy ecosystem into a safer, fairer, and gender-inclusive workspace for female drivers
Revealing Gender Dynamics: Comparative Analysis of Religiosity, Emotional Intelligence, and Academic Resilience in Junior High School Students
Full text linkIn ever-developing social dynamics, understanding gender roles is becoming increasingly important. Previous research suggests that gender can influence how individuals respond to academic and emotional challenges, with factors such as religiosity and emotional intelligence playing an important role in this process. This study investigated gender differences in religiosity, emotional intelligence, and academic resilience among students aged 12–16 years. The method used is comparative quantitative. A total of 626 students (286 males and 340 females) were selected through simple random sampling. The data collection instruments used are the religiosity scale, emotional intelligence scale, and academic resilience scale, developed independently by the researcher and tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis uses the independent sample t-test. The results of data analysis on the religiosity variable show that there is a difference of 0.000 < 0.05 in the religiosity of male and female students. In contrast, the emotional intelligence and academic resilience variables show that there is a difference in emotional intelligence of 0.145 > 0.05 and academic resilience of 0.203 > 0.05 in boys and girls. Overall, the results of this analysis provide important insights into the influence of gender on several aspects of student psychology and behavior. These results can be used to design more inclusive and gender-sensitive educational policies and programs, as well as support the holistic personal development of all individuals, regardless of gender
The Mourning Period (Iḥdād) for Widowers: A Gender and Sociological Perspectives
Full text linkDespite extensive scholarship on female mourning practices (iḥdād), male mourning within Islamic legal and gender studies is largely overlooked, creating a significant gap in understanding how widowers manage grief culturally and religiously. This study focuses on the neglected male mourning practices in Islamic contexts and how widowers navigate their grief. Through a qualitative method involving in-depth interviews with five widowers, alongside observations and document analysis (in the form of local prayer books, memorial schedules, and religious guidance texts), the data was thematically analyzed using the Braun and Clarke framework, combined with phenomenological insights to uncover emotional and ethical patterns. The findings indicate that widowers engage in ethical negotiations—such as postponing remarriage and avoiding social gatherings—that reflect an interplay between Islamic teachings and Javanese cultural norms. This research suggests that the Qira'ah Mubādalah perspective offers a valuable interpretive framework that situates these mourning practices within a context of reciprocal ethics rooted in spirituality, which has broader implications for gender ethics in contemporary Islamic discourse
Strategy for Resolving Gender Conflict in the Household for Women Industrial Workers
Full text linkPoverty forced most females to have double roles as housewives and workers. It happened to help the husbands look for a good living. This research aimed to describe the strategies for female industrial workers in Surakarta to resolve gender conflict in a household. This research used qualitative method to describe the data retrieved by interview technique using social role theory to find out the existence of double role conflict, kinds of conflicts, and strategies in resolution of the gender role conflict from the respondents in the regions of Surakarta, Boyolali, Sragen, Wonogiri, and Sukoharjo by referring to the patterned social behavior, social identity, and shared social expectations. This research uncovered the existence of various conflicts among female workers i.e. working hours, household chores, relationship communication between husband and wife (biological relationship), and childcare. Furthermore, this research also found the strategies used by housewives in facing conflicts, including division of role as head of the family, division of working hours, parenting arrangement, family biological time arrangement, and social community. Regarding the findings, this research provided female industrial workers with several alternative solutions to help them divide their time for professionally working in domestic and public affairs
Gender Equality in Islamic Marriage Law through the Maqāṣid al-Sharī’a Perspective: A Study on Woman-initiated Divorce (Cerai Gugat) in Indonesia
Full text linkThe presence of gender equality issues in Islamic family law has already become a new challenge faced by Muslims to manifest and uphold the higher purpose of sharī’a (maqāṣid al-sharī’a). Thus, maqāṣid al-sharī’a as a theoretical framework should be able to accept adjustment depending on the circumstance. This article aims to discuss the notion of gender equality in maqāṣid al-sharī’ah perspective, which is focused on two research questions, namely what is the perspective of maqāṣid al-sharī’a on gender equality discourse, especially in Islamic marriage law, and how can the reform of Islamic marriage law in the practice of divorce support the realization of a new paradigm of maqāṣid al-sharī’a to achieve justice. Using woman-initiated divorce (cerai gugat) in recent Indonesia as a case study and incorporating a normative legal approach along with the Islamic feminism theory proposed by Amina Wadud, the article concludes that the maqāṣid al-sharī’a applied in the Muslim legal tradition demonstrates the flexibility of Islamic law in adapting to various demands and circumstances. In the context of Islamic family law in Indonesia, it can be proven by the presence of woman-initiated divorce (cerai gugat) which has never been done before. It became a manifestation of the ability of maqāṣid al-sharī’a to reconcile contemporary issues such as the notion of gender equality
Religiosity and Fundamentalism as Factors of Perception of Gender Equality
Full text linkAs a non-religious public university, Diponegoro University accommodates students from various religious and fundamentalist backgrounds. Since a person's religious values have an influence on their perspective on the values of inter-sex relationships, it is suspected that both variables also influence their perspective on these relationships. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of religiosity and religious fundamentalism on the perception of gender equality among Muslim students in Indonesia. Based on the literature review, it is hypothesized that religiosity and religious fundamentalism have a negative impact on the perception of gender equality. The study employs a quantitative approach with a survey design. Data were collected using a questionnaire specifically designed for Muslim students. The study involved 294 Muslim students from Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia. The participants were selected using a cluster sampling technique based on faculty, study program, and class. Hypothesis testing was conducted using multiple regression analysis. The findings reveal that Muslim students’ perception of gender equality is negatively influenced by religiosity and religious fundamentalism. However their total contribution to the perrception is small, 6.4% for males and 5.6% for females. Further research is needed to explore this relationship in greater depth